Search results for "Vortex"

showing 10 items of 244 documents

Energy and temperature of superfluid turbulent vortex tangles

2007

We consider three aspects of turbulent vortex tangles in superfluids. First, we outline some contributions to the Vinen’s equation for the time evolution of the vortex line density, related to the presence of pinned vortices incorporating the effects of the walls. Afterwards, we analyze some aspects of the energy balance of the vortex tangle, related to frictional dissipation and to vortex formation and destruction. Finally, we explore the concept of an effective temperature for the vortex tangle, related to the average energy of the vortex loops and to the diffusion coefficient of vortex lines. The combination of these ideas suggests some formal similarities with other kinds of driven none…

Quantum fluidPhysicsTurbulenceNon-equilibrium thermodynamicsDissipationCondensed Matter PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsVortexSuperfluidityClassical mechanicsCondensed Matter::SuperconductivityVortex stretchingBurgers vortexSettore MAT/07 - Fisica MatematicaQuantum turbulence. Superfluid helium. Vinen equation.Physical Review B
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Incommensurate phases of a bosonic two-leg ladder under a flux

2016

A boson two--leg ladder in the presence of a synthetic magnetic flux is investigated by means of bosonization techniques and Density Matrix Renormalization Group (DMRG). We follow the quantum phase transition from the commensurate Meissner to the incommensurate vortex phase with increasing flux at different fillings. When the applied flux is $\rho \pi$ and close to it, where $\rho$ is the filling per rung, we find a second incommensuration in the vortex state that affects physical observables such as the momentum distribution, the rung-rung correlation function and the spin-spin and charge-charge static structure factors.

Quantum phase transitionBosonizationBosonisation[PHYS.COND.GAS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Quantum Gases [cond-mat.quant-gas]IncommensurationsFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and Astronomychamps de jauge artificiels01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmasPhysics and Astronomy (all)Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated ElectronsCorrelation functionGauge fieldsCondensed Matter::Superconductivity0103 physical sciencesBosonizationtranstion commensurable-incommensurable010306 general physicsCommensurate-Incommensurate transitions[PHYS.COND.CM-MSQHE]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect [cond-mat.mes-hall]BosonPhysicsCondensed Matter::Quantum GasesStrongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)Condensed matter physicsartificial gauge fieldsDensity matrix renormalization groupGauge fields; Incommensurations; Meissner to vortex transition; Physics and Astronomy (all)Vortex stateMagnetic fluxVortexQuantum gases. Strongly coupled many-particle systems. Reduced dimensionality.Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)Meissner to vortex transitionCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsCondensed Matter - Quantum GasesQuantum gases. Strongly coupled many-particle systems. Reduced dimensionality
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Sub 500 nm refractory carbonaceous particles in the polar stratosphere

2017

Abstract. Eleven particle samples collected in the polar stratosphere during SOLVE (SAGE III Ozone loss and validation experiment) from January until March 2000 were characterized in detail by high-resolution transmission and scanning electron microscopy (TEM/SEM) combined with energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis. A total number of 4175 particles (TEM = 3845; SEM = 330) was analyzed from these samples which were collected mostly inside the polar vortex in the altitude range between 17.3 and 19.9 km. By particle volume, all samples are dominated by volatile particles (ammonium sulfates/hydrogen sulfates). By number, approximately 28–82 % of the particles are refractory carbonaceous with si…

Range (particle radiation)OzoneHydrogenAnalytical chemistryMineralogychemistry.chemical_elementMicroanalysischemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryPolar vortexddc:550ParticleCarbonRefractory (planetary science)
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The lift computation for an oscillating flat plate in incompressible potential flow

1994

The initial aim of this work was the estimation of the lift acting on a flat plate performing small oscillations in a plane uniform stream by means of a simplified model based on one or at the most two lumped vortices, and the assessment of its results by comparison to those that were exact. The model was found to work well up to a reduced frequency of about 1 or 2, above which the results diverged from those that were correct. In order to improve the model, its behaviour at very high frequencies was then investigated, discovering: (i) that if the number of lumped vortices is greater than one the possibility to impose all boundary conditions is subject to certain geometrical constraints; (i…

Reduced frequencyLift (data mining)Mechanical EngineeringMathematical analysisGeometryCondensed Matter PhysicsIntegral equationVortexSingularityMechanics of MaterialsIncompressible flowPotential flowBoundary value problemMathematicsMeccanica
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Melt flow instability and vortex structures in Czochralski growth under steady magnetic fields

2002

Abstract The hydrodynamics of melt motion in the CZ-process of silicon single crystal growth in axial and axial–radial magnetic fields is studied using a physical model. The modeling liquid is eutectics InGaSn. Most attention is paid to the problem of flow stability. A multi-channel system gathering data is used to define the pattern and dynamics of velocity disturbances. Instant spatial distributions of the electric potential induced by motion in the melt are obtained. Temporal evolution of the instant distributions in vertical and horizontal planes of the working volume is under investigation.

Renewable Energy Sustainability and the EnvironmentChemistryFlow (psychology)Energy Engineering and Power TechnologyCrystal growthMechanicsStability (probability)InstabilityMagnetic fieldVortexFuel TechnologyClassical mechanicsNuclear Energy and EngineeringElectric potentialMelt flow indexEnergy Conversion and Management
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SUNRISE/IMaX observations of convectively driven vortex flows in the Sun

2010

We characterize the observational properties of the convectively driven vortex flows recently discovered on the quiet Sun, using magnetograms, Dopplergrams and images obtained with the 1-m balloon-borne Sunrise telescope. By visual inspection of time series, we find some 3.1e-3 vortices/(Mm^2 min), which is a factor of 1.7 larger than previous estimates. The mean duration of the individual events turns out to be 7.9 min, with a standard deviation of 3.2 min. In addition, we find several events appearing at the same locations along the duration of the time series (31.6 min). Such recurrent vortices show up in the proper motion flow field map averaged over the time series. The typical vertica…

Rotation periodPhysicsProper motionFOS: Physical sciencesAstronomy and AstrophysicsAstrophysicsVorticityRotationVortexPhysics::Fluid DynamicsAstrophysics - Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsSpace and Planetary ScienceSunriseDifferential rotationAstrophysics::Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsClockwiseSolar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
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Non-equilibrium thermodynamics, heat transport and thermal waves in laminar and turbulent superfluid helium

2018

This review paper puts together some results concerning non equilibrium thermodynamics and heat transport properties of superfluid He II. A one-fluid extended model of superfluid helium, which considers heat flux as an additional independent variable, is presented, its microscopic bases are analyzed, and compared with the well known two-fluid model. In laminar situations, the fundamental fields are density, velocity, absolute temperature, and heat flux. Such a theory is able to describe the thermomechanical phenomena, the propagation of two sounds in liquid helium, and of fourth sound in superleak. It also leads in a natural way to a two-fluid model on purely macroscopical grounds and allow…

Second soundPhysicsNon-equilibrium thermodynamicsCondensed matter physicsQuantum turbulenceQuantum vortexGeneral Physics and AstronomySuperfluid filmQuantum turbulence01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmasVortexPhysics::Fluid DynamicsHeat waveHeat fluxHeat transfer0103 physical sciencesSecond soundHeat transferQuantized vorticeSuperfluid helium010306 general physicsSettore MAT/07 - Fisica MatematicaSuperfluid helium-4Physics Reports
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Particle Suspension in Vortexing Unbaffled Stirred Tanks

2016

Three-phase processes in which particle suspension has to be achieved in conjunction with gas dispersion are traditionally carried out in sparged, baffled stirred tanks. The operation of such tanks can suffer, however, from particles tending to block the sparger holes. A viable alternative might be provided by uncovered unbaffled stirred tanks (UUSTs), where gas self-injection can occur when the free-surface vortex reaches the impeller blades and gas bubbles begin to be ingested by the liquid. In this work, the particle suspension and liquid aeration performances in three-phase UUSTs were experimentally investigated and compared with relevant literature correlations concerning baffled syste…

Settore ING-IND/26 - Teoria Dello Sviluppo Dei Processi ChimiciChromatographyMaterials scienceGeneral Chemical EngineeringSettore ING-IND/25 - Impianti ChimiciUnbaffled02 engineering and technologyGeneral ChemistryParticle suspensionMechanics021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyIndustrial and Manufacturing EngineeringVortexImpellerStirred tank020401 chemical engineering0204 chemical engineeringAerationsolid-liquid suspensions0210 nano-technologySuspension (vehicle)Gas dispersionSpargingVortex
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Power Consumption in Uncovered Unbaffled Stirred Tanks: Influence of the Viscosity and Flow Regime

2013

Notwithstanding the increasing industrial interest toward unbaffled tanks, available experimental information on their behavior is still scant, even for basic quantities such as the mechanical power drawn. In this work, the influence of the Reynolds and Froude numbers on the power consumption characteristics is presented for unbaffled stirred tanks operating both in nonaerated conditions (subcritical regime) and in aerated conditions (supercritical regime), i.e., when the free surface vortex has reached the impeller and the gas phase is ingested and dispersed inside the reactor. Experimental results obtained at various liquid viscosities show that power numbers obtained in subcritical condi…

Settore ING-IND/26 - Teoria Dello Sviluppo Dei Processi ChimiciMaterials scienceUnbaffled tankSettore ING-IND/25 - Impianti ChimiciGeneral Chemical EngineeringFlow (psychology)ThermodynamicsPower numberIndustrial and Manufacturing EngineeringPhysics::Fluid DynamicsImpellersymbols.namesakeViscosityBioreactorsFroude numberUNBAFFLED STIRRED VESSELSPower NumberMIXINGGeneral ChemistryMechanicsSupercritical fluidVortexFree surfacesymbolsPower demandMultiphase Reactor
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Studies in thermal and dynamical duality

2011

Settore MAT/07 - Fisica MatematicaT-duality vortex loops cosmic string loops electromagnetic radiation
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