Search results for "Volume"

showing 10 items of 1932 documents

On the arithmetic and geometry of binary Hamiltonian forms

2011

Given an indefinite binary quaternionic Hermitian form $f$ with coefficients in a maximal order of a definite quaternion algebra over $\mathbb Q$, we give a precise asymptotic equivalent to the number of nonequivalent representations, satisfying some congruence properties, of the rational integers with absolute value at most $s$ by $f$, as $s$ tends to $+\infty$. We compute the volumes of hyperbolic 5-manifolds constructed by quaternions using Eisenstein series. In the Appendix, V. Emery computes these volumes using Prasad's general formula. We use hyperbolic geometry in dimension 5 to describe the reduction theory of both definite and indefinite binary quaternionic Hermitian forms.

AMS : 11E39 20G20 11R52 53A35 11N45 15A21 11F06 20H10representation of integersHyperbolic geometry20H10Geometry15A2101 natural sciencesHyperbolic volume[MATH.MATH-GR]Mathematics [math]/Group Theory [math.GR]11E39 20G20 11R52 53A35 11N45 15A21 11F06 20H10symbols.namesake11E390103 physical sciencesEisenstein seriesCongruence (manifolds)group of automorphs0101 mathematics20G20Quaternion11R52[MATH.MATH-GR] Mathematics [math]/Group Theory [math.GR]Mathematicsreduction theoryDiscrete mathematicsAlgebra and Number TheoryQuaternion algebraMathematics - Number TheorySesquilinear formta111010102 general mathematicsHamilton-Bianchi groupHermitian matrix53A35[MATH.MATH-NT]Mathematics [math]/Number Theory [math.NT]11F06[MATH.MATH-DG]Mathematics [math]/Differential Geometry [math.DG]symbols010307 mathematical physicsMathematics::Differential Geometry[MATH.MATH-DG] Mathematics [math]/Differential Geometry [math.DG]Hamilton–Bianchi group11N45binary Hamiltonian formhyperbolic volume[MATH.MATH-NT] Mathematics [math]/Number Theory [math.NT]
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Quantification of atelectatic lung volumes in two different porcine models of ARDS.

2006

BACKGROUND: Cyclic recruitment during mechanical ventilation contributes to ventilator associated lung injury. Two different pathomechanisms in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are currently discussed: alveolar collapse vs persistent flooding of small airways and alveoli. We compare two different ARDS animal models by computed tomography (CT) to describe different recruitment and derecruitment mechanisms at different airway pressures: (i) lavage-ARDS, favouring alveolar collapse by surfactant depletion; and (ii) oleic acid ARDS, favouring alveolar flooding by capillary leakage. METHODS: In 12 pigs [25 (1) kg], ARDS was randomly induced, either by saline lung lavage or oleic acid (…

ARDSPulmonary AtelectasisVentilator-associated lung injurySwinemedicine.medical_treatmentBlood PressureLung injurySodium ChlorideImage Processing Computer-AssistedMedicineAnimalsLung volumesContinuous positive airway pressureMechanical ventilationRespiratory Distress SyndromeLungContinuous Positive Airway Pressurebusiness.industryPulmonary Gas ExchangeRespiratory diseaserespiratory systemmedicine.diseaserespiratory tract diseasesPulmonary AlveoliDisease Models AnimalAnesthesiology and Pain Medicinemedicine.anatomical_structureAnesthesiabusinessLung Volume MeasurementsTomography X-Ray ComputedOleic AcidBritish journal of anaesthesia
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Do ventilatory parameters influence outcome in patients with severe acute respiratory infection? Secondary analysis of an international, multicentre1…

2021

Purpose: To investigate the possible association between ventilatory settings on the first day of invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) and mortality in patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) with severe acute respiratory infection (SARI). Materials and methods: In this pre-planned sub-study of a prospective, multicentre observational study, 441 patients with SARI who received controlled IMV during the ICU stay were included in the analysis. Results: ICU and hospital mortality rates were 23.1 and 28.1%, respectively. In multivariable analysis, tidal volume and respiratory rate on the first day of IMV were not associated with an increased risk of death; however, higher driving pr…

ARDSSoins intensifs réanimationmedicine.medical_treatmentAirway pressuresPEEP positive end-expiratory pressureCritical Care and Intensive Care Medicinelaw.inventionHypoxemiaCohort StudiesPositive-Pressure RespirationMechanical ventilationSARI severe acute respiratory infectionlawHospital MortalityProspective StudiesIQR interquartile rangesProspective cohort studyRCT randomized controlled trialTidal volumeSOFA Sequential Organ Failure AssessmentSAPS Simplified Acute Physiology ScoreIntensive care unitVCV volume-controlled ventilationHIV human immunodeficiency virusIntensive Care UnitsIC GLOSSARI Intensive Care Global Study on Severe Acute Respiratory Infectionmedicine.symptomCohort studyLOS length of staymedicine.medical_specialtyVt tidal volumeCOPD Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseNYHA New York Heart Association.PCV pressure-controlled ventilationArticleInternal medicineICU Intensive Care UnitSIMV Synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilationmedicineTidal VolumeHumansDP driving pressurePEEPARDS acute respiratory distress syndromeMechanical ventilationbusiness.industryOdds ratioPneumoniaPlateau pressuremedicine.diseaseRespiration ArtificialVILI ventilator induced lung injuryCI confidence intervalOR odds ratioIMV invasive mechanical ventilationCPAP continuous positive airway pressureARDSbusinessSD standard deviationECMO extracorporeal membrane oxygenationPBW predicted body weightPplat plateau pressure
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Indefinite integrals involving the incomplete elliptic integral of the third kind

2016

ABSTRACTA substantial number of new indefinite integrals involving the incomplete elliptic integral of the third kind are presented, together with a few integrals for the other two kinds of incomplete elliptic integral. These have been derived using a Lagrangian method which is based on the differential equations which these functions satisfy. Techniques for obtaining new integrals are discussed, together with transformations of the governing differential equations. Integrals involving products combining elliptic integrals of different kinds are also presented.

Abelian integralCarlson symmetric formQuarter periodApplied MathematicsMultiple integral010102 general mathematicsMathematical analysisTrigonometric integral010103 numerical & computational mathematics01 natural sciencesJacobi elliptic functionsVolume integralLegendre formApplied mathematics0101 mathematicsAnalysisMathematicsIntegral Transforms and Special Functions
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Kurzweil-Henstock type integral on zero-dimensional group and some of its application

2008

A Kurzweil-Henstock type integral on a zero-dimensional abelian group is used to recover by generalized Fourier formulas the coefficients of the series with respect to the characters of such groups, in the compact case, and to obtain an inversion formula for multiplicative integral transforms, in the locally compact case.

Abelian integralGeneral MathematicsMathematical analysisMathematics::Classical Analysis and ODEsElementary abelian groupSingular integralLocally compact groupKurzweil-Henstock type integral zero-dimensional groupVolume integralSettore MAT/05 - Analisi MatematicaImproper integralNoncommutative harmonic analysisDaniell integralMathematics
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Rat proximal tubule D-glucose transport as a function of concentration, flow, and radius

1972

From earlier microperfusion studies ofD-glucose and water reabsorption in the proximal surface nephron of the rat,D-glucose was found to be removed by a saturable carrier and by an apparent coupling with net fluid reabsorption. Equations appropriate to describe this system were developed. They incorporated carrier-mediatedD-glucose transport, net water transport, and water-coupled solute transport. Water reabsorption was assumed to be constant either per unit surface area, or per unit volume of the nephron, and the rate of carrier-transportedD-glucose was assumed constant per unit length, per unit surface area, or per unit volume of the tubule. The possibility thatD-glucose could be reabsor…

Absorption (pharmacology)medicine.medical_specialtyPhysiologyClinical BiochemistryBiological Transport ActiveRenal functionNephronAbsorptionchemistry.chemical_compoundD-GlucosePhysiology (medical)Internal medicinemedicineAnimalsWater transportReabsorptionChemistryWaterRatsPerfusionGlucoseKidney TubulesTubuleEndocrinologymedicine.anatomical_structureVolume (thermodynamics)BiophysicsGlomerular Filtration RatePflügers Archiv European Journal of Physiology
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Impact of viewing distance on relative depth judgements for stimuli in physical space

2019

In natural viewing, numerous depth cues are available to the visual system, but their significance varies considerably depending on the viewing distance. How is it reflected in the outcome of depth judgements? We have designed a psychophysical experiment with a limited number of depth cues to examine distance-related changes in the correct response rate and time. Twenty young adults evaluated relative depth of stimuli in physical space. Each time four constant angular size achromatic stimuli were presented on a volumetric multi-planar display. One of these stimuli was demonstrated closer to the observer comparing to others. The experiment followed the four-interval forced-choice procedure. …

Achromatic lenslawAngular diameterPhysical spaceStatisticsRelative depthResponse timeVolumetric displayDepth perceptionCorrect responselaw.inventionMathematicsLight in Nature VII
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Some observations on the determination of total heavy metals in sewage sludge by atomic absorption spectrophotometry after a pressurized acid digesti…

1990

Abstract An economical and simple method for the flame atomic absorption spectrometric determination of Cd, Pb, Ni, Cu, Fe, and Zn in sewage sludges is described. Samples are treated with concentrated HNO 3 in a thermal oven using Pyrex glass tubes hermetically sealed with Bakelite screw caps. The effect of the digestion parameters, such as digestion time, acid volume, sample mass, and temperature, were studied. The precision and accuracy of this procedure were evaluated by the analysis of two BCR (Community Bureau of Reference, European Communities) certified sewage sludge samples (CRM 146 and 144).

Acid digestionChemistrybusiness.industryAnalytical chemistrySewageHeavy metalsAnalytical Chemistrylaw.inventionchemistry.chemical_compoundDigestion (alchemy)Volume (thermodynamics)lawBakelitebusinessAtomic absorption spectroscopySpectroscopySludgeNuclear chemistryMicrochemical Journal
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Symptom variability and control in COPD: Advantages of dual bronchodilation therapy

2017

Abstract Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous disorder characterized by usually progressive development of airflow obstruction that is not fully reversible. While most patients will experience symptoms throughout the day or in the morning upon awakening, many patients do not experience their symptoms as constant but report variability in symptoms during the course of the day or over time. Symptom variability adversely affects patients' health status and increases the risk of COPD exacerbations. Methods We examined data from the literature on symptom variability and control in patients with COPD, with focus on the use of inhaled bronchodilator therapy wi…

Aclidinium; Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Dual bronchodilator therapy; Formoterol; Lung function; Symptom variability; Pulmonary and Respiratory MedicineAclidiniumHealth StatusVital CapacityHealth StatuPulmonary Disease Chronic Obstructive0302 clinical medicineForced Expiratory VolumeFormoterol FumarateBronchodilatorBronchodilationFormoterol030212 general & internal medicineAclidinium; Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Dual bronchodilator therapy; Formoterol; Lung function; Symptom variability; Administration Inhalation; Adrenergic beta-2 Receptor Agonists; Bronchodilator Agents; Disease Progression; Dose-Response Relationship Drug; Drug Therapy Combination; Forced Expiratory Volume; Formoterol Fumarate; Health Status; Humans; Muscarinic Antagonists; Pulmonary Disease Chronic Obstructive; Quality of Life; Treatment Outcome; Tropanes; Vital CapacityLung functionCOPDbiologyChronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseTropaneLamaBronchodilator AgentsMuscarinic AntagonistTreatment OutcomeInhalationAdministrationCombinationDisease ProgressionDrug Therapy CombinationDrugHumanmedicine.drugAdrenergic beta-2 Receptor AgonistPulmonary and Respiratory MedicineChronic Obstructivemedicine.medical_specialtymedicine.drug_classSymptom variabilitySocio-culturaleMuscarinic AntagonistsSettore MED/10 - Malattie Dell'Apparato RespiratorioDose-Response RelationshipPulmonary Disease03 medical and health sciencesDrug TherapyAdministration InhalationmedicineHumansIntensive care medicineAdrenergic beta-2 Receptor AgonistsBronchodilator AgentDose-Response Relationship Drugbusiness.industryMuscarinic antagonistDual bronchodilator therapymedicine.diseasebiology.organism_classificationLung functionrespiratory tract diseasesAclidinium; Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Dual bronchodilator therapy; Formoterol; Lung function; Symptom variability; Administration Inhalation; Adrenergic beta-2 Receptor Agonists; Bronchodilator Agents; Disease Progression; Dose-Response Relationship Drug; Drug Therapy Combination; Forced Expiratory Volume; Formoterol Fumarate; Health Status; Humans; Muscarinic Antagonists; Pulmonary Disease Chronic Obstructive; Quality of Life; Treatment Outcome; Tropanes; Vital Capacity; Pulmonary and Respiratory MedicineDual bronchodilation030228 respiratory systemQuality of LifeFormoterolbusinessTropanesRespiratory Medicine
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Prediction of Maxwell – Stefan diffusion coefficients in polymer – multicomponent fluid systems

2014

Abstract Calculations of mass fluxes in multicomponent fluids based on the system of generalized Maxwell–Stefan equations (GMSE) is preferably used because Maxwell–Stefan (M–S) diffusion coefficients are symmetrical and have a clear physical meaning, as they reflect the binary friction forces between compounds in the system. For the calculation of the mass transport of a multicomponent fluid in the polymer basing on GMSE, it is necessary to have M–S diffusion coefficients. This paper proposes a method that allows their calculation using widely available self-diffusion coefficients and binary diffusion coefficients for infinitely diluted mixtures. The proposed method was compared with the me…

Activity coefficientMolar concentrationChemistryDiffusionThermodynamicsFiltration and SeparationMole fractionBiochemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundMaxwell–Stefan diffusionVinyl acetateGeneral Materials ScienceDiffusion; Multicomponent; Polymer; Free volume; Maxwell–StefanPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryTernary operationMass fractionJournal of Membrane Science
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