Search results for "Vulcano"

showing 10 items of 469 documents

Impact on Air Quality of the COVID-19 Lockdown in the Urban Area of Palermo (Italy).

2020

At the end of 2019, the first cases of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) were reported in Wuhan, China. Thereafter, the number of infected people increased rapidly, and the outbreak turned into a national crisis, with infected individuals all over the country. The COVID-19 global pandemic produced extreme changes in human behavior that affected air quality. Human mobility and production activities decreased significantly, and many regions recorded significant reductions in air pollution. The goal of our investigation was to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on the concentrations of the main air pollutants in the urban area of Palermo (Italy). In this study, the trends in the average…

2019-20 coronavirus outbreak010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)Urban PopulationHealth Toxicology and MutagenesisPneumonia ViralAir pollutionlcsh:Medicine010501 environmental sciencesUrban areamedicine.disease_cause01 natural sciencesArticleSettore BIO/01 - Botanica GeneralelockdownAir pollutantsEnvironmental healthAir PollutionmedicineHumansAir quality indexPandemics0105 earth and related environmental sciencesgeographygeography.geographical_feature_categorylcsh:RPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthOutbreakCOVID-19Particulatesair qualityurban environmentCO–NO2–O3–PM10Settore GEO/08 - Geochimica E VulcanologiaAir quality COVID-19 CO–NO2–O3–PM10 Lockdown Urban environmentItalyQuarantineEnvironmental scienceCoronavirus InfectionsInternational journal of environmental research and public health
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Thermomineral waters of Greece: geochemical characterization

2020

75 °C). In terms of pH most results vary from 5.5 to 823 °C) ii) warm (23 40 °C) iii) thermal (40 75 °C) and iv) hyperthermal (&gtfew springs show either very low pH (&lt10) proposing serpentinization processes. Regarding TDS concentrations collected waters can be subdivided into low salinity (up to 1.5 g/L) brackish (up to 20 g/L) and saline (up to 43 g/L). The medium high salinities can be justified by mixing with sea water and/or strong waterrock interaction processes. Isotope composition of O and H ranges from 12.7 to +2.7 ‰ SMOW and from 91 to +12 ‰ SMOW respectively and is generally comprised between the Global Meteoric Water Line and the East Mediterranean Meteoric Water Line. Only few water samples show a positive shift for δ18O possibly related to high temperature waterrock interaction processes. Carbon dioxide (18 997000 μmol/mol) or N2 (1100 989000 μmol/mol) or CH4 (&ltMany geothermal areas of Greece are located in regions affected by Miocene or Quaternary volcanism and in continental basins characterised by elevated heat flow. Moreover the majority of them is found along the coast as well as in islands of the Aegean Sea and thus thermal water is often brackish to saline due to marine intrusion into costal aquifer. In the present study almost 300 thermal and cold mineral water samples were collected along the Hellenic territory with their physicochemical parameters (temperature pH electrical conductivity and Eh) and the amount of bicarbonates (titration with 0.1N HCl) being determined in situ. Additionally gases found either in free or dissolved phase were sampled. Both water and gas samples were analysed at the INGVPa laboratories for major ions (Ion Chromatography) silica (Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry) chemical composition of free and dissolved gases (Gas Chromatography) water isotopes (O and H) and carbon and helium isotopes of free and dissolved gases (Mass Spectrometry). The temperature of the investigated waters ranges from 6.5 to 98°C pH from 1.96 to 11.98 whilst Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) from 0.06 to 43 g/L. Based on the temperature parameter waters can be divided into four groups: i) cold (&lt0.5 913000 μmol/mol) are the prevailing gas species found in the studied sites. The δ13CCO2 values ranged from 20.1 to +8.5 ‰ whilst the isotope ratio of He from 0.21 to 6.71 R/RA.4) suggesting interaction with H2Srich gases or very high pH values (&gtSettore GEO/08 - Geochimica E Vulcanologia
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Trace elements in scalp hair samples from patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis

2015

Background Epidemiological studies have suggested a possible role of trace elements (TE) in the etiology of several neurological diseases including Multiple Sclerosis (MS). Hair analysis provides an easy tool to quantify TE in human subjects, including patients with neurodegenerative diseases. Objective To compare TE levels in scalp hair from patients with MS and healthy controls from the same geographic area (Sicily). Methods ICP-MS was used to determine the concentrations of 21 elements (Ag, Al, As, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Li, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Rb, Sb, Se, Sr, U, V and Zn) in scalp hair of 48 patients with relapsing–remitting Multiple Sclerosis compared with 51 healthy controls. Results MS …

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyPercentilePathologylcsh:MedicineGastroenterologyIndirect evidenceMultiple sclerosisMultiple Sclerosis Relapsing-RemittingInternal medicinemedicineHuman scalp hairHumanslcsh:ScienceAgedTrace elementsMultidisciplinaryExpanded Disability Status ScaleScalpChemistryMultiple sclerosisSignificant differenceHair analysislcsh:RMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseRubidiumTrace ElementsSettore GEO/08 - Geochimica E Vulcanologiamedicine.anatomical_structureRelapsing remittingScalpUraniumFemalelcsh:QAluminumHairResearch Article
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Constraints on mantle source and interactions due to He-Ar isotope variations in Marsili seamount and eastern Aeolian Volcanic Arc (Panarea and Strom…

2011

AeolianPanareaVolcanic ArcStromboliHe-ArisotopeSettore GEO/08 - Geochimica E Vulcanologia
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COARSEMAP: synthesis of observations and models for coarse-mode aerosols

2017

Coarse mode aerosols influence Earth's climate and biogeochemistry by interacting with long-wave radiation, promoting ice nucleation, and contributing important elements to biogeochemical cycles during deposition. Yet coarse mode aerosols have received less emphasis in the scientific literature. Here we present first efforts to globally synthesize available mass concentration, compositionand optical depth data and modeling for the coarse mode aerosols (<10 μm) in a new project called "COARSEMAP" (http://www.geo.cornell.edu/eas/PeoplePlaces/Faculty/mahowald/COARSEMAP/). We seek more collaborators who have observational data, especially including elemental or composition data, and/or who a…

Aerosols and particles ATMOSPHERIC COMPOSITION AND STRUCTURESettore GEO/08 - Geochimica E Vulcanologia
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Case study: inorganic pollutants associated with particulate matter from an area near a petrochemical plant.

2004

The area of Gela (Sicily, Italy) contains one of the largest petroleum refineries in Europe and also has several oil fields both on land and offshore. This paper discusses how the oil refinery and traffic-related air pollution affect the chemical composition of airborne particulate matter over the town of Gela, using pine needles and urban road dust as the means of survey. Forty-one samples of pine needles from Pinus halepensis (Mill.) and two composite samples of roadway dust, each subdivided into six size fractions, were analyzed for major and trace elements. Information on the natural or anthropogenic origin of the observed heavy metals was deduced from factor analysis and element distri…

Air pollutionAir pollutionmedicine.disease_causeBiochemistryExtraction and Processing IndustryMetals in airchemistry.chemical_compoundPhenolsMetals HeavymedicineCitiesParticle SizeChemical compositionAir quality indexSicilyGeneral Environmental ScienceVehicle EmissionsPollutantAir PollutantsOil refineryBiogeochemistryDustBiogeochemistryParticulatesPinusSettore GEO/08 - Geochimica E VulcanologiaPlant LeavesIndustrial emissionchemistryEnvironmental chemistryPetroleumEnvironmental scienceParticulate matterEnvironmental MonitoringEnvironmental research
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Dust, Metals and Metalloids in the Environment: From Air to Hair .

2013

Billions tons of particulate matter, made up of inorganic and organic compounds, are released every year into the atmosphere, from both anthropogenic and natural sources. The latter, which include geogenic material from erosion, agriculture, sea spray and volcanic activity, account for about 97% of the total mass of particles. The contribution of anthropogenic sources, about 3%, is more pronounced in industrialised and also in urban areas, where vehicular traffic is one of the most important sources. When examining the health impact, in addition to mass level and size, two other main characteristics of particulate matter need to be considered: its nature and chemical composition. These para…

Air pollutionParticulatesSea spraymedicine.disease_causeMetals Metalloids Air lead isotope HairNatural (archaeology)Settore GEO/08 - Geochimica E VulcanologiaAtmosphereEnvironmental chemistrymedicineErosionEnvironmental scienceMetalloidChemical composition
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Millennial-scale phase relationships between ice-core and Mediterranean marine records: insights from high-precision 40Ar/39Ar dating of the Green Tu…

2013

International audience; With the advent of annually-resolved polar ice records extending back to 70 ka, marine and continental paleoclimate studies have now matured into a discipline where high-quality age control is essential for putting on an equal pace layer-counted timescale models and Late Quaternary sedimentary records. High-resolution U-Th dating of speleothem records and 40Ar/39Ar dating of globally recorded geomagnetic excursions have recently improved the time calibration of Quaternary archives, reflecting the cross-disciplinary effort made to synchronize the geologic record at the millennial scale. Yet, tie-points with such an absolute age control remain scarce for paleoclimatic …

Archeology010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesMarker horizonAr/Ar dating[SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global ChangesRadioisotopic timescale010502 geochemistry & geophysicsGeologic record01 natural scienceslaw.inventionPaleontologyIce corelawAbsolute dating[SDU.STU.VO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/VolcanologyGreen Tuff14. Life underwaterRadiocarbon datingTephraEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsRadioisotopic timescale Green Tuff Pantelleria Tephrochronology Ar/Ar dating0105 earth and related environmental sciencesGlobal and Planetary ChangeSettore GEO/07 - Petrologia E PetrografiaGeologySettore GEO/08 - Geochimica E VulcanologiaTephrochronologyQuaternaryTephrochronologyGeologyPantelleria
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Degassing and Cycling of Mercury at Nisyros Volcano (Greece)

2019

Nisyros Island (Greece) is an active volcano hosting a high-enthalpy geothermal system. During June 2013, an extensive survey on Hg concentrations in different matrices (fumarolic fluids, atmosphere, soils, and plants) was carried out at the Lakki Plain, an intracaldera area affected by widespread soil and fumarolic degassing. Concentrations of gaseous elemental mercury (GEM), together with H2S and CO2, were simultaneously measured in both the fumarolic emissions and the atmosphere around them. At the same time, 130 samples of top soils and 31 samples of plants (Cistus creticus and salvifolius and Erica arborea and manipuliflora) were collected for Hg analysis. Mercury concentrations in fum…

Article Subjectchemistry.chemical_element010501 environmental sciences010502 geochemistry & geophysics01 natural sciencesVolcanic degassing Mercury Cycle GreeceSoil pHCistusCalderaErica arborea0105 earth and related environmental sciencesgeographygeography.geographical_feature_categorybiologylcsh:QE1-996.5Mercury15. Life on landbiology.organism_classificationMercury (element)Settore GEO/08 - Geochimica E Vulcanologialcsh:GeologyCistus creticuschemistryVolcano13. Climate actionEnvironmental chemistrySoil waterGeneral Earth and Planetary SciencesEnvironmental scienceGeofluids
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Preliminary investigation into temporal variation of volcanic ash adherent water-soluble components at Stromboli volcano during 2004-2009 eruptive ac…

2009

A change in the chemical compositions of volcanic gases is one of the noticeable phenomena that frequently occurs prior to an eruption. Tephra in plumes can absorb and thereby rapidly deposit volatiles including sulphur, halogen and metal species. These may then be leached (e.g. by rainfall), potentially releasing heavy loads into soils and water bodies. Their analysis is a suitable supplement for remote monitoring of volcanic gases from inaccessible volcanoes. Freshly fallen ashes of the eruptive activity from 2004 to 2009 at Stromboli volcano were sampled, leached and analysed for major and trace elements. This study is aimed at determining the causes of the compositional variations of th…

Ash-leachatesulphur.volcanic plumetephraSettore GEO/08 - Geochimica E Vulcanologia
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