Search results for "Voltinism"
showing 5 items of 5 documents
Rapid adaptation to high temperatures in Chironomus riparius
2018
AbstractEffects of seasonal or daily temperature variation on fitness and physiology of ectothermic organisms and their ways to cope with such variations have been widely studied. However, the way multivoltines organisms cope with temperature variations from a generation to another is still not well understood and complex to identify. The aim of this study is to investigate whether the multivoltine midgeChironomus ripariusMeigen (1803) responds mainly via acclimation as predicted by current theories, or if rapid genetic adaptation is involved. To investigate this issue, a common garden approach has been applied. A mix of larvae from five European populations was raised in the laboratory at …
Assembling and testing a generic phenological model to predict Lobesia botrana voltinism for impact studies.
2020
13 pages; International audience; The physiological development of insect pests is driven by temperature and photoperiod. Geographic variations in the speed of growth reflect current patterns in thermal conditions as a function of latitude and altitude. Global warming will likely lead to shifts in pests’ phenology. Insects are expected to overwinter earlier and develop more generations, with implications for the risks of damage to agricultural crops. Understanding and monitoring of the voltinism of insect pests will be increasingly important to anticipate critical phases of pest development and devise options for adapting pest control measures. In this study, we describe a new generic pheno…
Winter feeding leads to a shifted phenology in the browntail moth Euproctis chrysorrhoea on the evergreen strawberry tree Arbutus unedo
2010
1 The browntail moth Euproctis chrysorrhoea is a highly polyphagous univoltine forest pest. Although its young larvae usually overwinter in diapause from early autumn to the beginning of spring, winter larval feeding has been reported when this species feeds on the evergreen woody shrub strawberry tree Arbutus unedo. 2 The present study investigated life-history traits of four populations of E. chrysorrhoea feeding on A. unedo, including phenology of the different life stages, larval feeding activity and diapause incidence. By modelling the relationship between larval size and host plant leaf persistence, elevation and mean annual temperature, we also studied larval development in ten popul…
Effect of temperature on the duration of sensitive period and on the number of photoperiodic cycles required for the induction of reproductive diapau…
2013
Abstract Correct timing of the induction of photoperiodic reproductive diapause has been found to play an important role in the life cycle of several northern insect species. However, even when the environmental conditions are favourable for diapause, the switch to diapause can only take place when the females are in a proper developmental and physiological stage, referred to as the sensitive period (SP) for diapause. We have previously shown that in a northern fly species, Drosophila montana, the developmental pathway of the ovaries (direct maturation vs. diapause) is determined by photoperiodic cues that the females receive after eclosion. Here, we have studied the effects of temperature …
Photoperiodic regulation of life-history traits before and after eclosion: egg-to-adult development time, juvenile body weight and reproductive diapa…
2012
Photoperiod is the main environmental cue used by northern insects to predict the forthcoming seasonal changes and to adjust their life-history traits to fit these changes. We studied the effects of photoperiod on egg-to-adult development time, juvenile body mass and female reproductive diapause in two northern Drosophila montana populations with different patterns of voltinism. The most interesting findings were consistent between the populations: (1) when maintained before eclosion in short day conditions, representing early autumn, the flies developed faster and were lighter than when maintained in long day conditions, representing early summer, (2) photoperiodic time measurement is appa…