Search results for "Weather"
showing 10 items of 360 documents
The Space Weather X-Ray spectrometer for the Helianthus sub-L1 mission with solar photonic propulsion
2022
Copyright 2022 Society of Photo‑Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). One print or electronic copy may be made for personal use only. Systematic reproduction and distribution, duplication of any material in this publication for a fee or for commercial purposes, and modification of the contents of the publication are prohibited. Helianthus is a phase A study of a space weather station with solar photonic propulsion. The scientific payload will be made of: an X-ray spectrometer to detect solar flares; SailCor, a coronagraph with a wide field of view; a plasma analyzer; a magnetometer. The maximum allowed mass for the entire scientific payload shall not exceed 5 kg. The two imaging devices…
Data-driven numerical simulations of the Parker Spiral and interplanetary propagation of solar transients
2023
The accurate reconstruction of the plasma and magnetic field parameters in the ambient interplanetary medium is fundamental to reproduce the interplanetary propagation of solar disturbances such as solar energetic particles (SEPs), stream and corotating interaction regions (SIRs and CIRs), and coronal mass ejections (CMEs), both for understanding the physics of these phenomena and for applications in space weather forecasting. The small-scale features of the ambient solar wind, in fact, affect the evolution, arrival times, and geo-effectiveness of solar transients. The Reverse In situ and MHD Approach (RIMAP) is a hybrid analytical-numerical method to reconstruct the heliosphere on the ecli…
The role of hydrology on enhanced weathering for carbon sequestration in soils
2020
Natural climate solutions are attracting considerable research effort with the aim of reducing greenhouse gas emissions or sequestering carbon within the oceans or terrestrial environments. In this context, enhanced weathering can be a powerful means of increasing the natural weathering reaction rates, by adding some highly reactive minerals to the soil. The present study evaluates the effects of hydrologic fluctuations on Forsterite dissolution, a silicate mineral also known as Mg-olivine. This mineral is available in many parts of the world and its reaction rates with CO2 are much higher than those of other minerals. Toward this goal, we developed a mathematical model coupling biogeochemi…
The role of weather data files in Climate-based Daylight Modeling
2015
Abstract This paper illustrates the results of daylight simulations of a simple standalone office carried out using different weather data files (IWEC, Meteonorm, Satel-Light and TRY), for five European locations (Copenhagen, London, Milan, Nancy, Rome). The aim was to analyze the impact of choosing one weather file or another on the prediction of daylight availability in an indoor environment. Results were analyzed both in terms of Annual and Monthly Light Exposures and dynamic daylight performance metrics. It was demonstrated that IWEC, Meteonorm and Satel-Light weather files determine similar outcomes, instead TRY weather data always produces considerably lower values. Moreover the diffe…
A new approach to model the effect of climate change on the building sector: A climate models data fusion
2020
Several climate models have been developed and used to forecast the effects of the climate changes, however the variability of results due to different models lead to a significant uncertainty on the estimation of the building energy use for the next century. In this context, the paper analyses this uncertainty and combines different climate models in order to improve the robustness of energy consumption predictions. The data of the climate models were then used to generate hourly weather files for the future period 2020-2099 and energy simulations for a case study located in Palermo (Italy) were performed. Results show a wide variability among all models (either alone or combined with our …
Assesment of the Conservation State of Stone Materials in Relation to the Level Environmental Pollution in the Conservation Place
2007
The patina represents a superficial natural alteration of the constituting matter of the work of art. It emerges from the natural and usual stabilization process that the materials of the surface undergo because of the interaction with outdoor agents characterizing the surrounding environment. Besides, it is not linked to an obvious phenomenon of degradation that can be noticed through the change in the original colour of the matter. This is what we intend when we talk about biological patina usually generated by macro and/or micro-organic colonization (fungi, bacteria, alga) which contributes to surface bio-deterioration and thus lead to the formation of orange, red or even brown and dark …
An Effective Satellite Remote Sensing Tool Combining Hardware and Software Solutions
2019
In this paper we propose a new effective remote sensing tool combining hardware and software solutions as an extension of our previous work. In greater detail the tool consists of a low cost receiver subsystem for public weather satellites and a signal and image processing module for several tasks such as signal and image enhancement, image reconstruction and cloud detection. Our solution allows to manage data from satellites effectively with low cost components and portable software solutions. We aim at sampling and processing of the modulated signal entirely in software enabled by Software Defined Radios (SDR) and CPU computational speed overcoming hardware limitation such as high receive…
Small Wind Turbines: Specification, Design, and Economic Evaluation
2016
In this work, we consider various aspects of small wind turbines' (SWTs) design and operation. First, an extensive literature study is presented by considering SWTs specification, market statistics, the smart grid, and the prosumer concepts as well as the most important parameters affecting the efficiency of wind turbines. Then, both the literature review and series of coupled numerical simulations investigating impact of the chosen design solutions on small wind turbine operation are performed. It allowed objective evaluation of different design approaches, which in turn enabled the systematic identification of actual limitations as well as the opportunities for specific design solutions o…
The Sun Is no Fun without Rain
2019
Across cultures, people associate colours with emotions. Here, we test the hypothesis that one driver of this cross-modal correspondence is the physical environment we live in. We focus on a prime example – the association of yellow with joy, – which conceivably arises because yellow is reminiscent of life-sustaining sunshine and pleasant weather. If so, this association should be especially strong in countries where sunny weather is a rare occurrence. We analysed yellow-joy associations of 6625 participants from 55 countries to investigate how yellow-joy associations varied geographically, climatologically, and seasonally. We assessed the distance to the equator, sunshine, precipitation, a…
Nano- to Global-Scale Uncertainties in Terrestrial Enhanced Weathering.
2022
Enhanced weathering (EW) is one of the most promising negative emissions technologies urgently needed to limit global warming to at least below 2 °C, a goal recently reaffirmed at the UN Global Climate Change conference (i.e., COP26). EW relies on the accelerated dissolution of crushed silicate rocks applied to soils and is considered a sustainable solution requiring limited technology. While EW has a high theoretical potential of sequestering CO2, research is still needed to provide accurate estimates of carbon (C) sequestration when applying different silicate materials across distinct climates and major soil types in combination with a variety of plants. Here we elaborate on fundamental …