Search results for "Void"

showing 10 items of 435 documents

Motivation, Burnout, and Engagement During Critical Transitions from School to Work

2012

Educational transitions and the transition from school to working life present substantial challenges for youth in modern societies. This chapter presents results from two longitudinal studies, the FinEdu study and Helsinki Longitudinal Student Study (HELS), in which young people were followed for several years during critical educational transitions. These longitudinal studies focus on how engagement and burnout change and what role these two factors play during transitions, as well as investigating the effect of motivation and the strategies young people apply during their studies. The FinEdu study presents findings on how young people navigate their educational transitions from comprehen…

Further educationWorking life4. EducationWork engagementTransition (fiction)05 social sciences050301 education050109 social psychologyBurnoutComprehensive schoolWork (electrical)Pedagogy0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesPsychology0503 educationTask avoidance
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La grande incisione

2020

The Fossa della Garofala is a dramatic depression in the center of the city of Palermo. The essay illustrates a vision of this "piece of landscape within the city" A design workshop has dealt with this issue. The graphic work by the group of students lead by architect Michele Sbacchi is illustrated.

GarofalaVoidSettore ICAR/14 - Composizione Architettonica E UrbanaUrban project
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Cultural environments and the appointment of females directors on boards: An analysis from a global perspective

2020

This is the pre-peer reviewed version of the following article: Cultural environments and the appointment of female directors on boards: An analysis from a global perspective, which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1002/csr.2065. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Versions. Hofstede's six cultural dimensions (power distance, individualism, masculinity, uncertainty avoidance, long‐term orientation and indulgence) has received little attention concerning the presence of female directors on boards. Moreover, past research has only focussed on four or five of these six cultural dimensi…

Gender diversityStrategy and Managementmedia_common.quotation_subjectwomen on boardsManagement Monitoring Policy and LawDevelopment0603 philosophy ethics and religionAffect (psychology)Individualism0502 economics and businessHofstede's cultural dimensions theoryInstitutional theoryinstitutional theorycultural dimensionsmedia_commoncultural contextsUncertainty avoidance05 social sciencesPerspective (graphical)06 humanities and the artsEmpreses Direcció i administracióMasculinity060301 applied ethicsBusinessSocial psychology050203 business & management
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Weak warning signals can persist in the absence of gene flow.

2019

Significance With our comprehensive set of field (model survival), laboratory (controlled learning, palatability, toxin analysis), and molecular data, we provide evidence that polymorphism can persist in an aposematic population, despite expectations of positive frequency-dependent selection. We show that this can happen if prey species carrying a strong signal can exploit predator learning to elicit broad avoidance of many signals, even if predators only have experience with a single signal. This could allow novel signals to be protected within a population of aposematic prey. Thus, under the expectations of broad generalization coupled with limited gene flow, weak aposematic signals can p…

Gene FlowunpalatabilityBehavior AnimalEvolutionfood and beveragesGenetic VariationBiological SciencesBiological EvolutionModels BiologicalpolymorphismAnimal Communicationfrequency-dependent selectionGenetics PopulationPhenotypePNAS PlusPredatory BehaviorAvoidance LearningAnimalsaposematismAnuraChickensAnimals Poisonoussecondary defensesProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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Similar Performance of Diploid and Haploid Males in an Ant Species without Inbreeding Avoidance

2013

AbstractUnder haplodiploidy, a characteristic trait of all Hymenoptera, femalesdevelop from fertilised eggs, and males from unfertilised ones. Males aretherefore typically haploid. Yet, inbreeding can lead to the production ofdiploid males that often fail in development, are sterile or are of lowerfertility. In most Hymenoptera, inbreeding is avoided by dispersal flightsof one or both sexes, leading to low diploid male loads. We investigatedcauses for the production of diploid males and their performance in ahighly inbred social Hymenopteran species. In the ant Hypoponera opacior,inbreeding occurs between wingless sexuals, which mate within themother nest, whereas winged sexuals outbreed dur…

GeneticsOutbreeding depressionfungiZoologyHymenopteraBiologybiology.organism_classificationNestSexual selectionHaplodiploidyInbreeding avoidanceAnimal Science and ZoologyMatingInbreedingreproductive and urinary physiologyEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsEthology
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Reliability Analysis of a Controlled Stage-Constructed and Reinforced Embankment on Soft Ground Using 2D and 3D Models

2020

Geosynthetic reinforcement has become a very practical technique to improve geotechnical structure safety. In spite of improved soil behavior, structures are affected by uncertainties related to soil and reinforcement material properties. This paper aims to present a reliability analysis in order to take statistical information (uncertainties) into account in a safety analysis of reinforced embankments. The analysis was used in a case study on a controlled stage-constructed embankment on soft ground in order to investigate its probabilistic stability. Modeling was performed by commercial geotechnical software usage (GeoStudio and RocScience packs, SIGMA/W+SLOPE/W and SLIDE³, respectively) a…

Geography Planning and Development0211 other engineering and technologiessoft ground020101 civil engineering02 engineering and technologyStability (probability)0201 civil engineeringESTRUTURASlcsh:HT165.5-169.9Probabilistic analysis of algorithmsReliability (statistics)Mathematicsembankment021110 strategic defence & security studiesreliabilitybusiness.industryBuilding and ConstructionStructural engineeringgeosyntheticslcsh:City planningsensitivityFirst-order reliability methodUrban StudiesVoid ratiolcsh:TA1-2040GeosyntheticsbusinessMaterial propertieslcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)Random variableFrontiers in Built Environment
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Testing a new health indicator: using avoidable causes of death and life expectancy for Spain between 1975-1986.

1993

The concept of avoidable cause of death serves as the basis for measuring the quality and diversity of a health care system. In this study the authors propose a new way to use this kind of mortality by combining with the concept of life expectancy to obtain what they call "life expectancy free of avoidable mortality" (LEFAM). This indicator was 76.9 in 1986 in Spain while life expectancy was 75.83. If these deaths were avoidable there would be a gain of 1.09 years per person born. There is an important difference between the would-be male gain of 1.76 years and the would-be female gain of 0.6. In the ecological study, LEFAM would better explain the year to year changes of the resources in t…

GerontologyAdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyAdolescentEpidemiologyAvoidable mortalityLife ExpectancyCause of DeathHealth careEpidemiologymedicineHealth Status IndicatorsHumansLife TablesChildCause of deathQuality of Health Carebusiness.industryPublic healthInfantMiddle AgedHealth indicatorCausalitySpainChild PreschoolLife expectancyFemalebusinessEuropean journal of epidemiology
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Long-term effects of delayed motherhood in mice on postnatal development and behavioural traits of offspring

2003

BACKGROUND: Some epidemiological evidence tentatively suggests that children born to older parents may have lower intellectual development and maturity than children whose parents are younger. This study aims to analyse the long-term effects of delayed motherhood in mice on postnatal development and behavioural traits later in life. METHODS: Hybrid females, either at the age of 10 weeks or 51 weeks, were individually housed with a randomly selected 12-14 week old hybrid male. After a postweaning resting period of 1 week, dams were caged again with a new randomly selected 12-14 week old male. This sequence of events was repeated until old females reached the end of their reproductive life. R…

GerontologyIntellectual developmentOffspringPhysiologyMorris water navigation taskReproductive BehaviorGrowthMotor ActivityBiologyDiscrimination LearningMicePregnancySensorimotor integrationAvoidance LearningAnimalsHumansAdvanced maternal ageYoung adultMaze LearningBehavior AnimalReproductionRehabilitationReproductive lifeObstetrics and GynecologyMice Inbred C57BLReproductive MedicineAgeingModels AnimalMice Inbred CBAFemaleMaternal AgeHuman Reproduction
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Young adults personal concerns during the COVID-19 pandemic in Finland: an issue for social concern

2020

PurposeThis study focuses on how young adults face the COVID-19 pandemic by investigating their personal concerns about mental well-being, career/studies and economic situation. The authors investigated how young adults' (aged 18–29) personal concerns differ from older people's concerns (aged 30–65) and which person- and context-related antecedents relate to personal concerns.Design/methodology/approachData of Finnish young adults aged 18–29 (n = 222), who participated in the “Corona Consumers” survey (N = 1,000) in April 2020, were analyzed by path analysis and compared to participants aged 30–65 by independent samples t-test.FindingsYoung adults were significantly more concerned about the…

Gerontologyfinancial situationYouthInequalityCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)task avoidanceSociology and Political Sciencemedia_common.quotation_subjectUNITED-STATESDETERMINANTSFUTURE ORIENTATIONhenkinen hyvinvointiAGEPersonal concerns0502 economics and businessPandemic0501 psychology and cognitive sciences050207 economicsYoung adultopinnotPath analysis (statistics)life satisfactionmedia_commonnuoret aikuisetWORKyouthEMERGING ADULTHOOD05 social sciencesLife satisfactionCOVID-19EDUCATIONhuolestuneisuusTask avoidanceFinancial situationMental healthYouth empowermentFAMILYtaloudellinen tilapersonal concernstyytyväisyysGENERALIZED TRUSTLife satisfaction516 Educational sciencesPsychologyMENTAL-HEALTHGeneral Economics Econometrics and Finance050104 developmental & child psychologyInternational Journal of Sociology and Social Policy
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Gestational exposure to cocaine alters cocaine reward

2006

Exposure of the developing foetus to drugs of abuse during pregnancy may lead to persistent abnormalities of brain systems involved in drug addiction. Mice prenatally exposed to cocaine (25 mg/kg), physiological saline or non-treated during the last 7 days of pregnancy were evaluated in adulthood for the rewarding properties of cocaine (3, 25 and 50 mg/kg), using the conditioned place preference procedure. Dams treated with physiological saline gained significantly less weight over the course of gestation than controls; no other differences were observed in the maternal and offspring data. All the animals developed preference to 3 and 25 mg/kg of cocaine, but those treated prenatally with c…

Gestational exposureOffspringmedia_common.quotation_subjectPhysiologySocial EnvironmentChoice BehaviorCocaine-Related DisordersMiceCocaineRewardPregnancyOrientationConditioning PsychologicalAvoidance LearningmedicineAnimalsmedia_commonPharmacologyMotivationFetusPregnancyDose-Response Relationship DrugAddictionAssociation LearningBrainmedicine.diseaseConditioned place preferencePsychiatry and Mental healthPrenatal Exposure Delayed EffectsAnesthesiaGestationFemaleBrain stimulation rewardCuesPsychologyBehavioural Pharmacology
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