Search results for "Vitis"
showing 10 items of 457 documents
An Optimized and Rapid DNA Extraction Method From Leaves of Grapevine Suitable for PCR-DGGE Based Analysis
2010
Molecular techniques and genetic studies require a fair amount of DNA of high quality in order to produce reliable and clear results (Li et al., 2007). In grapevine, the yield and quality of DNA can be significantly affected by secondary metabolites such as polyphenols, polysaccharides and tannins, that may be consistently abundant during the different stages of leaf development (Iandolino et al., 2004). The development of a simple, rapid and reliable method for the extraction of genomic DNA from grape leaves collected at several stages during development, as well as from healthy grape leaves and leaves infected by pathogenic microorganisms, was the main objective of this study. The protoco…
Biogenic amines in wines from three Spanish regions.
2005
One hundred and sixty-three wines from La Rioja, Utiel-Requena, and Tarragona were analyzed to determine if there were any differences in the concentrations of six biogenic amines that are found in these three regions. The influence of grape variety, type of vinification, wine pH, malolactic fermentation, and storage in bottle on biogenic amine concentrations was studied. Results show important differences in putrescine and histamine concentrations among regions, varieties of grape, and type of wine; differences were less appreciable for the remaining biogenic amines studied. Low pH prevented biogenic amine formation. Malolactic fermentation and short storage periods in bottle (3-6 months) …
Potentialités de croissance et de fertilité du bourgeon latent chez la vigne (<em>Vitis vinifera</em> L.), étude réalisée de l'initiation…
1986
<p style="text-align: justify;">Les potentialites de croissance et de fertilité du bourgeon latent de rang 6 (<em>Vitis vinifera</em> L, cépage Pinot noir) sont étudiées grâce à des techniques de forçage pratiquées au vignoble. Ces techniques sont appliquées au bourgeon latent depuis l'état méristématique jusqu'à son entrée en dormance.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Les potentialités de croissance importantes diminuent en même temps que la dormance s'installe.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Nous avons montré qu'il est possible d'obtenir une certaine fertilité à partir de bourgeons qui n'ont pas encore formé d'inflorescences au moment des fo…
Etude des relations criblo-vasculaires entre les différents organes de la tige de la vigne (<em>Vitis vinifera</em> L.)
1979
<p style="text-align: justify;">Etude de la structure vasculaire reliant à la tige les feuilles, vrilles, grappes et bourgeons et analyse des relations entre ces organes.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Sur un orthostique les organes de même nature ont au moins une relation entre eux ; vrilles et grappes sont en rapport direct avec feuilles et bourgeons ; il n'y a pas de communication entre feuilles et bourgeons.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">D'un orthostique à l'autre, feuilles, vrilles et grappes ne sont en relation que par les faisceaux latéraux foliaires. Les bourgeons des deux orthostiques sont anatomiquement indépendants.</p><p style="tex…
Grapevine decline in Italy caused by Lasiodiplodia theobromae
2008
The first report of a dieback of grapevine caused by Lasiodiplodia theobromae in Sicily (Italy) is given. About twelve per cent of the vines in the cv. Insolia vineyard surveyed, showed spur dieback, retarded growth and wood necrosis. Isolation trials and pathogenicity tests are briefl y reported, together with morphological, cultural and molecular characters on which identification was based.
Characterization of grapevine defense reactions and identification of elicitors : the endopolygalacturonase 1 from Botrytis cinerea, an avirulence fu…
2002
The fight against grapevine pathogens is mainly carried out by pesticides, the continued use of which is harmful to the environment and the health of users and consumers. The main organizations in charge of viticulture set as a priority the research and use of alternatives to chemical control. However, the genetic improvement of the vine is prohibited in AOC vineyards to preserve the varietal typicity, partly responsible for the quality of the wines. In addition, research undertaken some fifteen years ago reveals that plants have their own immune defenses, which they activate on contact with the microorganisms they recognize via molecules called elicitors. In this context, the objective of …
Biocontrol and biofertilizer activities of the Streptomyces anulatus S37: an endophytic actinomycete with biocontrol and plant-growth promoting activ…
2013
International audience
Evolution of microbiological and chemical parameters during red wine making with extended post-fermentation maceration.
2014
Abstract The aim of the present work was to investigate the microbiological, chemical, and sensory characteristics of red wine subjected to post-fermentation maceration that was extended to 90 days. For this purpose, the ‘Aglianico di Taurasi’ grape was used as a case study. The total yeast concentration increased until day 40 of maceration and decreased thereafter, whereas the concentration of lactic acid bacteria slightly increased. Dekkera/Brettanomyces spp. and acetic acid bacteria were not detected. The yeast community was composed of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Zygosaccharomyces bisporus, Metschnikowia pulcherrima, Hanseniaspora guilliermondii, Hanseniaspora uvarum, Pichia guilliermondi…
Foliar influences on the vegetative development of grapevine
1997
<p style="text-align: justify;">Various defoliation treatments were applied to grapevine shoots during the whole duration of the growth period: full defoliation of every shoot of vine, defoliations retaining a various number of adult leaves to the base of every shoot and defoliations retaining a various number of young leaves to the top. The effects of these treatments allow to identify the major foliar influences on the vegetative development. Total defoliation induced a lesser intemodal elongation. This result is probably due, in part, to a carbohydrates deficiency consecutive to this drastic treatment. The defoliations with variation of the number of young leaves showed that the le…
A combined treatment regimen for desquamative gingivitis in patients with oral lichen planus
2007
Background: Chronic desquamative gingivitis (DG) is a condition characterized by erythema, ulceration, and desquamation of the free and attached gingiva, usually expression of a district-systemic disease, such as oral lichen planus (OLP). Methods: A combined protocol of oral hygiene and topic corticosteroid therapy was applied in 30 patients with DG associated with OLP. Plaque index (PI) and bleeding on probing (BoP) were evaluated at baseline and after 3 months. Results: PI scoring was significantly lower after treatment in anterior, posterior, and all sites (P < 0.0001) as well as in vestibular and lingual ones (P < 0.0001 and P = 0.0001, respectively). BoP measures were found to be re…