Search results for "WAF"

Crack formation and cleaving of sapphire with ultrafast bessel beams

2017

Sapphire is a transparent crystalline dielectric of high hardness with many important applications, specifically to the next-generation touchscreens and to the LED growth, as substrates. However, sapphire cutting by ablative techniques is rather slow therefore fast material separation techniques are needed. Material separation by “stealth dicing” has been recently developed, it is based on material cleaving along a plane weakened by multiple ultrafast laser illuminations. This allows usually generating taper-free cutting and avoids material loss. However, the illuminated plane needs small spacing between the shot to shot (typically a few μm) and long damages inside the bulk. This requires l…

Los pasados políticos de Grass / Ridruejo

2006

Diffusion in slice preparations bathed in unstirred solutions

1987

A diffusion model is described here, which allows for the estimations of drug concentration changes in porous media, such as in slice tissues of the central nervous system (CNS) bathed in unstirred solutions following abrupt changes of drug concentration. This model may be used for the interpretation of data obtained in neuropharmacological studies if (i) the diffusion coefficient of the molecules under investigation is constant within the excised tissue, (ii) drug molecules are diffusing only in the extracellular space (ECS) and are not bound by the tissue, (iii) drug molecules diffuse mainly within one dimension, (iv) the drug concentration in the bath is changed within 5 s, and (v) the b…

Evaluation of adhesion forces for the manipulation of micro-objects in submerged environment through deposition of pH responsive polyelectrolyte laye…

2016

Optimization of surface treatment for reversible adhesion of micro-objects in liquid environment for the need in microassembly processes is presented. A spherical borosilicate probe and planar oxidized silicon wafer substrates were modified by deposition of pH sensitive polyelectrolyte films through layer-by-layer technique. Branched polyethylenimine (b-PEI) and poly(sodium styrenesulfonate) (PSS) were deposited in alternating manner on surfaces, and the influence of polyelectrolyte concentration, pH of deposition, and number of layers on the adhesion were successively examined. The multilayer buildup was followed by optical reflectometry (OR) and dissipative quartz crystal microbalance (QC…

Gabor filtering for feature extraction on complex images: application to defect detection on semiconductors

2006

AbstractThis paper is an extension of previous work on the image segmentation of electronic structures on patterned wafers to improve the defect detection process on optical inspection tools. Die-to-die wafer inspection is based upon the comparison of the same area on two neighbourhood dies. The dissimilarities between the images are a result of defects in this area of one of the dies. The noise level can vary from one structure to the other, within the same image. Therefore, segmentation is needed to create a mask and apply an optimal threshold in each region. Contrast variation on the texture can affect the response of the parameters used for the segmentation. This paper shows a method of…

2018

We present the design, fabrication and characterization of long-range surface plasmon polariton waveguide arrays with materials, mainly silicones, carefully selected with the aim to be used as mechanically flexible single-mode optical interconnections, the so-called “plasmonic arc” working at 1.55µm. The fabricated plasmonic arcs show a TM/TE polarization ratio of ~25 dB. By using the cut-back method, the straight propagation loss at 1.55µm is estimated to 0.5-1 dB/mm and coupling loss to ~1-2 dB/facet after dicing. In the free-standing S-curved configuration, the bending loss of single cladding plasmonic arc is 2.2-2.8 dB/90° at bending radius 2.5 mm. For double cladding plasmonic arcs, it…

The role of p21Waf1/CIP1 as a Cip/Kip type cell-cycle regulator in oral squamous cell carcinoma (Review)

2013

Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) is biologically characterized by the accumulation of multiple genetic and molecular alterations that end up clinically characterized as a malignant neoplasm through a phenomenon known as multistep. The members of the Cip/Kip family, specifically p21 Waf 1/CIP1 , are responsible for cell cycle control, blocking the transition from phase G1 to phase S. We made a search of articles of peer-reviewed Journals in PubMed/ Medline, crossing the keywords. The goal of this paper is to determine the relationship between p21 Waf 1/ CIP1 expression and several clinical and pathological aspects of OSCC, their relationship with p53 and HPV, as well as genetic alteration…

Prognostic Significance of Histopathological Grading and Immunoreactivity for p53 and p21/WAF1 in Grade 2 pTa Transitional Cell Carcinoma of …

2001

At present, there are no predictors of tumour behaviour for grade (G) 2 pTa transitional cell carcinomas (TCC) of the bladder. Here we analyse the prognostic relevance of histopathological grading and the immunohistochemical detection of p53 and p21/WAF1.70 patients were newly diagnosed with G2 pTa TCC of the bladder based on transurethral resection specimens. Two pathologists, blinded with respect to the clinical outcome, confirmed the initial grade and subclassified the G2 lesions into G2a and G2b carcinomas based on the degree of nuclear atypia and the number of mitoses. Immunoreactivity for p53 and p21/WAF1 was evaluated semiquantitatively.There were 52 G2a and 18 G2b tumours, mean foll…

Dažu tīmekļa ugunsmūru salīdzinājums

2016

Pētot, ievācot informāciju un aprakstot darbu par tēmu “Dažu tīmekļa ugunsmūru salīdzinājums” autors pētīja, kas ir tīmekļa programmatūras ugunsmūri un to darbības principus, kā arī dažus tīmekļa programmatūras ugunsmūrus, tieši izvēloties un liekot lielāku uzsvaru uz trīs izvēlētiem – Modsecurity, Naxsi un SecureSphere tīmekļa programmatūras ugunsmūriem un to risinājumiem. Autors šajā darbā veica katra risinājuma izpēti, to savstarpējo salīdzināšanu, apskatot, kādi ir šo risinājumu plusi un mīnusi, ar ko ir jāsaskaras uzņēmumiem un tā lietotājiem. Veicot šo salīdzinājumu, tika izdarīti secinājumi, kurš no apskatītajiem tīmekļa programmatūras ugunsmūra risinājumiem ir labāks.

Patterned wafer segmentation

2003

This paper is an extension of our previous work on the image segmentation of electronic structures on patterned wafers to improve the defect detection process on optical inspection tools. Die-to-die wafer inspection is based upon the comparison of the same area on two neighborhood dies. The dissimilarities between the images are a result of defects in this area of one of the die. The noise level can vary from one structure to the other, within the same image. Therefore, segmentation is needed to create a mask and apply an optimal threshold in each region. Contrast variation on the texture can affect the response of the parameters used for the segmentation. This paper shows a method to antic…