Search results for "Water"
showing 10 items of 9348 documents
The recent Nyiragongo (Democratic Republic of Congo) eruption: the impact of volcanic ash fallout on drinking water and edible plants
2022
Nyiragongo is an active intraplate volcano well known for its fascinating persistent lava lake inside the crater and is recognized as one of the most dangerous volcanoes in the world as more than two million people live on its slopes, 18-25 km far from the main crater. It is located in the Virunga Volcanic Province (VVP), in the western branch of the East African Rift System (EARS), at the intersection between the Democratic Republic of Congo, Rwanda, and Uganda. Unexpectedly, on 22 May 2021, Nyiragongo produced three different lateral lava flows in the low flanks and significant amounts of volcanic gas and ash were emitted from the summit crater. For several weeks, the ash fallout strongly…
Selenium around Etna Volcano, Italy
2010
Humans are attracted by the fertile properties of volcanic soils and currently around 10% of the world population lives within active volcanic areas. Volcanoes emit significantly amounts of potentially toxic elements such as selenium (Se), even in the absence of obvious volcanic activity. Although Se is an essential element for humans, ingestion of an excess amount of Se can produce adverse effects. Mt. Etna, the biggest volcano in Europe, is persistently active for the last 200,000 years and one of the most intensely monitored volcanoes. We have studied selenium in rainwater and soils from Mt Etna volcano. Bulk depositions were collected from April 2006 to December 2007, using a network of…
The Effects of Cold Water Immersion on the Recovery of Drop Jump Performance and Mechanics : A Pilot Study in Under-20 Soccer Players
2020
Cold water immersion (CWI) is a popular method used for enhancing recovery from exercise. However, the efficacy of this approach is inconclusive and studies investigating variables contributing to overall performance are scarce. Additionally, few studies have investigated the recovery of stretch-shortening cycle (SSC) performance after a fatiguing SSC task. The SSC occurs naturally in human locomotion and induces a recovery pattern different from isolated muscle contractions (e.g., pure eccentric exercise). Therefore, the main aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a single CWI on jumping performance and mechanics after exhaustive SSC exercise. On a sledge apparatus, 10 male un…
Lagrangian matches between observations from aircraft, lidar and radar in an orographic warm conveyor belt
2020
Warm conveyor belts (WCBs) are important airstreams in extratropical cyclones, often leading to the formation of intense precipitation and the amplification of upper-level ridges. This study presents a case study that involves aircraft, lidar and radar observations in a WCB ascending from western Europe towards the Baltic Sea during the Hydrological Cycle in the Mediterranean Experiment (HyMeX) and T-NAWDEX-Falcon in October 2012, a preparatory campaign for the THORPEX North Atlantic Waveguide and Downstream Impact Experiment (T-NAWDEX). Trajectories were used to link different observations along the WCB, that is, to establish so-called Lagrangian matches between observations. To this aim, …
Effect of temperature on anaerobic treatment of black water in UASB-septic tank systems
2007
The effect of northern European seasonal temperature changes and low temperature on the performance of upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB)-septic tanks treating black water was studied. Three UASB-septic tanks were monitored with different operational parameters and at different temperatures. The results indicated the feasibility of the UASB-septic tank for (pre)treatment of black water at low temperatures with respect to removal of suspended solids and dissolved organic material. Inoculum sludge had little effect on COD(ss) removal, though in the start-up phase some poorly adapted inoculum disintegrated and washed out, thus requiring consideration when designing the process. Removal of …
La metodica wastewater based epidemiology come proxy di quantificazione del consumo di sostanze stupefacenti nella popolazione: l’esperienza della ci…
2016
INTRODUZIONE Le istituzioni europee e la comunità scientifica hanno, recentemente, definito un nuovo modello di sorveglianza attiva della potenziale diffusione delle droghe nella collettività, la Wastewater Based Epidemiology (WBE), attraverso la ricerca analitica delle molecole e dei loro metaboliti nelle acque reflue cittadine. Lo scopo di questo lavoro è stato la valutazione di una preliminare applicazione di METODIca WBE nella città di Palermo, poco studiata in precedenti analisi a livello nazionale e internazionale. METODI Sono stati prelevati 28 campioni (2 litri cad) di refluo medio delle 24 ore in ingresso ai due depuratori di Palermo (WP1=45.000 ab. eq.; WP2=330.000 ab. eq.) in un …
Particle balance and return loops for microplastics in a tertiary-level wastewater treatment plant.
2021
Highlights: Dewatering by centrifugation was a step that removed a high number of MPs from the sludge. Sludge retained especially the fibrous microplactics. Reject water transported microplastics inside a wastewater treatment plant. Disc filter-based tertiary treatment ensured removal of 99% of microplastics in wastewater. Microplastics (MPs) from households, stormwater, and various industries are transported to wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), where a high proportion of them are captured before discharging their residuals to watersheds. Although recent studies have indicated that the removed MPs are mainly retained in wastewater sludge, sludge treatment processes have gained less atten…
The role of microbial ecology during biogas production from renewable energy sources. Characterizing microbial community structures in bioenergy prod…
2019
La Microbiología tiene un rol fundamental en la integración de procesos para la recuperación de nutrientes, energía y agua durante el tratamiento biológico del agua residual. La identificación de los grupos microbiológicos clave, así como de sus dinámicas, ecología y estructuras microbianas, mejorará el entendimiento de los procesos que integran las futuras plantas de recuperación de recursos, conocidas por sus siglas en inglés como Water Resource Recovery Facilities (WRRF). Este conocimiento podría ser de gran utilidad durante la optimización de sistemas anaerobios que recuperan energía a partir de fuentes de biomasa renovables. Hasta la fecha, diferentes estudios han demostrado que la com…
Kinetic of the Sewage Treatment: The Consumption of Organic Carbon of The Microalga Chlorella sp
2023
As well known, microalgae are eukaryotic or procaryotic microorganisms able to photosynthesize, namely transforming inorganic substrates and sun light into organic compounds and chemical energy. They result very promising in treating civil wastewaters thanks to their ability to employ nitrates and phosphates as nutrients (Lima et al., 2019). Autotrophic microalgae are, anyway, not useful in decreasing the organic carbon content of wastewaters, and for this reason, they cooperate with heterotrophic bacteria. The usefulness of microalgaebacteria consortia in treating wastewaters and the ratio of their inoculum was investigated in a previous work (Lima, 2022a). Contrarily to autotrophic microa…
Assessment of environmental pollution caused by EDCs from everyday objects
2016
Związki modulujące pracę hormonów estrogenowych są grupą związków chemicznych, które przez ostatnich kilka dekad zwróciły uwagę zarówno społeczeństwa, jak i naukowców. Dowiedziono, że substancje te ingerują w prawidłową pracę układu hormonalnego i zaburzają rozwój, reprodukcję, homeostazę i metabolizm żywych organizmów. Zagrażają nie tylko ludziom, ale także wszystkim żywym organizmom. Są obecne w: plastikach, między innymi plastikowych opakowaniach na żywność, detergentach, pestycydach, tworzywach ognioodpornych, metalach ciężkich, a także farmaceutykach i produktach codziennej higieny, takich jak kosmetyki - kremy czy mydła, filtry UV, doustne środki antykoncepcyjne i przeciwbólowe, a tak…