Search results for "Warming"

The rise of thermophilic sea urchins and the expansion of barren grounds in the Mediterranean Sea

2011

Recent ecological studies have shown a strong relation between temperature, echinoids and their grazing effects on macro-algal communities. In this study, we speculate that climate warming may result in an increasingly favourable environment for the reproduction and development of the sea urchin Arbacia lixula. The relationship between increased A. lixula density and the extent of barren grounds in the Mediterranean Sea is also discussed.

Short-term exposure to concurrent biotic and abiotic stressors may impair farmed molluscs performance

2022

Global warming, through increasing temperatures, may facilitate the spread and proliferation of outbreak-forming species which may find favourable substrate conditions on artificial aquaculture structures. The presence of stinging organisms (cnidarian hydroids) in the facilities fouling community are a source of pollution that can cause critical problems when in-situ underwater cleaning processes are performed. Multiple stressor experiments were carried out to investigate the cumulative effect on farmed mussels' functional traits when exposed to realistic stressful conditions, including presence of harmful cnidarian cells and environmental conditions of increasing temperature and short-term…

Increased water temperature decreases predation rate of an important sea star predator on sea urchins.

2011

Ecological impacts of global warming and water abstraction on lakes and reservoirs due to changes in water level and related changes in salinity

2015

According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change report released in September 2014, unprecedented changes in temperature and precipitation patterns have been recorded globally in recent decades and further change is predicted to occur in the near future, mainly as the result of human activity. In particular, projections show that the Mediterranean climate zone will be markedly affected with significant implications for lake water levels and salinity. This may be exacerbated by increased demands for irrigation water. Based on long-term data from seven lakes and reservoirs covering a geographical gradient of 52 of latitudes and a literature review, we discuss how changes in water le…

Posidonia oceanica living in enclosed coastal lagoon as model for testing the effect of climate change on organism near their limit of thermal tolera…

2009

Vermetid reefs in the warm temperate Mediterranean Sea are facing local extinction

2012

Climate change and population genetic structure of marine species

2011

Climate change influences populations by reducing or extirpating local populations, by disrupting patterns of migration and by shifting geographical distributions. These events can affect genetic population structure in several ways. Molecular markers have been used in numerous population genetic and phylogeographical studies of marine species and have detected population responses to climate change in the last few decades, such as range expansions, adaptative shifts and declines or increases in abundance. Little is known, however, about the molecular and physiological basis of adaptive responses to climate change in marine Mediterranean species. The Mediterranean Sea ecosystem is a ‘living…

Climate change potentially affect keystone predation in subtidal system.

2014

Larval Development of Arbacia lixula (Linneo, 1758) in two Marine Protected Area: preliminary data.

2010

The sea urchin Arbacia lixula is a crucial species in driving the algal assemblages dynamic of the infralittoral zone. A. lixula is considered a thermophilic species and its increase in abundance in western Mediterranean waters, probably is due to an increase in seawater temperature. The aim of this study was to examine the reproductive success of A. lixula by larval development. The study was conducted within two Sicilian MPA (Capo Gallo-Isola delle Femmine and Ustica), characterized by photophilic algae, the same exposure and seawater temperature. In each area, twenty random specimens was sampled from May to September 2010, and mature gametes were collected from six males and six females …

Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Membrane Bioreactors

2017

Nowadays, it is widely accepted that wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are significant sources of greenhouse gas (GHG) emission, contributing to the anthropogenic sources. Among the GHG emitted from WWTPs, nitrous oxide (N2O) has been identified of having the major interest/concern, since its high global warming potential (GWP), is 298 times higher than that of CO2 and also to its capability to react with stratospheric ozone causing the layer depletion. Up to now, most of the experimental investigations have been carried out on conventional activated sludge (CAS) processes. The knowledge of N2O emission from advanced technologies such membrane bioreactors (MBRs) is still very limited. The…