Search results for "Visual System"

showing 10 items of 60 documents

Progenitor death drives retinal dysplasia and neuronal degeneration in a mouse model of Atrip-Seckel syndrome

2020

ABSTRACT Seckel syndrome is a type of microcephalic primordial dwarfism (MPD) that is characterized by growth retardation and neurodevelopmental defects, including reports of retinopathy. Mutations in key mediators of the replication stress response, the mutually dependent partners ATR and ATRIP, are among the known causes of Seckel syndrome. However, it remains unclear how their deficiency disrupts the development and function of the central nervous system (CNS). Here, we investigated the cellular and molecular consequences of ATRIP deficiency in different cell populations of the developing murine neural retina. We discovered that conditional inactivation of Atrip in photoreceptor neurons …

lcsh:MedicineMedicine (miscellaneous)315BlindnessMicechemistry.chemical_compoundImmunology and Microbiology (miscellaneous)Cell DeathneurodevelopmentStem CellsNeurodegenerationapoptosisneurodegenerationSyndromeCell biologyDNA-Binding Proteinsdna damage responsemedicine.anatomical_structurePhotoreceptor Cells VertebrateResearch Articlelcsh:RB1-214NeurogenesisNeuroscience (miscellaneous)Embryonic DevelopmentBiologyRetinaGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biologylcsh:PathologymedicineAnimalsAbnormalities MultipleProgenitor cellVision OcularAdaptor Proteins Signal TransducingCell ProliferationProgenitorRetinalcsh:RRetinalEmbryo Mammalianmedicine.diseasephotoreceptorDisease Models AnimalSeckel syndromechemistryvisual system developmentNerve DegenerationRetinal dysplasiaRetinal DysplasiaTumor Suppressor Protein p53Primordial dwarfismDNA DamageDisease Models & Mechanisms
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Mesh Visual Quality Assessment Metrics: A Comparison Study

2017

3D graphics technologies have known a developed progress in the last years, and several processing operations can be applied on 3D meshes such as watermarking, compression, simplification and so forth. Mesh visual quality assessment becomes an important issue to evaluate the visual appearance of the 3D shape after specific modifications. Several metrics have been proposed in this context, from the classical distance-based metrics to the perceptual-based metrics which include perceptual information about the human visual system. In this paper, we propose to study the performance of several mesh visual quality metrics. First, the comparison is conducted regardless the distortion types neither…

Computer sciencemedia_common.quotation_subject020207 software engineeringContext (language use)02 engineering and technologycomputer.software_genreVisual appearanceVisualizationMetric (mathematics)Human visual system model0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering020201 artificial intelligence & image processingQuality (business)Polygon meshData miningcomputer3D computer graphicsmedia_common2017 13th International Conference on Signal-Image Technology & Internet-Based Systems (SITIS)
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Midground Object Detection in Real World Video Scenes,

2007

Traditional video scene analysis depends on accurate background modeling to identify salient foreground objects. However, in many important surveillance applications, saliency is defined by the appearance of a new non-ephemeral object that is between the foreground and background. This midground realm is defined by a temporal window following the object's appearance; but it also depends on adaptive background modeling to allow detection with scene variations (e.g., occlusion, small illumination changes). The human visual system is ill-suited for midground detection. For example, when surveying a busy airline terminal, it is difficult (but important) to detect an unattended bag which appears…

Settore ING-INF/05 - Sistemi Di Elaborazione Delle Informazionibusiness.industryComputer scienceComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISIONScene statisticsObject (computer science)Object detectionObject-class detectionComputational efficiencyComputer networksSalientVideo trackingHuman visual system modelComputer visionViola–Jones object detection frameworkArtificial intelligencebusiness
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Best-corrected visual acuity and retinal thickness are associated with improved cortical visual processing in treated wet AMD patients

2015

Purpose In response to anti-VEGF treatment for wet AMD retinal anatomy and visual acuity is often remedied. In our previous study, we showed that visual evoked potentials (VEP) improve following successful anti-VEGF treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate, how visual acuity and retinal thickness changes are reflected in VEP parameters. Moreover, we wanted to assess the feasibility of VEP as a novel monitoring tool for wet AMD patients. Methods A total of 16 patients and six control subjects were enrolled in this study. Patients received three bevacizumab intravitreal injections. At the beginning of the study and four to 6 weeks after the last injection, the best-corrected visual…

MaleVascular Endothelial Growth Factor Amedicine.medical_specialtyVisual acuitygenetic structuresexudative age-related macular degenerationvisual acuityAngiogenesis InhibitorsVisual systemRetinaVisual processingchemistry.chemical_compoundOphthalmologyMedicineHumansVisual PathwaysProspective Studiesage-related eye diseasesProspective cohort studyAgedVisual CortexBest corrected visual acuityAged 80 and overRetinaoptical coherence tomographybusiness.industryRetinalta3141General MedicineOrgan Sizeeye diseasesta3125BevacizumabOphthalmologymedicine.anatomical_structureVisual cortexchemistryIntravitreal InjectionsWet Macular DegenerationOptometryEvoked Potentials VisualFemalesense organsmedicine.symptomvisual evoked potentialbusinessTomography Optical CoherenceActa Ophthalmologica
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Reduced reference 3D mesh quality assessment based on statistical models

2015

International audience; During their geometry processing and transmission 3D meshes are subject to various visual processing operations like compression, watermarking, remeshing, noise addition and so forth. In this context it is indispensable to evaluate the quality of the distorted mesh, we talk here about the mesh visual quality (MVQ) assessment. Several works have tried to evaluate the MVQ using simple geometric measures, However this metrics do not correlate well with the subjective score since they fail to reflect the perceived quality. In this paper we propose a new objective metric to evaluate the visual quality between a mesh with a perfect quality called reference mesh and its dis…

Gamma distribution[ INFO ] Computer Science [cs]Kullback–Leibler divergenceKullback-Leibler divergencestatistical modelingContext (language use)02 engineering and technologyhuman visual systemDatabases[SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics][ SPI ] Engineering Sciences [physics]0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringcomputational geometryPolygon mesh[INFO]Computer Science [cs]Divergence (statistics)MathematicsComputingMethodologies_COMPUTERGRAPHICSVisualizationbusiness.industry020207 software engineeringStatistical modelPattern recognitionstatistical distributionsDistortionGeometry processing3D triangle mesh[ SPI.TRON ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronicsimage processing[SPI.TRON]Engineering Sciences [physics]/ElectronicsHuman visual system modelMetric (mathematics)Solid modelingThree-dimensional displays020201 artificial intelligence & image processingDistortion measurementWeibull distributionArtificial intelligencebusinessobjective metricQuality assessment
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Anatomical correlate of positive spontaneous visual phenomena: a voxelwise lesion study.

2010

Objectives: Visual phenomena such as phosphenes, photopsias, or complex visual hallucinations occur in patients with lesions affecting the occipital, parietal, or temporal lobe. Whether these phenomena are provoked by lesions in specific anatomical regions is still uncertain. To determine which brain regions might be involved in such visual phenomena, we used new brain imaging and lesion analysis tools that allow a direct comparison with control patients. Methods: Visual phenomena were investigated in a total of 23 patients with acute infarctions along the visual pathways (6 patients with left-sided and 17 patients with right-sided lesions). Results: Ten of these 23 patients (43%) reported …

AdultMalegenetic structuresPhosphenesLesion studyVisual phenomenaVisual systemTemporal lobeNeuroimagingPhysiology (medical)medicineHumansVisual PathwaysAgedVisual CortexAged 80 and overBrain Mappingbusiness.industryCerebral InfarctionMiddle Agedeye diseasesVisual HallucinationPhosphenemedicine.anatomical_structureVisual cortexDisinhibitionFemaleNeurology (clinical)medicine.symptomVisual FieldsbusinessPsychologyNeuroscienceOptic radiationNeurology
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Chromatic and achromatic visual fields in relation to choroidal thickness in patients with high myopia: A pilot study

2018

Purpose. - To analyse the relationship between the choroidal thickness and the visual perception of patients with high myopia but without retinal damage. Methods. - All patients underwent ophthalmic evaluation including a slit lamp examination and dilated ophthalmoscopy, subjective refraction, best corrected visual acuity, axial length, optical coherence tomography, contrast sensitivity function and sensitivity of the visual pathways. Results. - We included eleven eyes of subjects with high myopia. There are statistical correlations between choroidal thickness and almost all the contrast sensitivity values. The sensitivity of magnocellular and koniocellular pathways is the most affected, an…

Adultmedicine.medical_specialtyVisual perceptiongenetic structuresColorPilot ProjectsVisual systemSeverity of Illness IndexContrast SensitivityOphthalmoscopyYoung Adult03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineOptical coherence tomographyOphthalmologyHigh myopiaMyopiamedicineHumansMotion perceptionContrast sensitivityColor Perception TestsColor Visionmedicine.diagnostic_testVisual pathwayChoroidbusiness.industryOrgan SizeMiddle AgedSubjective refractioneye diseasesVisual fieldOphthalmoscopyOphthalmologyKoniocellular cellChoroidal thickness030221 ophthalmology & optometrysense organsVisual FieldsbusinessVision fieldColor PerceptionTomography Optical Coherence030217 neurology & neurosurgery
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Delayed neonatal visual evoked potentials are associated to asymmetric growth pattern in twins

2020

Abstract Objectives To study the association between intrauterine growth and visual pathways maturation by neonatal visual evoked potentials (VEPs) in twins, in view of a possible prognostic role. Methods Seventy-four twin neonates from 37 pregnancies were selected based on gestational age of more than 30 weeks and uneventful perinatal clinical course. Flash VEPs were recorded at the same postmenstrual age in each twin pair. The association between P2 latency and anthropometric variables at birth was analyzed by comparison within each twin pair and regarding each variable as ordered difference between the two twins. Results Analysis of differences within each twin pair highlighted that inte…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtygenetic structuresTwinsSocio-culturaleVisual system050105 experimental psychologyFetal DevelopmentCorrelation03 medical and health sciencesChild Development0302 clinical medicinePhysiology (medical)Internal medicinemedicineHumansVisual Pathways0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesLatency (engineering)Visual evoked potential latencyPonderal IndexBody mass indexVisual Cortexbusiness.industry05 social sciencesInfant NewbornPostmenstrual AgeTwinGestational ageElectroencephalographyIntrauterine growthAnthropometryAsymmetric growthBody mass index; Intrauterine growth; Ponderal Index; Twins; Visual evoked potential latencySensory SystemsNeurologyCardiologyEvoked Potentials VisualFemaleNeurology (clinical)businessBody mass index030217 neurology & neurosurgeryClinical Neurophysiology
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Comparing oculomotor efficiency and visual attention between drivers and non-drivers through the Adult Developmental Eye Movement (ADEM) test: A visu…

2021

Objective The objective of this study was to assess and compare drivers’ and non-drivers’ outcomes in the Adult Developmental Eye Movement test (ADEM), a visual-verbal test that measures the time needed to read series of numbers in both a vertical and horizontal reading pattern. A set of driving parameters (i.e., experience, risk exposure, and day and night perceived difficulty) and demographic variables (i.e., age, gender, and academic level) were considered as potential predictors of the test performance. Methods For this cross-sectional study, 302 healthy subjects (age range 20 to 86 years old) completed a self-reported questionnaire aimed at retrieving data on the independent variables…

MaleVisual acuityEye MovementsLightVisionPhysiologyVisual SystemEpidemiologySensory PhysiologyVisual AcuitySocial SciencesAudiology0302 clinical medicineSociologyAtencióSurveys and QuestionnairesTask Performance and AnalysisMedicine and Health SciencesPsychologyAttentionmedia_commonVisual ImpairmentsAged 80 and overMultidisciplinary05 social sciencesQRMiddle AgedSensory SystemsTest (assessment)OftalmologíaMedicineSensory PerceptionFemalemedicine.symptomPsychologyResearch ArticleAdultAutomobile Drivingmedicine.medical_specialtymedia_common.quotation_subjectScienceEducationYoung Adult03 medical and health sciences0502 economics and businessLinear regressionmedicineOptometríaHumansVisual attentionVisióSet (psychology)Educational AttainmentNight VisionVision OcularAged050210 logistics & transportationVariablesCognitive PsychologyBiology and Life SciencesEye movementSaccadic maskingOphthalmologyCross-Sectional StudiesAge GroupsMedical Risk FactorsPeople and PlacesCognitive SciencePerceptionPopulation Groupings030217 neurology & neurosurgeryNeuroscience
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Non-linear Invertible Representation for Joint Statistical and Perceptual Feature Decorrelation

2000

The aim of many image mappings is representing the signal in a basis of decorrelated features. Two fundamental aspects must be taken into account in the basis selection problem: data distribution and the qualitative meaning of the underlying space. The classical PCA techniques reduce the statistical correlation using the data distribution. However, in applications where human vision has to be taken into account, there are perceptual factors that make the feature space uneven, and additional interaction among the dimensions may arise. In this work a common framework is presented to analyse the perceptual and statistical interactions among the coefficients of any representation. Using a recen…

Computer sciencebusiness.industryFeature vectormedia_common.quotation_subjectComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISIONPattern recognitionlaw.inventionLinear mapNonlinear systemInvertible matrixlawPerceptionHuman visual system modelArtificial intelligencebusinessDecorrelationmedia_common
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