Search results for "WASTE"
showing 10 items of 2580 documents
Determination of extremely low (236)U/(238)U isotope ratios in environmental samples by sector-field inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry usi…
2005
A method by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was developed which allows the measurement of (236)U at concentration ranges down to 3 x 10(-14)g g(-1) and extremely low (236)U/(238)U isotope ratios in soil samples of 10(-7). By using the high-efficiency solution introduction system APEX in connection with a sector-field ICP-MS a sensitivity of more than 5,000 counts fg(-1) uranium was achieved. The use of an aerosol desolvating unit reduced the formation rate of uranium hydride ions UH(+)/U(+) down to a level of 10(-6). An abundance sensitivity of 3 x 10(-7) was observed for (236)U/(238)U isotope ratio measurements at mass resolution 4000. The detection limit for (236)U a…
New Trends in Urban Drainage Modelling
2019
This book addresses the latest research advances, innovations, and applications in the field of urban drainage and water management as presented by leading researchers, scientists and practitioners from around the world at the 11th International Conference on Urban Drainage Modelling (UDM), held in Palermo, Italy from 23 to 26 September, 2018. The conference was promoted and organized by the University of Palermo, Italy and the International Working Group on Data and Models, with the support of four of the world’s leading organizations in the water sector: the International Water Association (IWA), International Association for Hydro-Environment Engineering and Research (IAHR), Environmenta…
DESIGN, MODELING, AND FABRICATION OF THERMOELECTRIC GENERATOR FOR WASTE HEAT RECOVERY IN LOCAL PROCESS INDUSTRY
2017
Master's thesis Renewable Energy ENE500 - University of Agder 2017 The waste heat from energy company consumption sectors, when rejected into atmosphere, are useless and it contributes to global warming. Nowadays industrial activities and energy sectors (power stations, oil refineries, coke ovens, etc.) are the most energy consuming sectors worldwide and, consequently, the responsible for the release of large quantities of industrial waste heat to the environment by means of hot exhaust gases, cooling media and heat lost from hot equipment surfaces and heated products. Recovering and reusing these waste heats would provide an attractive opportunity for a low-carbon and less costly energy re…
Sorting and recycling of waste in Latvia in the context of circular economy goals
2020
Nepаreizа sаdzīves аtkritumu iznīcināšаnа ir rаdījusi lielu kаitējumu videi, kаs ir viens no gаlvenаjiem cēloņiem аugstаjаm piesārņojumа līmenim Eiropā. Līdz аr to Eiropаs Komisijа ir izstrādājusi аprites ekonomikаs plānu, kurā ir detаlizēti norādītаs аtkritumu аpsаimniekošаnаs vаdlīnijаs pārejаi uz аprites ekonomiku. Mаģistrа dаrbа mērķis ir novērtēt аtkritumu аpsаimniekošаnаs jomаs аttīstībаs progresu un tendences nākotnē un noteikt, vаi Lаtvijа spēs sаsniegt Eiropаs Komisijаs izvirzītos аprites ekonomikаs pаketes аtkritumu pārstrādes un аpglаbāšаnаs mērķus. Аr iedzīvotāju аptаuju аnаlīzi un lаikа rindu prognozēšаnu tikа konstаtēts, kа Lаtvijā neizdosies sаsniegt аprites ekonomikаs izvirz…
Atkritumu apsaimniekošanas alternatīvu ekonomiskais izvērtējums.
2017
Maģistra darba “Atkritumu apsaimniekošanas alternatīvu ekonomikas izvērtējums” mērķis ir veikt atkritumu apsaimniekošanas alternatīvu ekonomikas izvērtējumu, lai varētu noteikt Latvijai piemērotu un ekonomiski pamatotu atkritumu apsaimniekošanas alternatīvu, kas nodrošinātu Eiropas Savienības direktīvās noteikto mērķu mājsaimniecības atkritumu pārstrādei un apglabāšanas samazināšanas mērķu sasniegšanu 2030.gadā. Izstrādājot maģistra darbu, tika izvērtētas iespējamās metodes atkritumu apsaimniekošanas alternatīvu ekonomikas izvērtējumam. Tika veikta trīs atkritumu apsaimniekošanas alternatīvu ekonomikas izvērtējums, izmantojot izmaksu – ieguvumu analīzi un ekspertu aptauju. Pamatojoties uz v…
Use of neurofuzzy networks to improve wastewater flow-rate forecasting
2009
A neurofuzzy wastewater flow-rate forecasting model (NFWFFM) has been developed and tested with actual data measured at the input of two wastewater treatment facilities which treat the wastewater corresponding to 150,000 and 1,250,000p.e., respectively. Good agreements between forecasted and actual flow-rates were obtained. The artificial intelligence algorithm uses only two input variables (day of the week and average daily flow-rate of day before) and one output variable (predicted average daily flow-rate). Using three months data for training the network, a long-term forecast (one month) is made with average errors below 10%. Results were compared with those obtained by applying the Cens…
Improved route planning and scheduling of waste collection and transport
2006
The collection of waste is a highly visible and important municipal service that involves large expenditures. Waste collection problems are, however, one of the most difficult operational problems to solve. This paper describes the optimization of vehicle routes and schedules for collecting municipal solid waste in Eastern Finland. The solutions are generated by a recently developed guided variable neighborhood thresholding metaheuristic that is adapted to solve real-life waste collection problems. Several implementation approaches to speed up the method and cut down the memory usage are discussed. A case study on the waste collection in two regions of Eastern Finland demonstrates that sign…
Spatial and temporal distribution of SARS-CoV-2 diversity circulating in wastewater
2022
Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) has proven to be an effective tool for epidemiological surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 during the current COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, combining WBE together with high-throughput sequencing techniques can be useful for the analysis of SARS-CoV-2 viral diversity present in a given sample. The present study focuses on the genomic analysis of SARS-CoV-2 in 76 sewage samples collected during the three epidemiological waves that occurred in Spain from 14 wastewater treatment plants distributed throughout the country. The results obtained demonstrate that the metagenomic analysis of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater allows the detection of mutations that define the B.1.1.…
VEGF and Notch Signaling in Angiogenesis
2015
The vascular system is responsible for providing every cell in vertebrate organisms with a sufficient supply of oxygen and nutrients, allowing waste disposal as well as transmitting immune responses among other functions. Thus, every tissue and organ requires an efficient network of blood vessels, which can be formed de novo (vasculogenesis) or from existing vessels (angiogenesis). The onset of the latter, namely endothelial cell (EC) sprouting, is the focus of this chapter. EC sprouting starts with the differentiation of ECs into guiding tip cells and proliferative stalk cells that form the growing sprout and it ends with the so-called anastomosis, when the sprout fuses with another sprout…
Lead concentrations in feathers and blood of common blackbirds (Turdus merula) and in earthworms inhabiting unpolluted and moderately polluted urban …
2006
9 pages; International audience; Despite the dramatic decrease of atmospheric lead (Pb) concentrations in urban areas of most industrialised countries, we hypothesised that urban common blackbirds (Turdus merula) may still be contaminated by Pb concentrations of toxicological concern due to transfer from soil through the food chain. We sampled blackbirds and earthworms, one of their main preys, in Besan?, a middle-size city of Eastern France (where atmospheric Pb concentrations decreased from 0.5 microg/m(3) in 1987 to nearly 0 in 2002) and in a rural reference site. Lead concentrations were determined in the tissues of the different functional groups of earthworms (anecic, epigeous and end…