Search results for "Wester"

showing 10 items of 1157 documents

Impact of COVID-19 on global HCV elimination efforts.

2021

Background & Aims COVID-19 has placed significant strain on national healthcare systems at a critical moment in the context of hepatitis elimination. Mathematical models can be used to evaluate the possible impact of programmatic delays on hepatitis disease burden. The objective of this analysis was to evaluate the incremental change in hepatitis C liver-related deaths and liver cancer, following a 3-month, 6-month, or 1-year hiatus in hepatitis elimination program progress. Methods Previously developed models were adapted for 110 countries to include a status quo or “no delay” scenario and a “1-year delay” scenario assuming significant disruption in interventions (screening, diagnosis and …

0301 basic medicinePsychological interventioncoronavirusUMIC upper-middle income countriesGlobal HealthUI uncertainty intervalHIC high income countries0302 clinical medicineCost of IllnessLIC low income countriesMedicineUSA United States of AmericaLetter to the EditorMathematical modellingPWID people who inject drugsLiver DiseaseLiver DiseasesVaccinationmathematical modelingGBD Global Burden of DiseaseHepatitis CSVR sustained virologic responseEuropeHCV hepatitis C virusHepatocellular carcinomaHCVGHSS Global Health Sector StrategyRNA Viral030211 gastroenterology & hepatologyAMR region of the AmericasLiver cancerViral hepatitisHumanCarcinoma HepatocellularCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)EMR Eastern Mediterranean regionViral hepatitis eliminationviral hepatitisContext (language use)World Health OrganizationArticleWHO World Health OrganizationTime-to-Treatment03 medical and health scienceseliminationEnvironmental healthHumansLMIC lower-middle income countriesDisease EradicationDisease burdenHepatitisHepatologySARS-CoV-2business.industryWPR Western Pacific regionCOVID-19Models Theoreticalmedicine.diseaseCost of Illne030104 developmental biologySpainHCC hepatocellular carcinomabusinessJournal of hepatology
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JAK2 mediates lung fibrosis, pulmonary vascular remodelling and hypertension in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: an experimental study

2018

BackgroundPulmonary hypertension (PH) is a common disorder in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and portends a poor prognosis. Recent studies using vasodilators approved for PH have failed in improving IPF mainly due to ventilation (V)/perfusion (Q) mismatching and oxygen desaturation. Janus kinase type 2 (JAK2) is a non-receptor tyrosine kinase activated by a broad spectrum of profibrotic and vasoactive mediators, but its role in PH associated to PH is unknown.ObjectiveThe study of JAK2 as potential target to treat PH in IPF.Methods and resultsJAK2 expression was increased in pulmonary arteries (PAs) from IPF (n=10; 1.93-fold; P=0.0011) and IPF+PH (n=9; 2.65-fold; P<0.00…

0301 basic medicinePulmonary and Respiratory Medicinemedicine.medical_specialtyHypertension PulmonaryBlotting WesternMyocytes Smooth MuscleFluorescent Antibody TechniqueVasodilationVascular RemodelingReal-Time Polymerase Chain ReactionVascular remodelling in the embryo03 medical and health sciencesIdiopathic pulmonary fibrosisTransforming Growth Factor betaRight ventricular hypertrophyInternal medicinepulmonary hypertensionAnimalsHumansMedicineRNA Small InterferingRats WistarCells CulturedCell ProliferationBKCaJanus kinase 2biologybusiness.industryEndothelial CellsJanus Kinase 2idiopathic pulmonary fibrosismedicine.diseaseImmunohistochemistryPulmonary hypertensionIdiopathic Pulmonary FibrosisTriterpenesRatsPhenotype030104 developmental biologyJAK2biology.proteinCardiologyAnimal studiesJanus kinasebusinessSignal TransductionPulmonary artery smooth muscle cells Pulmonary artery endothelial cells.Thorax
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Cabozantinib targets bone microenvironment modulating human osteoclast and osteoblast functions

2016

Cabozantinib, a c-MET and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 inhibitor, demonstrated to prolong progression free survival and improve skeletal disease-related endpoints in castration-resistant prostate cancer and in metastatic renal carcinoma. Our purpose is to investigate the direct effect of cabozantinib on bone microenvironment using a total human model of primary osteoclasts and osteoblasts.Osteoclasts were differentiated from monocytes isolated from healthy donors; osteoblasts were derived from human mesenchymal stem cells obtained from bone fragments of orthopedic surgery patients. Osteoclast activity was evaluated by tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining and …

0301 basic medicinePyridines -- pharmacologyPyridinesPyridineImmunoenzyme TechniqueOsteoclastsApoptosisRANK Ligand -- genetics -- metabolismImmunoenzyme Techniqueschemistry.chemical_compoundBone Resorption -- drug therapy -- metabolism -- pathology0302 clinical medicineOsteogenesisCathepsin KMedicineAnilidesAnilides -- pharmacologyOsteoprotegerin -- genetics -- metabolismOsteoclasts -- cytology -- drug effects -- physiologyHuman primary cellCells CulturedTartrate-resistant acid phosphataseReceptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-kappa B -- genetics -- metabolismbiologyProto-Oncogene Proteins c-met -- genetics -- metabolismReceptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-kappa BReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionOsteoblastOsteogenesiOsteoblastCell DifferentiationSciences bio-médicales et agricolesProto-Oncogene Proteins c-metOsteoblasts -- cytology -- drug effects -- physiologymedicine.anatomical_structureCell Differentiation -- drug effectsOncologyRANKL030220 oncology & carcinogenesishuman primary cellsOsteoclastosteoprotegerin (OPG)bone microenvironmentHumanResearch Papermusculoskeletal diseasesmedicine.medical_specialtyCabozantinibBlotting WesternOsteogenesis -- drug effects -- physiologyReal-Time Polymerase Chain ReactionBone resorption03 medical and health sciencesOsteoprotegerinOsteoclastcabozantinibInternal medicineHumansRNA MessengerBone ResorptionCell ProliferationOsteoblastsbusiness.industryRANK LigandAnilideOsteoprotegerinApoptosiBone microenvironment; Cabozantinib; Human primary cells; Osteoprotegerin (OPG); Receptor activator of nuclear factor-kb ligand (RANKL); Anilides; Apoptosis; Blotting Western; Bone Resorption; Cell Differentiation; Cell Proliferation; Cells Cultured; Humans; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Osteoblasts; Osteoclasts; Osteogenesis; Osteoprotegerin; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-met; Pyridines; RANK Ligand; RNA Messenger; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-kappa B; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; Oncology030104 developmental biologyEndocrinologychemistrybiology.proteinbusinessRNA Messenger -- geneticsreceptor activator of nuclear factor-kb ligand (RANKL)
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Down-Regulation of CD62L Shedding in T Cells by CD39+ Regulatory T Cells Leads to Defective Sensitization in Contact Hypersensitivity Reactions

2016

Injection of regulatory T cells (Tregs) followed by sensitization with 2,4,6-trinitrochlorobenzene induced a transient increase in size and cellularity of skin-draining lymph nodes (LNs) in mice. This led us to hypothesize that Tregs may affect the trafficking of T cells from and to peripheral LNs. Two to three hours after sensitization, we found fewer CD8+ T cells expressing CD62L in LNs compared with untreated controls. Injection of wild-type Tregs prevented this down-regulation of CD62L. In contrast, Tregs devoid of the adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-degrading ecto-enzyme CD39 were unable to do so. As for the mechanism of CD62L regulation, we found that ATP, which is released in skin upon …

0301 basic medicineRegulatory T cellBlotting WesternMedizinDown-Regulationchemical and pharmacologic phenomenaDermatologyT-Lymphocytes RegulatoryBiochemistryArticleMice03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundAdenosine Triphosphate0302 clinical medicineImmune systemDownregulation and upregulationAntigenAntigens CDReference ValuesmedicineAnimalsImmunologic FactorsL-SelectinMolecular BiologyCells CulturedSensitizationintegumentary systemChemistryApyrasehemic and immune systemsCell BiologyDendritic cellFlow CytometryCell biologyMice Inbred C57BL030104 developmental biologymedicine.anatomical_structureEpidermal CellsDermatitis Allergic ContactImmunologyImmunizationLymph NodesEpidermisAdenosine triphosphateCD8030215 immunologyJournal of Investigative Dermatology
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Progressive Characterization of Visual Phenotype in Bardet-Biedl Syndrome Mutant Mice

2019

Purpose Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS) is an archetypical ciliopathy caused by defective ciliary trafficking and consequent function. Insights gained from BBS mouse models are applicable to other syndromic and nonsyndromic retinal diseases. This progressive characterization of the visual phenotype in three BBS mouse models sets a baseline for testing therapeutic interventions. Methods Longitudinal acquisition of electroretinograms, optical coherence tomography scans, and visual acuity using the optomotor reflex in Bbs6/Mkks, Bbs8/Ttc8, and Bbs5 knockout mice. Gene and protein expression analysis in vivo and in vitro. Results Complete loss of BBS5, BBS6, or BBS8 leads to different rates of reti…

0301 basic medicineRetinal degenerationAgingBBSomeGenotyping Techniquesgenetic structuresBlotting WesternGroup II ChaperoninsBBS5030105 genetics & heredityBiologyReal-Time Polymerase Chain ReactionRetinaMKKSMice03 medical and health sciencesBardet–Biedl syndromeElectroretinographymedicineAnimalsBardet-Biedl SyndromeVision OcularMice Knockoutmedicine.diagnostic_testRetinal DegenerationPhosphate-Binding Proteinsmedicine.diseaseImmunohistochemistryMice Mutant StrainsCytoskeletal ProteinsDisease Models AnimalCiliopathyPhenotype030104 developmental biologyKnockout mouseCarrier ProteinsMicrotubule-Associated ProteinsNeuroscienceTomography Optical CoherenceSignal TransductionElectroretinographyInvestigative Opthalmology & Visual Science
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Induction of skeletal abnormalities and autophagy in Paracentrotus lividus sea urchin embryos exposed to gadolinium.

2017

Abstract Gadolinium (Gd) concentration is constantly increasing in the aquatic environment, becoming an emergent environmental pollutant. We investigated the effects of Gd on Paracentrotus lividus sea urchin embryos, focusing on skeletogenesis and autophagy. We observed a delay of biomineral deposition at 24 hours post fertilization (hpf), and a strong impairment of skeleton growth at 48 hpf, frequently displayed by an asymmetrical pattern. Skeleton growth was found partially resumed in recovery experiments. The mesodermal cells designated to biomineralization were found correctly migrated at 24 hpf, but not at 48 hpf. Western blot analysis showed an increase of the LC3-II autophagic marker…

0301 basic medicineSea urchinWater Pollutants Radioactiveanimal structuresEmbryo NonmammalianMorphogenesisGadolinium010501 environmental sciencesAquatic ScienceEcotoxicologyOceanography01 natural sciencesParacentrotus lividuslaw.inventionEnvironmental impact03 medical and health sciencesDevelopmental abnormalityWestern blotConfocal microscopylawbiology.animalmedicineAutophagyAnimalsSettore BIO/06 - Anatomia Comparata E CitologiaSea urchin0105 earth and related environmental sciencesbiologymedicine.diagnostic_testMetalfungiAutophagyEmbryoGeneral MedicineAnatomybiology.organism_classificationSkeleton (computer programming)PollutionCell biology030104 developmental biologySkeletogenesiMedical drugEmbryoembryonic structuresParacentrotusMarine environmental research
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Rett Syndrome Mutant Neural Cells Lacks MeCP2 Immunoreactive Bands.

2016

Dysfunctions of MeCP2 protein lead to various neurological disorders such as Rett syndrome and Autism. The exact functions of MeCP2 protein is still far from clear. At a molecular level, there exist contradictory data. MeCP2 protein is considered a single immunoreactive band around 75 kDa by western-blot analysis but several reports have revealed the existence of multiple MeCP2 immunoreactive bands above and below the level where MeCP2 is expected. MeCP2 immunoreactive bands have been interpreted in different ways. Some researchers suggest that multiple MeCP2 immunoreactive bands are unidentified proteins that cross-react with the MeCP2 antibody or degradation product of MeCP2, while others…

0301 basic medicineThreonineHeredityMethyl-CpG-Binding Protein 2Genetic LinkageMutantFluorescent Antibody TechniqueSocial Scienceslcsh:MedicinePC12 CellsBiochemistryEpitopeImmunoenzyme TechniquesCell FusionNeuroblastomaFluorescence MicroscopyAnimal CellsMedicine and Health SciencesPsychologyPost-Translational ModificationPhosphorylationAmino Acidslcsh:ScienceCells CulturedCross ReactivityNeuronsStainingMicroscopyMultidisciplinaryReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionOrganic CompoundsCell StainingLight MicroscopyTransfectionChemistryX-Linked TraitsSex LinkagePhysical SciencesCellular TypesResearch ArticleCell signalingCell Physiologycongenital hereditary and neonatal diseases and abnormalitiesBlotting WesternImmunologyRett syndromeBiologyReal-Time Polymerase Chain ReactionResearch and Analysis MethodsMECP203 medical and health sciencesNeurologiaAntigenHydroxyl Amino Acidsmental disordersmedicineRett SyndromeGeneticsAnimalsHumansRNA MessengerClinical GeneticsHEK 293 cellsOrganic Chemistrylcsh:RChemical CompoundsBiology and Life SciencesProteinsCell Biologymedicine.diseaseMolecular biologyRatsnervous system diseases030104 developmental biologyHEK293 CellsSpecimen Preparation and TreatmentCellular NeuroscienceMutationDevelopmental PsychologyMalaltieslcsh:QNeuroscience
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Iron-loaded transferrin (Tf) is detrimental whereas iron-free Tf confers protection against brain ischemia by modifying blood Tf saturation and subse…

2018

Despite transferrin being the main circulating carrier of iron in body fluids, and iron overload conditions being known to worsen stroke outcome through reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced damage, the contribution of blood transferrin saturation (TSAT) to stroke brain damage is unknown. The objective of this study was to obtain evidence on whether TSAT determines the impact of experimental ischemic stroke on brain damage and whether iron-free transferrin (apotransferrin, ATf)-induced reduction of TSAT is neuroprotective. We found that experimental ischemic stroke promoted an early extravasation of circulating iron-loaded transferrin (holotransferrin, HTf) to the ischemic brain parenchyma.…

0301 basic medicineU-PAGE urea-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresisMaleClinical BiochemistryExperimental strokeBiochemistryBrain IschemiaBrain ischemia0302 clinical medicineADC apparent diffusion coefficientApotransferrinDWI diffusion-weighted imagingTANDEM-1 Thrombolysis and Deferoxamine in Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion clinical trialrHTf rat HTfrATf rat ATflcsh:QH301-705.5chemistry.chemical_classificationNeuronslcsh:R5-920ChemistryTransferrinExtravasationNS21 a medium supplement to grow neuronspDAPK-1 phosphorylated anti-death-associated protein kinase 1NeuroprotectionStrokeWB Western blotFemalemedicine.symptomlcsh:Medicine (General)Research PaperhHTf human HTfPC12 cell line derived from a pheochromocytoma of the rat adrenal medullamedicine.medical_specialtyIron OverloadBBB blood-brain barrierNMDAR N-methyl-D-aspartate receptorDCF dihydrofluoresceinIronWGA wheat germ agglutininHTf holotransferrinTransferrin receptorBrain damageTfR transferrin receptorDeferoxamineNeuroprotectionPI propidium iodide03 medical and health sciencesBrain damageCM conditioned mediumROS reactive oxygen speciesInternal medicine4-HNE 4-hydroxynonenalTf transferrinReceptors TransferrinmedicineFeRhoNoxTM-1 probe to detect Fe2+AnimalsHumansATf apotransferrinCM-H2DCFDA 5-chloromethyl-27-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetateMCAO middle cerebral artery occlusionDMT-1 divalent metal transporterB-27 a medium supplement to grow neuronsReactive oxygen speciesNMDA N-methyl-D-aspartateTSAT blood transferrin saturationTransferrin saturationBlood transferrin saturation (TSAT)Organic ChemistryNIR near infraredReactive oxygen species (ROS)medicine.diseasepMCAO permanent middle cerebral artery occlusionRatsPWI perfusion-weighted imaging030104 developmental biologyEndocrinologylcsh:Biology (General)TransferrinDAPK-1 anti-death-associated protein kinaseOGD oxygen/glucose deprivationTTC 235-triphenyl-tetrazolium chlorideLipid PeroxidationMCA middle cerebral arteryApoproteinsReactive Oxygen SpeciesMRI magnetic resonance imagingtMCAO transient middle cerebral artery occlusion030217 neurology & neurosurgeryhATf human ATf
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Biological Effect of a Hybrid Anticancer Agent Based on Kinase and Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors on Triple-Negative (MDA-MB231) Breast Cancer Cells

2016

We examined the effects of the histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) suberoylanilide\ud hydroxamic acid (SAHA) combined with the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1/2 inhibitor\ud (3Z)-5-hydroxy-3-(1H-pyrrol-2-ylmethylidene)-2,3-dihydro-1H-indol-2-one on MDA-MB-231 breast\ud cancer cells (triple-negative) in the form of both a cocktail of the separate compounds and a chemically\ud synthesized hybrid (N-hydroxy-N'-[(3Z)-2-oxo-3-(1H-pyrrol-2-ylmethylidene)-2,3-dihydro-1H-indol-\ud 5-yl]octanediamide). Comparative flow cytometric and Western blot analyses were performed on\ud cocktail- and hybrid-treated cells to evaluate cell cycle distribution, autophagy/apoptosis modulation,\ud an…

0301 basic medicineVascular Endothelial Growth Factor AIndolesCytotoxicityTriple Negative Breast Neoplasmsbreast cancer; MDA-MB231 cells; histone deacetylase inhibitor; vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 inhibitor; cytotoxicity; cell cycle; apoptosis; autophagy; mitochondrial metabolismHydroxamic AcidsCatalysi0302 clinical medicineBreast cancerTumor Cells CulturedCytotoxic T cellSettore BIO/06 - Anatomia Comparata E CitologiaSpectroscopyVorinostatVascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 inhibitorApoptosis; Autophagy; Breast cancer; Cell cycle; Cytotoxicity; Histone deacetylase inhibitor; MDA-MB231 cells; Mitochondrial metabolism; Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 inhibitor; Catalysis; Molecular Biology; Spectroscopy; Computer Science Applications1707 Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition; Physical and Theoretical Chemistry; Organic Chemistry; Inorganic ChemistryKinaseHistone deacetylase inhibitorapoptosisComputer Science Applications1707 Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionGeneral MedicineCell cycleFlow CytometryComputer Science ApplicationsCell biologyMDA-MB231 cell030220 oncology & carcinogenesisFemaleQD0241Programmed cell deathmedicine.drug_classCell SurvivalBlotting WesternAntineoplastic AgentsBiologyCell cycleCatalysisArticleInorganic Chemistry03 medical and health sciencesmedicineAutophagyHumansPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryProtein Kinase InhibitorsMolecular BiologyQD0415Histone deacetylase inhibitorAutophagyOrganic ChemistryApoptosiHistone Deacetylase Inhibitors030104 developmental biologyApoptosisMitochondrial metabolismMDA-MB231 cellsHistone deacetylaseInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences; Volume 17; Issue 8; Pages: 1235
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Alterations in Tight- and Adherens-Junction Proteins Related to Glaucoma Mimicked in the Organotypically Cultivated Mouse Retina Under Elevated Press…

2020

Purpose To scrutinize alterations in cellular interactions and cell signaling in the glaucomatous retina, mouse retinal explants were exposed to elevated pressure. Methods Retinal explants were prepared from C57bl6 mice and cultivated in a pressure chamber under normotensive (atmospheric pressure + 0 mm Hg), moderately elevated (30 mm Hg), and highly elevated (60 mm Hg) pressure conditions. The expression levels of proteins involved in the formation of tight junctions (zonula occludens 1 [ZO-1], occludin, and claudin-5) and adherens junctions (VE-cadherin and β-catenin) and in cell-signaling cascades (Cdc42 and activated Cdc42 kinase 1 [ACK1]), as well as the expression levels of the growth…

0301 basic medicineelevated pressureBlotting WesternVimentinReal-Time Polymerase Chain ReactionOccludinRetinaTight JunctionsAdherens junctionMice03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundOrgan Culture Techniques0302 clinical medicineAntigens CDOccludinmedicinecell signalingAnimalscell contactsEye Proteinscdc42 GTP-Binding ProteinReceptorretina explantsmousebeta CateninRetinabiologyTight junctionGlial fibrillary acidic proteinChemistryGlaucomaRetinalAdherens JunctionsProtein-Tyrosine KinasesCadherinsImmunohistochemistryCell biologyMice Inbred C57BLAtmospheric Pressure030104 developmental biologymedicine.anatomical_structure030220 oncology & carcinogenesisZonula Occludens-1 Proteinbiology.proteinInvestigative Opthalmology & Visual Science
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