Search results for "Waste"
showing 10 items of 2580 documents
Plastmasas likvidējamība no Zero Waste dzīvesveida perspektīvas
2018
Zero waste dzīvesveida mērķis ir samazināt savu patēriņu un mājsaimniecībā radīto atkritumu, it īpaši plastmasas atkritumu, daudzumu. Šis pētījums paver ieskatu cilvēku sarežģītajās attiecībās ar plastmasu un atklāj vides aizsardzības jomā aktualizēto problēmu iespaidu uz indivīdiem un centienus šos ieteikumus un principus realizēt ikdienas dzīvē. Plastmasa kļūst par morālu problēmu tās visuresamības un pretrunīguma dēļ.
A multiresidue analytical method for trace level determination of antibiotics and antiretroviral drugs in wastewater and surface water using SPE-LC-M…
2016
An analytical method for simultaneous determination of seven commonly used antibiotics and three antiretrovirals in surface water and urban wastewater at the ng L−1 level has been developed. The method involves concentration and clean-up by solid phase extraction (SPE) followed by identification and quantification by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS). The use of matrix-matched calibration curves constructed by spiking surface water was evaluated for quantification and compared with the internal standard method using isotopically labelled compounds. The method gave absolute recoveries of 41–116% with most of the compounds having recoveries >50%. The LOQs ranged fr…
Recent changes in chironomid communities and hypolimnetic oxygen conditions relate to organic carbon in subarctic ecotonal lakes
2018
A key question in aquatic elemental cycling is related to the influence of bottom water oxygen conditions in regulating the burial and release of carbon under climate warming. In this study, we used head capsules of Chironomidae larvae to assess community and diversity change between the past (estimated as Pre-Industrial Period) and present and to reconstruct changes in hypolimnetic oxygen conditions from 30 subarctic ecotonal lakes (northeastern Lapland) using the top-bottom paleolimnological approach applying surface sediment (topmost 0-2 cm) and reference (4-5 cm) samples. Subsequently, we tested the findings against dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration of the sites. We found tha…
Biogenic Fenton process - A possible mechanism for the mineralization of organic carbon in fresh waters.
2020
To explore the mechanisms that mineralize poorly bioavailable natural organic carbon (OC), we measured the mineralization of OC in two lake waters over long-term experiments (up to 623 days) at different pH and iron (Fe) levels. Both the microbial and photochemical mineralization of OC was higher at pH acidified to 4 than at the ambient pH 5 or an elevated pH 6. During 244 days, microbes mineralized up to 60% of OC in the 10-mu m filtrates of lake water and more than 27% in the 1-mu m filtrates indicating that large-sized microbes/grazers enhance the mineralization of OC. A reactivity continuum model indicated that the acidification stimulated the microbial mineralization of OC especially i…
Role of low-weight carboxylic acids in phytotoxicity of composts
2013
Simultaneous production of furfural and levulinic acid from pine sawdust via acid-catalysed mechanical depolymerization and microwave irradiation
2019
Abstract In this work pine sawdust was converted into levulinic acid (LA) and furfural. Sawdust was first pre-treated with sulfuric acid-catalysed mechanical depolymerization. The conversion reactions were then performed with microwave heating at 180 °C. To enhance the furfural yield and the efficient separation of furfural and LA, a biphasic water-toluene reaction system was used. The effect of an additional catalyst, AlCl3, on the yield of LA and furfural was also studied. According to the results the pre-treatment method enhanced the yields of LA. In addition, due to the microwave heating the reaction times were short. Additional AlCl3 catalyst enhanced the LA yield, however excellent fu…
Mobilising Consumers for Food Waste Reduction in Finnish Media Discourse
2019
Raippalinna explores how consumers are mobilised for food waste reduction in media discourse. Food waste reduction initiatives are often criticised for putting the responsibility on individual consumers, but little research exists on the mobilisation of consumers in actual contexts. Through critical discourse analysis of media texts, Raippalinna investigates how the food waste problem and consumers are constructed in relation to each other in Finlands leading newspaper Helsingin Sanomat 2010–2017. The analysis demonstrates that the discourses of consumer mobilisation appear mostly as consumer education where the consumer’s role is to manage individual consumption and household practices. Th…
Wastewater-based epidemiology, a tool to bridge biomarkers of exposure, contaminants, and human health
2021
The concept of wastewater-based epidemiology also known as sewage epidemiology was proposed by Daughton in 2001. Wastewater-based epidemiology has become now a reality that makes it possible to determine consumption or exposure to chemical substances or pathogens in a population by measuring certain compounds (drugs of abuse, metabolites, or biomarkers) or microorganisms (viruses, bacteria, and parasites) in wastewater. The first and most developed application is the estimation of illicit drug consumption in communities or populations, but it can be used to measure both consumption and exposure to a wide range of substances and pathogens. Its recent application to measure the severe acute r…
Knowledge and awareness regarding biomedical waste management in dental teaching institutions in India- A systematic review.
2014
Objectives: Proper handling, treatment and disposal of biomedical wastes are important elements in any health care setting. Not much attention has been paid to the management of Biomedical Waste (BMW) in recent years, in dental colleges and hospitals in India. The present systematic review was conducted to assess knowledge and awareness regarding BMW management among staff and students of dental teaching institutions in India. Material and Methods: A systematic review of relevant cross-sectional studies was conducted regarding BMW management in India in dental teaching institutions in India. Six studies were finally included in the present review after conducting both electronic and manual …
The Management of Health Hazards Related to Municipal Solid Waste on Fire in Europe: An Environmental Justice Issue?
2020
Landfilling should be the last option in an integrated Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) management approach. In the European Union (EU), the policy framework to protect the environment and the public health against the impact of health hazards related to urban solid waste management has been consistently implemented in recent decades. A growing interest in the negative impact of fires in waste landfills on the environment and people’s health was reported in some European countries. In Italy, an increasing occurrence of arsons in MSW and landfills has been reported in recent years. During the summer of 2012, a multi-site arson occurred in the Palermo Municipal solid waste landfill of Bellolampo (…