Search results for "Weak"

showing 10 items of 1417 documents

Measuring molecular parity nonconservation using nuclear-magnetic-resonance spectroscopy

2017

The weak interaction does not conserve parity and therefore induces energy shifts in chiral enantiomers that should in principle be detectable in molecular spectra. Unfortunately, the magnitude of the expected shifts are small and in spectra of a mixture of enantiomers, the energy shifts are not resolvable. We propose a nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiment in which we titrate the chirality (enantiomeric excess) of a solvent and measure the diasteriomeric splitting in the spectra of a chiral solute in order to search for an anomalous offset due to parity nonconservation (PNC). We present a proof-of-principle experiment in which we search for PNC in the \textsuperscript{13}C resonances…

Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)PhysicsGeneral PhysicsChemical shiftphysics.chem-phFOS: Physical sciencesParity (physics)Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopyWeak interaction010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesSpectral lineMathematical Sciences0104 chemical sciences3. Good healthPhysics - Chemical Physics0103 physical sciencesPhysical SciencesChemical SciencesPhysics::Atomic PhysicsAtomic physicsEnantiomer010306 general physicsEnantiomeric excessChirality (chemistry)
researchProduct

The identity type weak factorisation system

2008

We show that the classifying category C(T) of a dependent type theory T with axioms for identity types admits a non-trivial weak factorisation system. We provide an explicit characterisation of the elements of both the left class and the right class of the weak factorisation system. This characterisation is applied to relate identity types and the homotopy theory of groupoids.

Class (set theory)Pure mathematicsGeneral Computer ScienceDependent type theoryHomotopiaType (model theory)Identity (music)Theoretical Computer Science510 - Consideracions fonamentals i generals de les matemàtiquesCombinatorics18C50Mathematics::Category TheoryFOS: MathematicsCategory Theory (math.CT)Univalent foundationsAxiomMathematicsHomotopy03B15; 18C50; 18B40Mathematics - Category TheoryIdentity type weak factorisation systemMathematics - LogicTipus Teoria dels03B15Type theory18B40Homotopy type theoryLogic (math.LO)Weak factorisation systemIdentity typeComputer Science(all)
researchProduct

The Parallel Structures Model and the weakening of implosive /s/ in Spanish

2020

En aquest article es presenten les premisses fonamentals del Model de les Estructures Paral·leles, un model fonològic relativament recent dins el paradigma de la fonologia autosegmental, i s’aplica per primera vegada a dades de l’espanyol. En concret, el treball se centra a il·lustrar els avantatges explicatius que comporta l’adopció del Model de les Estructures Paral·leles en el cas de l’anàlisi de les realitzacions de la /s/ en posició de coda seguida d’oclusiva sorda en interior de paraula, perquè l’àmplia gamma de realitzacions documentades per a aquest context en les varietats aspirants de l’espanyol planteja un repte important per a les teories representacionals actuals sobre la compo…

CodaFonologiaModel de les Estructures Paral·leleslcsh:Comparative grammarAfeblimentCastellàEspanyolSpanishspanishlcsh:P325-325.5PhonologyphonologycodaParallel Structures Modelweakeningparallel structures model.Weakeninglcsh:P201-299lcsh:Semantics
researchProduct

Hume’s guillotine and intelligent technologies

2021

AbstractEmerging intelligent society shall change the way people are organised around their work and consequently also as a society. One approach to investigating intelligent systems and their social influence is information processing. Intelligence is information processing. However, factual and ethical information are different. Facts concern true vs. false, while ethics is about what should be done. David Hume recognised a fundamental problem in this respect, which is that facts can be used to derive values. His answer was negative, which is critical for developing intelligent ethical technologies. Hume’s problem is not crucial when values can be assigned to technologies, i.e. weak ethic…

Cognitive scienceHume’s guillotineweak and strong ethical AItietoteoriaIntelligent decision support systemInformation processingComputational intelligenceCognitionWeak and strong ethical AItekoälyarvot (käsitykset)Work (electrical)processing ethical informationObstacleHuman resource managementProcessing ethical informationetiikkaPsychologyGeneral Economics Econometrics and FinanceSocial influenceResearch Article
researchProduct

A complete characterization of all weakly additive measures and of all valuations on the canonical extension of any finite MV-chain

2010

We consider extensions of the unique additive measure on a finite MV-chain to uncertainty measures on its canonical Girard algebra extension. If the underlying MV-chain has more than two non-trivial elements, in a previous paper we have proved the non-existence of strongly additive measure extensions, where strong additivity is defined as additivity not for all disjoint unions but only restricted to the so-called divisible disjoint unions. This negative result motivates to look for weakly additive measure extensions which are defined to be additive only on all MV-subalgebras of the canonical Girard algebra extension. We obtain a characterization of all such MV-subalgebras which are in fact …

CombinatoricsArtificial IntelligenceLogicWeakly additiveAdditive functionState (functional analysis)MV-algebraDisjoint setsExtension (predicate logic)Characterization (mathematics)Measure (mathematics)MathematicsFuzzy Sets and Systems
researchProduct

The Neumann Problem for the Total Variation Flow

2004

This chapter is devoted to prove existence and uniqueness of solutions for the minimizing total variation flow with Neumann boundary conditions, namely $$ \left\{ \begin{gathered} \frac{{\partial u}} {{\partial t}} = div\left( {\frac{{Du}} {{\left| {Du} \right|}}} \right) in Q = (0,\infty ) \times \Omega , \hfill \\ \frac{{\partial u}} {{\partial \eta }} = 0 on S = (0,\infty ) \times \partial \Omega , \hfill \\ u(0,x) = u_0 (x) in x \in \Omega , \hfill \\ \end{gathered} \right. $$ (2.1) where Ω is a bounded set in ℝ N with Lipschitz continuous boundary ∂ Ω and u0 ∈ L1(Ω). As we saw in the previous chapter, this partial differential equation appears when one uses the steepest descent method …

CombinatoricsPhysicsBounded setWeak solutionImage (category theory)Bounded functionMathematical analysisNeumann boundary conditionBoundary (topology)Context (language use)Uniqueness
researchProduct

Some Aspects of Vector-Valued Singular Integrals

2009

Let A, B be Banach spaces and \(1 < p < \infty. \; T\) is said to be a (p, A, B)- CalderoLon–Zygmund type operator if it is of weak type (p, p), and there exist a Banach space E, a bounded bilinear map \(u: E \times A \rightarrow B,\) and a locally integrable function k from \(\mathbb{R}^n \times \mathbb{R}^n \backslash \{(x, x): x \in \mathbb{R}^n\}\) into E such that $$T\;f(x) = \int u(k(x, y), f(y))dy$$ for every A-valued simple function f and \(x \notin \; supp \; f.\)

CombinatoricsPhysicsMathematics::Functional Analysissymbols.namesakeBounded functionBanach spacesymbolsLocally integrable functionFunction (mathematics)Type (model theory)Hardy spaceSingular integralWeak type
researchProduct

On the WGSC Property in Some Classes of Groups

2009

The property of quasi-simple filtration (or qsf) for groups has been introduced in literature more than 10 years ago by S. Brick. This is equivalent, for groups, to the weak geometric simple connectivity (or wgsc). The main interest of these notions is that there is still not known whether all finitely presented groups are wgsc (qsf) or not. The present note deals with the wgsc property for solvable groups and generalized FC-groups. Moreover, a relation between the almost-convexity condition and the Tucker property, which is related to the wgsc property, has been considered for 3-manifold groups.

Combinatoricsalmost-convex groupsProperty (philosophy)Tucker propertySimple (abstract algebra)Solvable groupGeneral MathematicsFiltration (mathematics)FC-groups and nilpotent groupSettore MAT/03 - Geometriaweak geometric simple connectivityMathematicsMediterranean Journal of Mathematics
researchProduct

Fixed points in weak non-Archimedean fuzzy metric spaces

2011

Mihet [Fuzzy $\psi$-contractive mappings in non-Archimedean fuzzy metric spaces, Fuzzy Sets and Systems, 159 (2008) 739-744] proved a theorem which assures the existence of a fixed point for fuzzy $\psi$-contractive mappings in the framework of complete non-Archimedean fuzzy metric spaces. Motivated by this, we introduce a notion of weak non-Archimedean fuzzy metric space and prove that the weak non-Archimedean fuzzy metric induces a Hausdorff topology. We utilize this new notion to obtain some common fixed point results for a pair of generalized contractive type mappings.

Common fixed points Weak non-Archimedean fuzzy metric spaces Fuzzy contractive mappingsDiscrete mathematicsFuzzy classificationMathematics::General MathematicsLogicInjective metric spaceT-normFuzzy subalgebraIntrinsic metricConvex metric spaceComputingMethodologies_PATTERNRECOGNITIONSettore MAT/05 - Analisi MatematicaArtificial IntelligenceFuzzy set operationsFuzzy numberComputingMethodologies_GENERALMathematicsFuzzy Sets and Systems
researchProduct

Common fixed point theorems of integral type for OWC mappings under relaxed condition

2017

In this paper, we prove a common fixed point theorem for a pair of occasionally weakly compatible (owc) self mappings satisfying a mixed contractive condition of integral type without using the triangle inequality. We prove also analogous results for two pairs of owc self mappings by assuming symmetry only on the set of points of coincidence. These results unify, extend and complement many results existing in the recent literature. Finally, we give an application of our results in dynamic programming.

Common fixed points Weakly compatible mappings Occasionally weakly compatible mappings Contractive condition of integral type Symmetric spacesSettore MAT/05 - Analisi Matematica
researchProduct