Search results for "WASTEWATER"

Stereoisomeric profiling of drugs of abuse and pharmaceuticals in wastewaters of Valencia (Spain)

2014

AbstractThe enantiomeric and diastereomeric profiling of chiral pharmaceuticals (ephedrine, norephedrine, atenolol and venlafaxine) and illicit drugs (amphetamine, methamphetamine, 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA), 3,4-methylenedioxy-N-methylamphetamine (MDMA) and 3,4-methylenedioxy-N-ethylamphetamine (MDEA)) was undertaken over a period of fourteen consecutive days in three wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in the city of Valencia, Spain. Degradation efficiency of WWTPs was found to be compound and enantiomer dependent. Selective enantiomer enrichment was observed for several target analytes. Amphetamine and MDMA were enriched with R(−)-enantiomers. 1S,2S(+)-pseudoephedrine was found …

Wastewater-based epidemiology: current status and future prospects

2019

Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) has been consolidated as a tool to provide real-time information on consumption of legal and illegal drugs of abuse by the population. However, WBE is expected to achieve more ambitious objectives such as establishing exposure to certain agents (pesticides, personal care products, persistent organic pollutants, and pathogens), incidence of specific diseases (diabetes, allergies, oxidative stress, and cancer), and determination of some lifestyle consequences (exposure to personal care products, consumption of doping substances or products for the treatment of erectile dysfunction) or environmental factors (increase in temperature) in populations. Herein, w…

Simultaneous Removal and Recovery of Metal Ions and Dyes from Wastewater through Montmorillonite Clay Mineral

2019

The main objective of this work was to evaluate the potential of Montmorillonite nanoclay (Mt), readily and inexpensively available, for the simultaneous adsorption (and removal) of two classes of pollutants: metal ions and dyes. The attention was focused on two &ldquo

Dynamic Membranes for Enhancing Resources Recovery from Municipal Wastewater

2022

[EN] This paper studied the feasibility of using dynamic membranes (DMs) to treat municipal wastewater (MWW). Effluent from the primary settler of a full-scale wastewater treatment plant was treated using a flat 1 mu m pore size open monofilament polyamide woven mesh as supporting material. Two supporting material layers were required to self-form a DM in the short-term (17 days of operation). Different strategies (increasing the filtration flux, increasing the concentration of operating solids and coagulant dosing) were used to enhance the required forming time and pollutant capture efficiency. Higher permeate flux and increased solids were shown to be ineffective while coagulant dosing sh…

DEVELOPMENT OF ELECTROCHEMICAL MICROFLUIC DEVICES FOR THE TREATMENT OF WASTEWATERS AND THE SYNTHESIS OF CHEMICAL

How does seasonality affect water reuse possibilities? An efficiency and cost analysis

2012

Abstract Because of the harsh conditions of water stress and seasonal water demand in many zones, water reuse has emerged as a key alternative for achieving sustainable water management. An efficient performance by wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in technical and economic terms favors water reuse. However, seasonality in the flow of wastewater and in the pollutant load may be a determining factor in the efficiency of WWTPs. To evaluate if seasonality affects WWTP efficiency, analytical benchmarking methodology Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is used to obtain an average efficiency score for seasonal and non-seasonal plants. Given the importance of extended aeration (EA) and activated sl…

Metropolitan wastewater analysis for COVID-19 epidemiological surveillance

2020

The COVID-19 disease, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is a rapidly emerging pandemic which has enforced extreme containment measures worldwide. In the absence of a vaccine or efficient treatment, cost-effective epidemiological surveillance strategies are urgently needed. Here, we have used RT-qPCR for SARS-CoV-2 detection in a series of longitudinal metropolitan wastewaters samples collected from February to April 2020, during the earliest stages of the epidemic in the Region of Valencia, Spain. We were able to consistently detect SARS-CoV-2 RNA in samples taken in late February, when communicated cases in that region were only incipient. We also find…

Environmental Benefit of Improving Wastewater Quality: A Shadow Prices Approach for Sensitive Areas

2018

The use of effluents from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) as a non-conventional source of water for wetlands in arid and semi-arid regions is becoming the most-often sought solution for maintaining water flow in sensitive wetlands there. However, the managing effluent quality should be a requirement because excess nutrients (mainly nitrogen and phosphorus) can generate eutrophication problems in wetlands. In the Mediterranean area in general, wetlands are strongly vulnerable to eutrophication, which is why they are classified as sensitive areas. Our study uses a data set from 24 WWTPs, effluents of which are discharged to wetlands in the coast of Community of Valencia. We use the shado…

Photocatalytic ozonation under visible light for the remediation of water effluents and its integration with an electro-membrane bioreactor

2018

Abstract Photocatalysis and photocatalytic ozonation under visible light have been applied for the purification of a complex aqueous matrix such as the grey water of Masdar City (UAE), by using N-doped brookite-rutile catalysts. Preliminary runs on 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) solutions allowed to test the reaction system in the presence of a model pollutant and to afford the relevant kinetic parameters of the process. Subsequently, the remediation of grey water effluent has been evaluated in terms of the reduction of total organic carbon (TOC) and bacterial counts. The concentration of the most abundant inorganic ionic species in the effluent has been also monitored during reaction. Photocatalytic…

Energy generation and abatement of Acid Orange 7 in reverse electrodialysis cells using salinity gradients

2015

Abstract The simultaneous generation of electric energy and the treatment of wastewaters contaminated by an organic pollutant resistant to conventional biological processes, Acid Orange 7 (AO7), was achieved for the first time using proper redox processes by reverse electrodialysis using salinity gradients. The stack was fed with two aqueous solutions with different concentrations of NaCl and a synthetic wastewater contaminated by AO7. Various electrochemical approaches including electro-Fenton, electrogeneration of active chlorine (IOAC) and coupled process were performed in a stack equipped with 40–60 cell pairs and studied by focused electrolyses. The effect of the number of cell pairs a…