Search results for "Viability"
showing 10 items of 402 documents
Growth and Osteogenic Differentiation of Discarded Gingiva-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells on a Commercial Scaffold
2020
Background In periodontal patients with jawbone resorption, the autologous bone graft is considered a "gold standard" procedure for the placing of dental prosthesis; however, this procedure is a costly intervention and poses the risk of clinical complications. Thanks to the use of adult mesenchymal stem cells, smart biomaterials, and active biomolecules, regenerative medicine and bone tissue engineering represent a valid alternative to the traditional procedures. Aims In the past, mesenchymal stem cells isolated from periodontally compromised gingiva were considered a biological waste and discarded during surgical procedures. This study aims to test the osteoconductive activity of FISIOGRAF…
(+)-Pentazocine reduces oxidative stress and apoptosis in microglia following hypoxia/reoxygenation injury
2016
Abstract Background Sigma-1 receptors (σ 1 R) are highly expressed in neurons as well as microglia and have been shown to modulate the inflammatory response in the central nervous system and thus may serve as possible target for neuroprotective strategies. The aim of the present study was to test the effect of (+)-pentazocine, a putative σ 1 R agonist, in an in vitro model of microglia activation. Methods Microglia (BV2 cells) was exposed (3 h) to 1% oxygen and reoxygenation was allowed for 24 h. Cells were treated with different concentrations (1, 10, 25 and 50 μM) of (+)-pentazocine in the presence or absence of NE-100 (1 μM), a well established σ 1 R antagonist. Cell viability and apopto…
Vitamin K3 chloro derivative (VKT-2) inhibits HDAC6, activates autophagy and apoptosis, and inhibits aggresome formation in hepatocellular carcinoma …
2020
Epigenetics plays a vital role in regulating gene expression and determining the specific phenotypes of eukaryotic cells. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are important epigenetic regulatory proteins effecting multiple biological functions. Particularly, HDAC6 has become a promising anti-cancer drug target because of its regulation of cell mobility, protein trafficking, degradation of misfolded proteins, cell growth, apoptosis, and metastasis. In this study, we identified one out of six vitamin K3 derivatives, VKT-2, as HDAC6 inhibitor using molecular docking and cell viability assays in HDAC6-overexpressing HuH-7 cancer cells. Microscale thermophoresis and HDAC6 enzymatic assays revealed that …
Role of p62/SQSTM1 beyond autophagy: a lesson learned from drug-induced toxicity in vitro
2018
Background and Purpose SQSTM1/p62 is a multifunctional, stress-induced, scaffold protein involved in multiple cellular processes including autophagic clearance, regulation of inflammatory responses and redox homeostasis. Its altered function has been associated with different human pathologies, such as neurodegenerative, metabolic and bone diseases (down-regulation), and cancerogenesis (up-regulation). However, its role in the off-target effects of clinically used drugs is still not understood. Experimental Approach We evaluated the expression of p62 in cultured Hep3B cells and their derived ρ° cells (lacking mitochondria), along with markers of autophagy and mitochondrial dysfunction. The …
Activation of microglia synergistically enhances neurodegeneration caused by MPP+ in human SH-SY5Y cells
2019
While MPP+ may not directly activate microglia, the initial neuronal damage inflicted by the toxin may trigger microglia, possibly leading to synergistic pro-apoptotic interaction between neuro-inflammation and toxin-induced neurotoxicity, which may further aggravate neurodegeneration. However, what molecular targets are synergistically up or downregulated during this interaction is not well understood. Here, we addressed this by co-culturing fully differentiated human SH-SY5Y cells treated with parkinsonian toxin 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+), with endotoxin-activated microglial cell line EOC 20 to determine how this interaction affects pro-apoptotic (p38, JNK, and bax:bcl2 ratios) an…
Microvesicle Formation Induced by Oxidative Stress in Human Erythrocytes
2020
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by different cell types play an important role in many physiological and pathophysiological processes. In physiological conditions, red blood cell (RBC)-derived EVs compose 4&ndash
Cytoprotective Effects of Fish Protein Hydrolysates against H2O2-Induced Oxidative Stress and Mycotoxins in Caco-2/TC7 Cells
2021
Many studies report the potent antioxidant capacity for fish protein hydrolysates, including radical scavenging activity and inhibition ability on lipid peroxidation (LPO). In this study, the in vitro cytotoxicity of protein hydrolysates from different salmon, mackerel, and herring side streams fractions was evaluated in the concentration range from 1 to 1:32 dilution, using cloned human colon adenocarcinoma cells TC7 (Caco-2/TC7) by MTT and PT assays. The protein hydrolysates’ antioxidant capacity and oxidative stress effects were evaluated by LPO and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, respectively. The antioxidant capacity for pure and bioavailable hydrolysate fraction was also eva…
Cold Atmospheric Plasma Promotes Regeneration-Associated Cell Functions of Murine Cementoblasts In Vitro
2021
The aim of the study was to examine the efficacy of cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) on the mineralization and cell proliferation of murine dental cementoblasts. Cells were treated with CAP and enamel matrix derivates (EMD). Gene expression of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), bone gamma-carboxyglutamate protein (BGLAP), periostin (POSTN), osteopontin (OPN), osterix (OSX), collagen type I alpha 1 chain (COL1A1), dentin matrix acidic phosphoprotein (DMP)1, RUNX family transcription factor (RUNX)2, and marker of proliferation Ki-67 (KI67) was quantified by real-time PCR. Protein expression was analyzed by immunocytochemistry and ELISA. ALP activity was determined by ALP assay. Von Kossa and alizarin r…
Mechanisms of beauvericin toxicity and antioxidant cellular defense
2015
Beauvericin (BEA) is a secondary metabolite produced by many species of fungus Fusarium. This study determines the injury (cell viability, cell proliferation, mitochondrial membrane potential, cell death and DNA damage) and the intracellular defense mechanisms (catalase and superoxide dismutase) in Chinese Hamster ovary (CHO-K1) cells after BEA exposure. The results obtained in this study demonstrated that BEA induces cytotoxicity in a dose- and time-dependent manner in CHO-K1 cells. Moreover, disruption in mitochondrial enzymatic activity and cell proliferation has been observed after BEA exposure, which can lead or be consequence of cell death. BEA inhibits cell proliferation by arresting…
The Phytochemical Indicaxanthin Synergistically Enhances Cisplatin-Induced Apoptosis in HeLa Cells via Oxidative Stress-Dependent p53/p21waf1 Axis
2020
Combining phytochemicals with chemotherapics is an emerging strategy to treat cancer to overcome drug toxicity and resistance with natural compounds. We assessed the effects of indicaxanthin (Ind), a pigment obtained from Opuntia ficus-indica (L. Mill) fruit, combined with cisplatin (CDDP) against cervical cancer cells (HeLa). Measured cell viability via Trypan blue assay