Search results for "Virology"

First case in Italy of acquired resistance to oseltamivir in an immunocompromised patient with influenza A/H1N1v infection

2010

A pandemic influenza A/H1N1v strain with the neuraminidase H274Y mutation was detected in nasal secretions of a 2-year-old leukemic patient with influenza-like illness after 18 days of treatment with oseltamivir. At baseline, no drug-resistant virus was found, while 4 days after treatment initiation a mix- ture of wild-type and mutated virus was detected. After treatment interruption, the wild type influenza virus re-emerged and became prevalent in nasal secretions after a few days, suggesting the lower fitness of the mutated virus strain. The patient slowly improved concurrently with a decrease in virus load, which resulted negative 42 days after diagnosis. No other drug-resistant influenz…

Further studies on the AB0-typing of ancient bones

1972

This paper deals with the AB0-typing of bone material from the 14th century. From 151 femora, 126 gave a positive reaction, the rest did not react at all. 53.9% A, 16.7% B, 23.8% H and 5.6% AB are the respective results. Some hypotheses suggesting relations between infectious diseases and AB0 blood groups are discussed. The AB0 distribution seems to point to an association with plague and smallpox.

Pertussis-specific cell-mediated immunity in infants after vaccination with a tricomponent acellular pertussis vaccine.

1996

The aim of this study was to investigate pertussis-specific cell-mediated immunity in infants vaccinated with a tricomponent acellular vaccine. Infants were investigated during a primary vaccination schedule from the third month of life to the sixth month as well as before and after a booster at 15 to 24 months. This is the first report of specific cell-mediated immune responses to pertussis-related antigens in infants below the age of 12 months. Our data show that the vaccine induces T-cell responses specific for the vaccine components, detoxified pertussis toxin, filamentous hemagglutinin, and pertactin, that increase progressively over the course of the vaccination schedule. In contrast …

Analogous IgG subclass response to pertussis toxin in vaccinated children, healthy or affected by whooping cough

2003

The study of antigen specific IgG subclass distribution during disease, or during any other natural or artificial immunisation, can provide useful information on the kind of the immune response and the expected levels of protection. This is particularly true for diseases, such as pertussis in which the mechanisms underlying specific defence are still not completely understood. An investigation was therefore performed to evaluate the IgG subclass response to pertussis toxin (PT) in sera from 89 healthy vaccinated children and 131 vaccinated or unvaccinated children convalescent after a confirmed B. pertussis symptomatic infection. Antibody titres were expressed in arbitrary ELISA units/ml, a…

Comparative study of a whole-cell pertussis vaccine and a recombinant acellular pertussis vaccine.

1994

The safety and immunogenicity of an acellular pertussis vaccine containing the genetically detoxified pertussis toxin PT-9K/129C, filamentous hemagglutinin, and pertactin, together with diphtheria and tetanus toxoids, were compared with those of a whole-cell pertussis component-diphtheria-tetanus vaccine. Four hundred eighty infants were enrolled into this prospective, multicenter, double-blind study. Each infant was randomly given three doses of one of the two vaccines at 2, 4, and 6 months of age. Both local and systemic adverse reactions, reported within 48 hours and 7 days of each injection, were less frequent after the acellular vaccine than after the whole-cell vaccine. The enzyme-lin…

High Levels Of Interferon-  In Boutonneuse Fever

1994

Phenotype/Genotype Relationship in Left Ventricular Noncompaction: Ion Channel Gene Mutations Are Associated With Preserved Left Ventricular Systolic…

2021

International audience; Background: Few data exist concerning genotype-phenotype relationships in left ventricular noncompaction (LVNC).Methods and results: From a multicenter French Registry, we report the genetic and clinical spectrum of 95 patients with LVNC, and their genotype-phenotype relationship. Among the 95 LVNC, 45 had at least 1 mutation, including 14 cases of mutation in ion channel genes. In a complementary analysis including 16 additional patients with ion channel gene mutations, for a total of 30 patients with ion channel gene mutation, we found that those patients had higher median LV ejection fraction (60% vs 40%; P < .001) and more biventricular noncompaction (53.1% vs 18…

T cell-mediated cytotoxicity: discrimination between antigen recognition, lethal hit and cytolysis phase.

1974

Using a 51Cr release cytotoxicity assay, the cytotoxic effector phase of in vitro activated mouse T lymphocytes (killer cells) against 51Cr-labeled target cells has been investigated. It is shown that within 5–10 minutes of contact between killer cells and target cells, the target cells are already committed to lysis, therefore, antigen recognition and “lethal hit” must have taken place within this period of time. In contrast, target cell lysis (cytolysis phase) requires up to 3–4 h in order to be completed; it occurs independently of killer cells and it is highly temperature dependent. The killer cell-dependent phase (antigen-recognition and “lethal hit”) is dissociated into two consecutiv…

Specific Targeting of Cytokine-Secreting Cells: A Bispecific Diabody Recognizing Human Interleukin-6 and CD3 Induces T Cell-Mediated Killing

1998

Cytokines have been implicated in the pathophysiology of many diseases. Although there have been many attempts to neutralize the activity of cytokines in vivo and in vitro, no strategies have been developed to specifically eliminate cells that overexpress cytokines. Considering the fact that cytokines in part remain cell associated on secretion, we have constructed a bispecific diabody consisting of a nonneutralizing scFv antibody recognizing human interleukin-6 (IL-6) and an scFv corresponding to the monoclonal antibody (mAb) OKT3, which recognizes and activates the human T cell receptor. Here we show that the diabody recognized both human IL-6 and human CD3. In the presence of human T cel…

Protein-prime/modified vaccinia virus Ankara vector-boost vaccination overcomes tolerance in high-antigenemic HBV-transgenic mice

2015

Abstract Background Therapeutic vaccination is a novel treatment approach for chronic hepatitis B, but only had limited success so far. We hypothesized that optimized vaccination schemes have increased immunogenicity, and aimed at increasing therapeutic hepatitis B vaccine efficacy. Methods Modified Vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) expressing hepatitis B virus (HBV) antigens was used to boost protein-prime vaccinations in wildtype and HBV-transgenic (HBVtg) mice. Results Protein-prime/MVA-boost vaccination was able to overcome HBV-specific tolerance in HBVtg mice with low and medium but not with high antigenemia. HBV-specific antibody titers, CD8+ T-cell frequencies and polyfunctionality inverse…