Search results for "WES"
showing 10 items of 1585 documents
Harder, Better, Faster, Stronger? The Relationship between Cognitive Task Demands in Video Games and Recovery Experiences
2019
Research has repeatedly demonstrated that the use of interactive media is associated with recovery experiences, suggesting that engaging with media can help people to alleviate stress and restore mental and physical resources. Video games, in particular, have been shown to fulfil various aspects of recovery, not least due to their ability to elicit feelings of mastery and control. However, little is known about the role of cognitive task demand (i.e., the amount of cognitive effort a task requires) in that process. Toward this end, our study aimed to investigate how cognitive task demand during gameplay affects users’ recovery experiences. Results of a laboratory experiment suggest that dif…
Professionalisation and quality management: struggles, boundaries and bridges between two approaches
2011
European journal for Research on the Education and Learning of Adults 2 (2011) 1, S. 21-35
Macrophage-mediated clearance of cells undergoing caspase-3-independent death
2003
Little is known of the functions of caspases in mediating the surface changes required for phagocytosis of dying cells. Here we investigate the role played by the effector caspase, caspase-3 in this process using the caspase-3-defective MCF-7 breast carcinoma line and derived caspase-3-expressing transfectants. Our results indicate that, while certain typical features of apoptosis induced by etoposide - namely classical morphological changes and the ability to degrade DNA into oligonucleosomal fragments - are caspase-3-dependent, loss of cell adhesion to plastic and the capacity to interact with, and to be phagocytosed by, human monocyte-derived macrophages - both by CD14-dependent and CD14…
Effect of ultraviolet light, methyl methanesulfonate and ionizing radiation on the genotoxic response and apoptosis of mouse fibroblasts lacking c-Fo…
2001
c-Fos and p53 are DNA damage-inducible proteins that are involved in gene regulation, cell cycle checkpoint control and cell proliferation following exposure to genotoxic agents. To investigate comparatively the role of c-Fos and p53 in the maintenance of genomic stability and the induction of apoptosis, we generated mouse fibroblast cell lines from knockout mice deficient for either c-fos (fos -/-) or p53 (p53-/-) or for both gene products (fosp53-/-). The sensitivity of these established cell lines was compared with the corresponding wild-type cells as to the cytotoxic, clastogenic and apoptosis-inducing effects of ultraviolet (UV-C) light and methyl methanesulfonate (MMS). Additionally, …
Cisplatin-induced apoptosis in 43-3B and 27-1 cells defective in nucleotide excision repair
2001
Cisplatin is a highly potent cytotoxic and genotoxic agent used in the chemotherapy of various types of tumors. Its cytotoxic effect is supposed to be due to the induction of intra- and interstrand DNA cross-links which are repaired via the nucleotide excision repair (NER) pathway. Here, we elucidated the mechanism of cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity in mutants derived from CHO-9 cells defective in NER. We compared 43-3B and 27-1 cells deficient for ERCC1 and ERCC3, respectively, with the corresponding wild-type and ERCC1 complemented 43-3B cells. It is shown that cells defective in ERCC1 are more sensitive than cells defective in ERCC3 with regard to cisplatin-induced reproductive cell death…
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor δ (PPARδ) activation protects H9c2 cardiomyoblasts from oxidative stress-induced apoptosis
2005
Activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha) and PPARgamma plays beneficial roles in cardiovascular disorders such as atherosclerosis and heart reperfusion. Although PPARalpha and gamma have been documented to reduce oxidative stress in the vasculature and the heart, the role of PPARdelta remains poorly studied.We focused on PPARdelta function in the regulation of oxidative stress-induced apoptosis in the rat cardiomyoblast cell line H9c2. Using semi-quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), we showed that PPARdelta is the predominantly expressed isotype whereas PPARalpha was weakly detected. By performing cell viability assays, we …
Fatty acids liberated from low-density lipoprotein trigger endothelial apoptosis via mitogen-activated protein kinases.
2005
Enzymatic modification of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) as it probably occurs in the arterial intima drastically increases its cytotoxicity, which could be relevant for the progression of atherosclerotic lesions. LDL was treated with a protease and cholesterylesterase to generate a derivative similar to lesional LDL, with a high content of free cholesterol and fatty acids. Exposure of endothelial cells to the enzymatically modified lipoprotein (E-LDL), but not to native or oxidized LDL, resulted in programmed cell death. Apoptosis was triggered by apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 dependent phosphorylation of p38. Depletion and reconstitution experiments identified free fatty acids (FFA)…
TRAIL-R4 promotes tumor growth and resistance to apoptosis in cervical carcinoma HeLa cells through AKT.
2011
International audience; BACKGROUND: TRAIL/Apo2L is a pro-apoptotic ligand of the TNF family that engages the apoptotic machinery through two pro-apoptotic receptors, TRAIL-R1 and TRAIL-R2. This cell death program is tightly controlled by two antagonistic receptors, TRAIL-R3 and TRAIL-R4, both devoid of a functional death domain, an intracellular region of the receptor, required for the recruitment and the activation of initiator caspases. Upon TRAIL-binding, TRAIL-R4 forms a heteromeric complex with the agonistic receptor TRAIL-R2 leading to reduced caspase-8 activation and apoptosis. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We provide evidence that TRAIL-R4 can also exhibit, in a ligand independent…
<p class="HeadingRunIn"><strong>Six new <em>Dinotrema</em> species (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) from Spain, with prescutellar pi…
2013
Descriptions of six new species of the genus Dinotrema from Spain with smooth or only medially sculptured propodeum are provided. The new species described are: D. achterbergi sp. nov., D. broadi sp. nov., D. enanum sp. nov., D. fischerianum sp. nov., D. munki sp. nov. and D. pappi sp. nov.
Two amino acid residues determine the low substrate affinity of human cationic amino acid transporter-2A.
2003
Mammalian cationic amino acid transporters (CAT) differ in their substrate affinity and sensitivity to trans-stimulation. The apparent Km values for cationic amino acids and the sensitivity to trans-stimulation of CAT-1, -2B, and -3 are characteristic of system y+. In contrast, CAT-2A exhibits a 10-fold lower substrate affinity and is largely independent of substrate at the trans-side of the membrane. CAT-2A and -2B demonstrate such divergent transport properties, even though their amino acid sequences differ only in a stretch of 42 amino acids. Here, we identify two amino acid residues within this 42-amino acid domain of the human CAT-2A protein that are responsible for the apparent low af…