Search results for "Wert"

A Computational Approach to Vibration Control of Vehicle Engine-Body Systems

2012

In recent years, the noise and vibration of cars have become increasingly important [20, 23, 29, 30, 35]. A major comfort aspect is the transmission of engine-induced vibrations through powertrain mounts into the chassis (see Figure 1). Engine and powertrain mounts are usually designed according to criteria that incorporate a trade-off between the isolation of the engine from the chassis and the restriction of engine movements. The engine mount is an efficient passive means to isolate the car chassis structure from the engine vibration. However, the passive means for isolation is efficient only in the high frequency range. However the vibration disturbance generated by the engine occurs mai…

Power Losses Minimization for Optimal Operating Maps in Power-Split HEVs: A Case Study on the Chevrolet Volt

2021

The power-split architecture is the most promising hybrid electric powertrain. However, a real advantage in energy saving while maintaining high performance can be achieved only by the implementation of a proper energy management strategy. This requires an optimized functional design before and a comprehensive analysis of the powertrain losses after, which could be rather challenging owing to the constructive complexity of the power-split transmission, especially for multi-mode architecture with multiple planetary gearing. This difficulty was overcome by a dimensionless model, already available in the literature, that enables the analysis of any power-split transmission, even in full electr…

Party Positions on Differentiated European Integration in the Nordic Countries: Growing Together, Growing Apart?

2020

The Nordic countries constitute an interesting laboratory for the study of differentiated European Integration. Even though Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden share some historical, cultural, socio-economic and political characteristics, all those countries have ultimately opted for a different kind of relationship with the EU. Whereas Finland, a member of the Eurozone since its inception in 1999, has been considered to be part of the Union’s ‘inner core’ for quite some time, Iceland and Norway, in contrast, have opted to remain outside the EU albeit closely associated via the European Economic Area Agreement. The variation of relationships has also been reflected in Nordic parti…

Valori perduti e perduta libertà. Croce e il dibattito tedesco sulla relatività dei valori

2017

The relativism of values (Werterelativismus) is a problem very central for the historicism debate, which concerned historians and phi- losophers at the beginning of the twentieth century. The historization of all knowledge and all values leads to their historical devaluation. How can values still be formulated and maintained in face of this relativization? This was the question of theorists such as Otto Hintze, Friedrich Meinecke, Max Weber and Ernst Troeltsch, as well as of the philosopher Benedetto Croce in times of emerging Fascism, that was regarded as a political and moral threat. As representatives of an intellectual and social liberalism, these academics developed their own strategie…

Characterization of the Dynamic Interaction between Chassis and Powertrain of a Vehicle Using the Coupling Matrix

2013

International audience; This study is concerned with the vibration transmission between two subsystems of a vehicle: the chassis which is considered as an elastic structure and the powertrain which is considered as a rigid body. The study is carried out based on a new coupling matrix constructed from equations of dynamic behavior of each subsystems. This matrix depends only on the impedance matrices of the two subsystems and the mechanical characteristics of the linking mounts. Under some assumptions, a simplified expression to obtain the overall behaviour of the entire system is proposed. Despite its sensitivity to the degree of coupling between the subsystems, this method can be applied t…

Control of the Transmission Ratio Derivative in Passenger Car Powertrain with CVT

2001

OPTIMAL OPERATION OF POWER-SPLIT HYBRID ELECTRIC POWERTRAIN: COMPARISON BETWEEN TWO PERFORMANCE INDICES

2022

Among all the current environmentally-friendly ground vehicles proposed to reduce fuel consumption and emissions, power-split hybrid electric vehicles represent one of the most promising solutions. Their operation is based on the cooperation of the thermal engine and the electric unit enabled by mechanical transmissions consisting of planetary and ordinary gear sets. However, implementing proper energy management strategies to realise the best powertrain operations is crucial to maximise the environmental gain without compromising performance and drivability. For this purpose, an initial comprehensive analysis of the powertrain response is required. In this respect, this paper relies on a u…

Sorption of uranium(VI) onto ferric oxides in sulfate-rich acid waters.

2003

The mechanisms of the uranium(VI) sorption on schwertmannite and goethite in acid sulfate-rich solutions were studied by Extended X-ray Absorption Fine Structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy. The samples were prepared under N2 atmosphere and initial uranium(VI) concentrations of 1 x 10(-5) (pH 6.5) to 5 x 10(-5) M (pH 4.2). The ionic strength was adjusted using 0.01 M Na2SO4 or 0.01 M NaClO4, respectively. The EXAFS structural parameters for uranium(VI) sorbed on goethite in sulfate-rich, acid and near-neutral solutions indicate that uranium(VI) forms an inner-sphere, mononuclear, bidentate surface complex. This complex is characterized by a uranium-ferric-iron distance of approximately 3.45 A. Ura…

Opracowanie metody oraz optymalizacja warunków immobilizacji inwertazy drożdżowej w żelu alginianowym

2016

Zbadano wpływ różnych stężeń chlorku wapnia oraz czasu kondycjonowania inwertazy drożdżowej (EC 3.2.1.26) izolowanej z drożdży piekarniczych Saccharomyces cerevisiae immobilizowanej w żelu alginianowym. Z wykorzystanych w badaniach różnych stężeń chlorku wapnia (2, 5, 10 i 30%) najwyższą aktywność enzymatyczną uzyskano dla najwyższego wykorzystanego stężenia. Wykazano, że czas 15 minut kondycjonowania żelu alginianowego w chlorku wapnia prowadzi do najefektywniejszego immobilizowania inwertazy. Dodatkowo oceniono wpływ immobilizacji inwertazy drożdżowej na jej aktywność w odniesieniu do wolnej formy tego enzymu w szerokim zakresie pH (3,5; 4,0; 4,5; 5,0; 5,5; 6,0; 6,5) oraz temperatury (21,…

A comparison of force-, velocity- and balanced training approach on force-velocity mechanical outputs and vertical jump height – of national level at…

2019

Master's thesis Sports Science ME517 - University of Agder 2019 INTRODUKSJON.Optimalisering av muskulær power-produksjon har blitt vurderttil å være en essensiell del av prestasjon i ulike idretter, men det foreligger lite litteratur på utøvere på nasjonalt nivå. På bakgrunn av dette,er målet med studien å sammenlikne hvilkettreningsprogram (kraftdominert, hastighetsdominert eller balansert) som er mest gunstig for å øke kraft-hastighetsparametre (F0, V0& Pmax)og vertikal hopphøyde. METODE.Trettifem mannlige elite-utøvere ble rekruttert og delt med stratifisert randomisering ut ifraderes kraft-hastighetsprofil inn i tre ulike treningsgrupper(kraftdominert, hastighetsdominert og balansert), …