Search results for "Voter"
showing 8 items of 18 documents
Ar mangānu aktivētā cinka sulfīda nanomateriālu sintēze
2021
“Ar mangānu aktivētā cinka sulfīda nanomateriālu sintēze”. Dile M., zinātniskā vadītāja M. Sc. Eng. Laganovska K. Bakalaura darbs, 53 lapas, 29 attēli, 6 tabulas, 79 literatūras avoti, 5 pielikumi. Latviešu valodā. Darbā tika sintezēti neaktivēti un ar mangānu aktivēti nanomateriāli ar dažādām koncentrācijām, (0,5; 1,0; 1,5; 2,0 at%), izmantojot solvotermālo un mikroviļņu asistēto solvotermālo metodi. Reakciju veica etilēnglikola vidē, kā cinka avotu izmantoja cinka hlorīdu un cinka acetātu, bet par sēra avotu izmantoja nātrija sulfīda nonahidrātu un tiourīnvielu. Elementu sastāvu noteica ar enerģijas dispersīvo rentgenstaru spektroskopiju, savukārt struktūru un morfoloģisko īpašību noteikš…
Assessing uncertainty of voter transitions estimated from aggregated data. Application to the 2017 French presidential election
2020
[EN] Inferring electoral individual behaviour from aggregated data is a very active research area, with ramifications in sociology and political science. A new approach based on linear programming is proposed to estimate voter transitions among parties (or candidates) between two elections. Compared to other linear and quadratic programming models previously published, our approach presents two important innovations. Firstly, it explicitly deals with new entries and exits in the election census without assuming unrealistic hypotheses, enabling a reasonable estimation of vote behaviour of young electors voting for the first time. Secondly, by exploiting the information contained in the model…
From equilibrium to chaos and back : methodological evaluation of research of the majority rule
2000
According to the canonical model situated at the heart of the " economic " - or, as the political scientists prefer to call it, rational-choice - theory of (democratic) politics, whenever the matter to be decided raises, or consists of, at least two distinct issues, it is generally impossible to reach a determinate decision by using the majority rule. This problem, referred to as that of disequilibrium, equilibrium instability, or even"chaos", was first underplayed and then deemed ominous to the point of seriously undermining the development prospects of the whole theory. However, more recently, the concern it was the source o f until the 1980s has given way to a state of renewed confidence…
Practicing Ballot Secrecy : Postal Voting and the Witness Requirement at the 2019 Finnish Elections
2021
Electoral rights belong to the core of citizenship in democratic nation-states. Voting, then, represents an actualization of the relationship between the citizen and the political community. For citizens living outside the country in which they are eligible to vote, voting signifies a rare institutional connection to the country of origin. The aim of this article is to explore the introduction of the postal vote, a new form of voting for external voters at Finnish elections, from the grassroots perspective. The study focuses on how a central policy concern, safeguarding ballot secrecy, was resolved in the policy implementation by the witness requirement, and how the individual voters subseq…
Signed, Sealed, and Delivered with Trust: Non-Resident Citizens’ Experiences of Newly Adopted Postal Voting
2021
The COVID-19 pandemic has made it clear that the traditional “booth, ballot, and pen” model of voting, based on a specific location and physical presence, may not be feasible during a health crisis. This situation has highlighted the need to assess whether existing national electoral legislation includes enough instruments to ensure citizens’ safety during voting procedures, even under the conditions of a global pandemic. Such instruments, often grouped under the umbrella of voter facilitation or convenience voting, range from voting in advance and various forms of absentee voting (postal, online, and proxy voting) to assisted voting and voting at home and in hospitals and other healthcare …
Signed, Sealed, and Delivered with Trust: Non-Resident Citizens’ Experiences of Newly Adopted Postal Voting
2021
The COVID-19 pandemic has made it clear that the traditional “booth, ballot, and pen” model of voting, based on a specific location and physical presence, may not be feasible during a health crisis. This situation has highlighted the need to assess whether existing national electoral legislation includes enough instruments to ensure citizens’ safety during voting procedures, even under the conditions of a global pandemic. Such instruments, often grouped under the umbrella of voter facilitation or convenience voting, range from voting in advance and various forms of absentee voting (postal, online, and proxy voting) to assisted voting and voting at home and in hospitals and other healthcare …
How representative are referendums? Evidence from 20 years of Swiss referendums
2017
Direct democracy allows citizens to reverse decisions made by legislatures and even initiate new laws which parliaments are unwilling to pass, thereby, as its proponents argue, leading to more representative policies than would have obtained under a purely representative democracy. Yet, turnout in referendums is usually lower than in parliamentary elections and tends to be skewed towards citizens of high socio-economic status. Consequently, critics of direct democracy argue that referendum outcomes may not be representative of the preferences of the population at large. We test this assertion using a compilation of post-referendum surveys encompassing 148 national referendums held in Switze…