Search results for "Veterinary"
showing 10 items of 3026 documents
Variability of near-surface saturated hydraulic conductivity for the clay soils of a small Sicilian basin
2019
Abstract Proper characterization of saturated hydraulic conductivity, Ks, of clay soils in a hillslope or a basin is still a challenge for soil science. In this investigation, the clay soils of the Maganoce (Sicily, Italy) basin were sampled at 19 sampling sites by the BEST procedure of soil hydraulic characterization. More OM implied less compact conditions (decreasing dry soil bulk density; coefficient of determination, R2 = 0.67), more stability to water of the soil aggregates (increasing water stable aggregates; R2 = 0.83) and, consequently, higher Ks values (R2 = 0.54). Variability of Ks was lower in the steeper zones of the basin than in the flatter ones. A comparison with the Ks data…
Electrotechnologies, microwaves, and ultrasounds combined with binary mixtures of ethanol and water to extract steviol glycosides and antioxidant com…
2017
The aim of this work was to investigate the potential use of non-conventional technologies (microwaves, ultrasounds, pulsed electric fields, and high voltage electrical discharges) to enhance the extraction of high-added value compounds (mainly stevioside and rebaudioside A), and antioxidants (total phenolic compounds, flavonoids, chlorophylls, and carotenoids), from Stevia rebaudiana leaves. After treatment at equivalent energy, a supplementary diffusion was performed until 1 h. Results demonstrated that when water (100%) was used as solvent, the maximum recovery of stevioside (50.8 ± 0.1 mg/g) was obtained after ultrasound-assisted extraction, while microwave allowed the highest yields of…
The effect of soil on human health: an overview
2018
Soil has a considerable effect on human health, whether those effects are positive or negative, direct or indirect. Soil is an important source of nutrients in our food supply and medicines such as antibiotics. However, nutrient imbalances and the presence of human pathogens in the soil biological community can cause negative effects on health. There are also many locations where various elements or chemical compounds are found in soil at toxic levels, because of either natural conditions or anthropogenic activities. The soil of urban environments has received increased attention in the last few years, and they too pose a number of human health questions and challenges. Concepts such as soi…
Changes in soil redox potential in response to flood irrigation with waste water in central Mexico
2017
Irrigation with untreated sewage water adds fresh organic matter to the soil. When it is applied by flooding, as in the Mezquital Valley of Mexico, many of the pores in the soil become temporarily waterlogged and depleted of oxygen, and reduction generates nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4). We monitored the redox potential, Eh, in the soil at two sites in the Mezquital Valley to discover whether the short-term gaseous emissions matched the changes in Eh. One site is irrigated periodically by flooding with waste water and has alfalfa, rye grass and maize grown in succession; the other site grows maize with water from summer rain only. Each electrode buried in the soil for the purpose pro…
Distribution and mobility of phosphates and sodium ions in cheese by solid-state 31 P and double-quantum filtered 23 Na NMR spectroscopy
2010
The feasibility of solid-state magic angle spinning (MAS) (31)P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and (23)Na NMR spectroscopy to investigate both phosphates and Na(+) ions distribution in semi-hard cheeses in a non-destructive way was studied. Two semi-hard cheeses of known composition were made with two different salt contents. (31)P Single-pulse excitation and cross-polarization MAS experiments allowed, for the first time, the identification and quantification of soluble and insoluble phosphates in the cheeses. The presence of a relatively 'mobile' fraction of colloidal phosphates was evidenced. The detection by (23)Na single-quantum NMR experiments of all the sodium ions in t…
Sources, Chemistry, and Biological Potential of Ellagitannins and Ellagic Acid Derivatives
2019
Abstract The consumption of polyphenols is considered an important part of a healthy life style and is related to reducing the risk for diseases. Ellagitanins (e.g., vescalagin, punicalagin, and castalagin) and ellagic acid and its derived compounds (e.g., urolithin) have been receiving attention in recent years as bioactive substances. This class of phenolic substances can be found in berries, pomegranates, walnuts, almonds, and other plant material that is consumed as traditional medicine to treat inflammatory diseases. Human gut microbiota are considered to play an important role in the bioactivity of ellagic acid derivative activity due to the production of urolithin and its antiinflamm…
Determination of biological characteristics of Tunisian Artemia salina populations
2012
In this study, Artemia salina cysts collected from four Tunisian hypersaline environments were characterized using biometrical, biological and biochemical descriptors. Biometrical analysis revealed that the mean diameter value ranged from 220.25 to 237.76 μm, for the untreated cysts, from 199 to 224.52 μm for decapsulated cysts and that the chorion thickness ranged from 6.62 to 10.58 μm. 48 h after hatching, Artemia from Sebkha El Meleh, Sebha Moknine, Sfax saltworks and Sahline saltworks presented a hatching percentage of 52.7%, 53.75%, 70.16% and 43.74%, respectively. The length of the freshly hatched instar I nauplii varied from 429 to 449.34 μm. The fatty acids profile showed that the n…
Chemical and physico‐chemical changes during the dry‐cured processing of deer loin
2019
The changes on chemical composition, physico‐chemical parameters, free fatty acids and free amino acids content of dry‐cured deer loin were investigated at day 0, 30 and 60 of dry‐cured process. On the whole, except for pH values (≈5.6) and composition (fat: 4.6–5.2%; protein: ≈73%; ash: ≈17.5%) that did not show differences between the processing days, the other physico‐chemical parameters were affected by curing process. Colour parameters and moisture (from 69 to 38.4%) decreased while the hardness increase from 12.35 to 342 N and lipid oxidation (from 0.2 to 0.52 mg MDA/kg) increased as dry‐cured stage progresses. In similar way, free fatty acid (2250 mg per 100 g of fat at 0 day and 594…
Green extraction approach for the recovery of polyphenols from Croatian olive leaves (Olea europea)
2017
Abstract Pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) is shown as an innovative green technology for the effective extraction of the various phytochemicals from food by-products, therefore the aims of this study were to evaluate the application of PLE to engineer green extracts of Croatian olive leaves ( Olea europaea , cv. Oblica) for potential industrial production (functional foods/pharmaceuticals). PLE was conducted under various cycle numbers (1, 2), temperature (60, 80, 100 °C) and static times (5, 10, 15 min). Obtained extracts were characterized in terms of: (i) total polyphenols (TP); (ii) total flavonoids (TF); hydroxycinnamic acids (HCA); and (iv) flavonols (FLA). Response surface methodo…
Characterizing physicochemical, nutritional and quality attributes of wholegrain Oryza sativa L. subjected to high intensity ultrasound-stimulated pr…
2020
Abstract When ultrasonic stimulation is applied to plant seeds it may promote the development of new adaptive characteristics during germination, thus providing an alternative to regulate nutritional and physicochemical attributes of germinated seeds. However, there is rather limited information concerning high-intensity ultrasound (HIU) effects on the germination process of crop seeds as foodstuff. This investigation aimed at examining the effects of a novel processing pattern, which coupled HIU stimulation (28 kHz, 17.83 W cm−2) to a pre-germination stage, on the physicochemical, nutritional and quality changes of wholegrain brown rice (WBR; Oryza sativa L.). Results suggested that HIU st…