Search results for "Width"

showing 10 items of 690 documents

New constraints on the Al 25 (p,γ) reaction and its influence on the flux of cosmic γ rays from classical nova explosions

2021

The astrophysical Al25(p,γ)Si26 reaction represents one of the key remaining uncertainties in accurately modeling the abundance of radiogenic Al26 ejected from classical novae. Specifically, the strengths of key proton-unbound resonances in Si26, that govern the rate of the Al25(p,γ) reaction under explosive astrophysical conditions, remain unsettled. Here, we present a detailed spectroscopy study of the Si26 mirror nucleus Mg26. We have measured the lifetime of the 3+, 6.125-MeV state in Mg26 to be 19(3)fs and provide compelling evidence for the existence of a 1- state in the T=1,A=26 system, indicating a previously unaccounted for=1 resonance in the Al25(p,γ) reaction. Using the presently…

Nucleon induced nuclear reactionsRadiative captureNuclear astrophysicsNuclear reactionsLifetimes and widthsNuclear structure and decaysNucleosynthesis in explosive environments
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Physiological advantages of dwarfing in surviving extinctions in high-CO2 oceans

2015

Excessive CO2 in the present-day ocean-atmosphere system is causing ocean acidification, and is likely to cause a severe biodiversity decline in the future, mirroring effects in many past mass extinctions. Fossil records demonstrate that organisms surviving such events were often smaller than those before, a phenomenon called the Lilliput effect. Here, we show that two gastropod species adapted to acidified seawater at shallow-water CO2 seeps were smaller than those found in normal pH conditions and had higher mass-specific energy consumption but significantly lower whole-animal metabolic energy demand. These physiological changes allowed the animals to maintain calcification and to partial…

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)IdentificationSalinityTemperateBicarbonate ion standard deviationBottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L)Alkalinity total standard deviationinorganicAlkalinityExperimentTemperature waterCarbon inorganic dissolvedWidthCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al 2010Aragonite saturation stateRespiration rate oxygenAlkalinity totalBottles or small containers Aquaria 20 LtotalCO2 ventpHRespirationCalcification rate of calcium carbonateTemperatureMonthdissolvedCarbonate ionLaboratory experimentPartial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)Temperature water standard deviationRespiration rateEarth System ResearchField observationstandard deviationThicknessCalcification/DissolutionPotentiometric titrationCalcite saturation statePotentiometricwaterPartial pressure of carbon dioxideSiteGrowth MorphologyFigureAragonite saturation state standard deviationBenthosMediterranean SeaOcean Acidification International Coordination Centre OA ICCCalcite saturation state standard deviationAnimaliaBicarbonate ionLONGITUDECalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)SpeciesCyclope neriteaBottles or small containers/Aquaria (&lt;20 L)Calculated using CO2SYSHeightPartial pressure of carbon dioxide standard deviationCarbonate system computation flagpH standard deviationCarbonate ion standard deviationFugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)CarbonHeight/width ratioTreatmentPartial pressure of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet airCarbon dioxideMolluscaGrowth/MorphologySingle speciesCalcification DissolutionLATITUDEHeight width ratioBenthic animalsFugacity of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet airCoast and continental shelfNassarius corniculusoxygenTable
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Identification of a Hammerstein model for DC/DC converters operating in CCM

2005

This paper deals with a method for identification of a Hammerstein model of DC-DC converters operating in continuous conduction mode (CCM). This model has the duty cycle and the output voltage as input and output, respectively; it consists of a static nonlinearity and a linear and time-invariant model. The aim of the modeling the system by means of a Hammerstein model is due to its capability of describing the converter in a range of steady-state operating points instead of a desired well defined operating point as occurs for the small-signal models which are the more common mathematical description to approach the study of the converters themselves. The nonlinear characteristic of the Hamm…

Operating pointEngineeringbusiness.industryLinear modelSteady-state operating systemConvertersContinuous conduction mode (CCM)Nonlinear systemSettore ING-INF/04 - AutomaticaDuty cycleControl theoryTransient responseTransient (oscillation)businessHammerstein modelPulse-width modulation
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Towards CEP stable sub two cycle IR pulse compression with bulk material

2010

We demonstrate both experimentally and numerically that self-steepening during propagation in a hollow-fiber followed by linear propagation through glass in the anomalous dispersion enables pulse compression down to 1.9 cycles at 1.8 micron wavelength.

Optical amplifierFemtosecond pulse shapingMaterials sciencebusiness.industryPhysics::OpticsSecond-harmonic generationAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsWavelengthOpticsPulse compressionOptoelectronicsHigh harmonic generationHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentbusinessSelf-phase modulationBandwidth-limited pulseFrontiers in Optics 2010/Laser Science XXVI
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Amplifier similariton fibre laser with nonlinear spectral compression

2012

We propose and numerically demonstrate a new concept of fibre laser architecture supporting self-similar pulse evolution in the amplifier and nonlinear pulse spectral compression in the passive fibre. The latter process is beneficial for improving the power efficiency as it prevents strong spectral filtering from being highly dissipative.

Optical amplifierFemtosecond pulse shaping[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics][PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]Materials science[ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]business.industryAmplifierNonlinear optics01 natural sciences7. Clean energyPulse shaping010309 opticsOpticsFiber laser0103 physical sciencesOptoelectronics010306 general physicsbusinessUltrashort pulseBandwidth-limited pulse
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Polymer/Perovskite Amplifying Waveguides for Active Hybrid Silicon Photonics

2015

The emission properties of hybrid halide perovskites are exploited to implement a stable and very low power operation waveguide optical amplifier integrated in a silicon platform. By optimizing its design with a poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) encapsulation, this novel photonic device presents a net gain of around 10 dB cm−1 and 3–4 nm linewidth with an energy threshold as low as 2 nJ pulse−1 and exhibiting no degradation after one year. This work was supported by Generalitat Valenciana (Project No. ISIC/2012/008), the Universitat Jaume I (Project No. 12I361.01/1), Spanish MINECO (Projects Nos. MAT2013-47192-C3-1-R and TEC2014-53727-C2-1-R) and EU-NAVOLCHI (Project No. 288869).

Optical amplifierHybrid halide perovskitesMaterials scienceSilicon photonicsSiliconbusiness.industryOperation waveguide optical amplifierMechanical Engineeringchemistry.chemical_elementNanotechnologyPoly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) encapsulationPhotonic devicelaw.inventionLaser linewidthchemistryMechanics of MaterialslawNet gainOptoelectronicsGeneral Materials SciencePhotonicsbusinessWaveguidePerovskite (structure)
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Transform-limited pulses generated by an actively Q-switched distributed fiber laser.

2008

A single-mode, transform-limited, actively Q-switched distributed-feedback fiber laser is presented, based on a new in-line acoustic pulse generator. Our technique permits a continuous adjustment of the repetition rate that modulates the Q factor of the cavity. Optical pulses of 800 mW peak power, 32 ns temporal width, and up to 20 kHz repetition rates were obtained. The measured linewidth demonstrates that these pulses are transform limited: 6 MHz for a train of pulses of 10 kHz repetition rate, 80 ns temporal width, and 60 mW peak power. Efficient excitation of spontaneous Brillouin scattering is demonstrated.

Optical amplifierLaser linewidthMaterials scienceOpticsBrillouin scatteringbusiness.industryQ factorFiber laserPulse generatorbusinessQ-switchingAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsExcitationOptics letters
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Injection-Locked Flashlamp-Pumped Dye Lasers Of Very Narrow Linewidth

1988

Very high spectral quality flashlamp-pumped dye lasers are described, in which spectral narrowing is achieved by injection-locking of pulsed amplifying cavities to the wavelength of low power single-mode cw lasers. With the help of a fast electronic stabilization of the cavity length, we obtain a reliable complete injection. Peak powers up to 12 kW in 300 ns at a bandwith of 6 MHz are achieved over a 150 nm tuning range between 572 and 722 nm. The repetition rate is 10 Hz, limited mainly by the circulating pumps. Applications of these lasers are found in high resolution coherent Raman spectroscopy and nonlinear difference frequency mixing.

Optical amplifierMaterials scienceDye laserbusiness.industryPhysics::OpticsInjection seederLaserlaw.inventionWavelengthLaser linewidthResonatorOpticslawOptoelectronicsbusinessTunable laserPulse Single-Frequency Lasers: Technology and Applications
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Oligonucleotide-Hybridization Fiber-Optic Biosensor using a Narrow Bandwidth Long Period Grating

2017

Nanometric narrowband Long Period Gratings (LPG) are investigated for the implementation of improved fiber optic biosensors. The reduction of more than one order of magnitude in the linewidth of the LPG with respect standard LPG at 1500 nm, leads to the improvement of the resolution of the sensor. By selecting the proper fabrication parameters (high numerical aperture, relatively high order mode and large length), LPGs with a 3-dB bandwidth of 1.5 nm were fabricated. The sensitivity of the LPG as a refractometer was calculated, and experimentally characterized in detail. In particular, the LP0,17 and LP0,18 resonances were investigated, in order to select the most suitable one for the bioex…

Optical fiberMaterials scienceGratingFiber optics01 natural scienceslaw.invention010309 opticsLaser linewidthNarrowbandOpticsRefractometerlaw0103 physical sciencesTransmittanceElectrical and Electronic EngineeringInstrumentationFiber gratingsbusiness.industry010401 analytical chemistryFiber optics sensorsUNESCO::FÍSICA::Óptica ::Fibras ópticas0104 chemical sciencesWavelengthBiosensors:FÍSICA::Óptica ::Fibras ópticas [UNESCO]businessRefractive index
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Fiber-based measurement of temporal intensity and phase profiles of an optical telecommunication pulse through self-phase modulation

2018

International audience; We propose and experimentally validate an all-fiber based approach to characterize the phase and intensity profiles of optical pulses. Based on three optical spectra affected by different levels of self-phase modulation, we were able to reconstruct the temporal details of pulses typical of optical telecommunications.

Optical fiberMaterials scienceOptical communicationPhysics::OpticsPolarization-maintaining optical fiber02 engineering and technologyOptical time-domain reflectometerOptical modulation amplitudepulse characterization01 natural scienceslaw.invention010309 opticsOpticslaw0103 physical sciencesElectrical and Electronic EngineeringSelf-phase modulationfiber optics[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics][ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]business.industrynonlinear optics021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materials0210 nano-technologybusinessUltrashort pulseBandwidth-limited pulse
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