Search results for "Water"
showing 10 items of 9348 documents
Water-smart circular economy – Conceptualisation, transitional policy instruments and stakeholder perception
2022
Highlights • A concept for a water-smart Circular Economy (CE) is introduced. • Elements of a water-smart CE are presented. • Instruments to support the transition to a water-smart CE are analysed. • Drivers for and barriers to the transition to a water-smart CE are identified. The Circular Economy (CE) is a concept that has gained considerable global attention during the past decade amongst private and public sector actors, politicians and policymakers, citizens and media, and scientific communities. Water and water-related ecosystems, despite their vital role in practically all human activities, have been largely missing from conceptualisations and scientific definitions of the CE. Theref…
ANALYTICAL PROCEDURES FOR THE DETERMINATION OF TRACE AMOUNTS OF XENOBIOTICS IN ENVIRONMENTAL WATER SAMPLES
2016
Wciąż wzrastające zanieczyszczenie środowiska związane z działalnością człowieka stanowi poważny problem ekologiczny współczesnego świata. Ksenobiotyki to substancje obce i potencjalnie szkodliwe dla organizmów żywych. Obecność niektórych z nich w środowisku wodnym może nieść za sobą poważne konsekwencje. Do najbardziej niebezpiecznych należą antybiotyki oraz pestycydy. Rozwój nauki i techniki umożliwił kontrolowanie tych substancji w środowisku naturalnym. Oznaczanie śladowych ilości ksenobiotyków w próbkach wód środowiskowych jest złożonym procesem, wymagającym zastosowania odpowiedniej metody ekstrakcyjnej i analitycznej. Złożoność matrycy oraz obecność substancji współobecnych stanowi d…
Implications of fisheries‐induced evolution for population recovery: Refocusing the science and refining its communication
2019
The argument that sufficiently high fishing mortality (selective or not) can effect genetic change in fished populations has gained considerable traction since the late 1970s. The intervening decades have provided compelling experimental and model‐based evidence that fisheries‐induced evolution (FIE) can cause genetic changes in life history, behaviour and body shape, given sufficiently high trait heritability, selection intensity and time. Fisheries‐induced evolution research has also identified or inferred negative implications to population recovery and sustainable yield, prompting calls for evolutionarily enlightened management to reduce the probability of FIE and mitigate its risks. Su…
Negative impact of freeze–thaw cycles on the survival of tardigrades
2023
Global warming effects in temperate and polar regions include higher average temperatures and a decrease in snow cover, which together lead to an increase in the number of freeze–thaw cycles (FTC). These changes could affect the fitness of both terrestrial and aquatic species. In this study, we tested how tardigrades, ubiquitous microscopic invertebrates, face FTC. Tardigrades are amongst the most resistant animals to unfavorable conditions, including long and deep freezing periods, and are an emerging model group for invertebrate ecology and evolution. We used 12 populations of tardigrades, representing different families within order Parachela, inhabiting different ecosystems (glaciers, s…
Al2O3 ALD films grown using TMA + rare isotope 2H216O and 1H218O precursors
2021
In this work hydrogen and oxygen migration and exchange reactions in the atomic layer deposited (ALD) Al2O3 thin films were studied together with hydrogen incorporation by varying deposition parameters. Al2O3 films deposited at low temperatures can contain more than 20 at. % of hydrogen. Both higher temperature and longer purge length decrease the hydrogen and carbon concentrations significantly. In order to track the hydrogen and oxygen movement in the films, heavy water (2H216O) and oxygen-18 enriched water (1H218O) were used as precursors in combination with trimethylaluminium (TMA). Different isotopes of the same element were quantified by means of time-of-flight elastic recoil detectio…
Comparing the monitoring and evaluation systems of watershed management related development projects in Amhara, Ethiopia
2012
Natural resource degradation is both a cause and a result of poverty in Ethiopia. Therefore it is important to include watershed management into efforts to reduce poverty and food insecurity in the country. In order to see if different interventions are effective in restoring the degraded environment, it is important to have a functioning monitoring and evaluation system that includes natural resource degradation and other environmental factors. This study compares the monitoring and evaluation systems used by five different projects involved in watershed management in the Amhara region, Ethiopia. The objective is to find out whether these systems are providing adequate and scientifically v…
Les puits de l’oppidum de l’Ermitage (Agen, Lot-et-Garonne).
2007
Within the context of a “projet collectif de recherche”, the publication of works directed by Richard Boudet on the hillfort of the Ermitage in Agen, two wells have been studied. The analysis of structures and artefacts (pottery, metal, wood) suggests that they were probably used to draw water and not devoted to chthonian rituals. Comparisons with other wells un South West of Gaul suggest that in most cases, they may have been used in the same way, even though, in very few cases rituals relating to the domestic field cannot be excluded.
Effect of low dissolved oxygen on the viability of juvenile Margaritifera margaritifera : Hypoxia tolerance ex situ
2022
The decline of endangered freshwater pearl mussel (FPM, Margaritifera margaritifera) has been attributed to juvenile mortality caused by low concentrations of dissolved oxygen in the stream substrate resulting from fine sediments (siltation) that impede water exchange in the interstitial microhabitat of juveniles. If low oxygen concentration causes recruitment failure of FPMs, knowledge on the oxygen tolerance of juvenile FPMs is essential for the conservation of the species, as it will justify conservation efforts improving water exchange in the bottom gravel. However, the tolerance of low oxygen of FPM juveniles has not been directly studied. Juvenile FPMs (9–11 months old) were exposed i…
Regional variations in occupancy frequency distributions patterns between odonate assemblages in Fennoscandia
2018
Odonate (damselfly and dragonfly) species richness and species occupancy frequency distributions (SOFD) were analysed in relation to geographical location in standing waters (lakes and ponds) in Fennoscandia, from southern Sweden to central Finland. In total, 46 dragonfly and damselfly species were recorded from 292 waterbodies. Species richness decreased to the north and increased with waterbody area in central Finland, but not in southern Finland or in Sweden. Species occupancy ranged from 1 up to 209 lakes and ponds. Over 50% of the species occurred in less than 10% of the waterbodies, although this proportion decreased to the north. In the southern lakes and ponds, none of the species o…
Influence of land cover in the atmospheric water vapor content and the generation of summer storms in the Turia River Basin
2022
Les tronades d'estiu representen una font d’aigua important en la conca mediterrània, ja que aporten aigua durant els mesos més secs de l’any, amb la qual cosa ajuden a mantenir els cabdals dels principals rius. Aquests sistemes convectius estan associats a les circulacions de brisa que dominen durant l'estiu. La brisa es canalitza a través de les valls assolint les capçaleres dels principals rius on es generen línies de convergència, és a dir, zones on les masses d’aire superficials s’injecten a capes més altes de l’atmosfera i donen lloc a aquest tipus de fenòmens meteorològics. A part de la topografia, altres factors que poden influenciar la formació de tronades d'estiu són els fluxos su…