Search results for "Vulnerability"

Paternal and Maternal Transition to Parenthood: The Risk of Postpartum Depression and Parenting Stress

2015

Transition to parenthood represents an important life event increasing vulnerability to psychological disorders. Postpartum depression and parenting distress are the most common psychological disturbances and a growing scientific evidence suggests that both mothers and fathers are involved in this developmental crisis. This paper aims to explore maternal and paternal experience of transition to parenthood in terms of parenting distress and risk of postpartum depression. Seventy-five couples of first-time parents were invited to compile the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and the Parenting Stress Index-Short Form in the first month of children life. Study sample reported very high level…

Afghanistan: Why Has Violence Replaced Political Power?

2012

The hypothesis from which Chap. 4 stems, and which I will try to confirm through this article, is that in Afghanistan it has been the international factors (albeit interacting with internal dynamics) which have had a particular hand in intensifying the conflicts and the process of State decomposition. On top of the underlying and undeniable structural weakness and external vulnerability of the Afghan State (a matter addressed in sects 4.1 and 4.2), the international interventions from the Afghan-Soviet war to the 2001 invasion, the lack of interest shown by the international community in consolidating peace in Afghanistan during the 1990s, and especially the numerous errors made by the inte…

Validity of Brief Scales for Assessing Transdiagnostic Cognitive Emotion Regulation Strategies in Primary Care Patients With Emotional Disorders

2021

Abstract. Cognitive emotion regulation strategies have been proposed as an explanation for transdiagnostic vulnerability to emotional disorders, which are highly prevalent in the primary care setting. The use of brief psychological instruments to detect cognitive-emotional factors – such as worry, rumination, interpretative and attentional distortions, and metacognitions – could provide valuable clinical data to better guide treatment in primary care. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of four brief scales derived from the full versions of four assessment instruments (PSWQ, RRS, IACTA, and MCQ-30). The brief scales were completed by 1,250 primary care …

La legittimità costituzionale dei reati di favoreggiamento e reclutamento della prostituzione: note a margine di Corte cost. 141/19

2020

The Italian Constitutional Court (141/2019) rejected the issue on the constitutional legitimacy of the crimes of "recruitment" and "aiding and abetting" prostitution, as proposed by the Court of Appeal of Bari. Nevertheless, the causal links between the behavior of facilitating prostitution and the dangers to freedom, security and dignity of the prostitutes are questionable.

The analysis of the concept of vulnerability on the International legal framework on Human Trade

2018

The establishment of the Trafficking1 and the Smuggling Protocol2 has brought to the surface the importance of the concept of vulnerability. However, the Protocols have not given a precise definition to the concept of vulnerability, in order to perceive a practical application on legal grounds. In 2005, the Council of Europe tries to delimit the definition’s gap of such concept, through the Convention of Warsaw3, giving a more exact definition of the concept. The present article intends to analyse the evolution and the application of this concept on the international legal framework on Human trafficking and Smuggling of migrants.

Personality traits as indicators of vulnerability to schizophrenia

1993

Perceived Vulnerability to Disease Questionnaire: Factor structure, psychometric properties and gender differences

2016

Abstract The evolutionary psychological approach links evolved mechanisms of disease-avoidance to prejudices against individuals perceived as a threat to health. Perceived vulnerability to disease works as an adaptive strategy which explains why individuals perceived as a source of contagion are avoided. The self-report Perceived Vulnerability to Disease Questionnaire, PVDQ, is one of the most widely used to measure subjective vulnerability to disease, however, neither test–retest reliability has been studied nor has factor structure been confirmed so far in this questionnaire. In the present study, a sample of 878 participants completed the PVDQ. Subsamples also completed different scales …

The influence of risk factors on the onset and outcome of psychosis: What we learned from the GAP study

2020

The GAP multidisciplinary study carried out in South London, recruited 410 first episode of psychosis patients and 370 controls; the aim was to elucidate the multiple genetic and environmental factors influencing the onset and outcome of psychosis. The study demonstrated the risk increasing effect of adversity in childhood (especially parental loss, abuse, and bullying) on onset of psychosis especially positive symptoms. Adverse life events more proximal to onset, being from an ethnic minority, and cannabis use also played important roles; indeed, one quarter of new cases of psychosis could be attributed to use of high potency cannabis. The “jumping to conclusions” bias appeared to mediate …

Online Positive Interventions to Promote Well-being and Resilience in the Adolescent Population: A Narrative Review

2017

Numerous studies have shown an alarming prevalence of depression, anxiety, and behavior disorders in youth. Thus, prevention of psychological problems in this population becomes crucial. According to the World Health Organization (1), prevention should also include the promotion and development of the individual’s strengths in order to reduce vulnerability to suffering from mental disorders. In addition, other key elements of prevention are the reach, adoption, implementation, and maintenance of interventions. The information and communication technologies, especially the Internet, have much to offer in terms of the prevention and promotion of positive mental health in adolescents. This pap…

Geoethics and dimensions of vulnerability in Central Africa: the case study of the Democratic Republic of the Congo

2021

<abstract> <p>This article aims to analyse the dimensions of vulnerability in the complex territorial ecosystem of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, considering some substantial geoethical considerations and guidelines, usefull for the resolution of crisis situation. A thematic analysis was carried out on a gathering of secondary data and testimonies. Specifically, the paper will examine the modalities by which the mitigation process of the various vulnerabilities can be realized if implemented in synergy with some geoethical key points. This could contribute to the disaster risk reduction in DRC. Therefore, this paper will ascertain how the promotion of an environmental and…