Search results for "Wild"

showing 10 items of 542 documents

A Quantum Mechanic/Molecular Mechanic Study of the Wild-Type and N155S Mutant HIV-1 Integrase Complexed with Diketo Acid

2008

Integrase (IN) is one of the three human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) enzymes essential for effective viral replication. Recently, mutation studies have been reported that have shown that a certain degree of viral resistance to diketo acids (DKAs) appears when some amino acid residues of the IN active site are mutated. Mutations represent a fascinating experimental challenge, and we invite theoretical simulations for the disclosure of still unexplored features of enzyme reactions. The aim of this work is to understand the molecular mechanisms of HIV-1 IN drug resistance, which will be useful for designing anti-HIV inhibitors with unique resistance profiles. In this study, we use mo…

Models MolecularProtein ConformationStereochemistryBiophysicsIntegrase inhibitorIntegrase InhibitorsHIV IntegraseBiophysical Theory and ModelingMechanicsMolecular mechanicsProtein structureComputer SimulationMagnesiumTernary complexBinding SitesbiologyChemistryAminobutyratesWild typeActive siteLigand (biochemistry)PhenylbutyratesIntegraseModels ChemicalMultiprotein ComplexesMutagenesis Site-Directedbiology.proteinQuantum TheoryProtein BindingBiophysical Journal
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The Monod-Wyman-Changeux allosteric model accounts for the quaternary transition dynamics in wild type and a recombinant mutant human hemoglobin

2012

International audience; The acknowledged success of the Monod-Wyman-Changeux (MWC) allosteric model stems from its efficacy in accounting for the functional behavior of many complex proteins starting with hemoglobin (the paradigmatic case) and extending to channels and receptors. The kinetic aspects of the allosteric model, however, have been often neglected, with the exception of hemoglobin and a few other proteins where conformational relaxations can be triggered by a short and intense laser pulse, and monitored by time-resolved optical spectroscopy. Only recently the application of time-resolved wide-angle X-ray scattering (TR-WAXS), a direct structurally sensitive technique, unveiled th…

Models MolecularProtein ConformationcooperativityMESH: Catalytic DomainCooperativity01 natural sciencesMESH: Recombinant ProteinsHemoglobinsProtein structureMESH: Protein ConformationCatalytic Domainprotein structural dynamicsMESH: Allosteric Site0303 health sciencesMultidisciplinaryallosterybiologyMESH: KineticsChemistryBiological SciencesRecombinant Proteins[SDV.BBM.BP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry Molecular Biology/BiophysicsMESH: HemoglobinsAllosteric SiteMESH: Models MolecularAdultMESH: MutationStereochemistryKineticsAllosteric regulation010402 general chemistry03 medical and health sciencesprotein conformational changesflash photolysisallostery; cooperativity; flash photolysis; hemoglobin; protein conformational changes; protein structural dynamics; time-resolved wide angle x ray scattering; time-resolved x-ray scatteringHumans030304 developmental biologytime-resolved X-ray scattering; protein conformational changes; cooperativity; flash photolysisMESH: Humanstime-resolved X-ray scatteringWild typeActive sitetime-resolved wide angle x ray scatteringMESH: AdulthemoglobinSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)0104 chemical sciencesprotein conformational changeKineticsAllosteric enzymeMutationbiology.proteinHemoglobin
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Wild Sicilian Rosemary: Phytochemical and Morphological Screening and Antioxidant Activity Evaluation of Extracts and Essential Oils

2015

To identify the best biotypes, an extensive survey of Sicilian wild rosemary was carried out by collecting 57 samples from various sites, followed by taxonomic characterization from an agronomic perspective. All the biotypes collected were classified as Rosmarinus officinalis L. A cluster analysis based on the morphological characteristics of the plants allowed the division of the biotypes into seven main groups, although the characteristics examined were found to be highly similar and not area-dependent. Moreover, all samples were analyzed for their phytochemical content, applying an extraction protocol to obtain the nonvolatile components and hydrodistillation to collect the essential oil…

MonoterpenePhytochemicalsAntioxidant activity Cluster Analysis (CA) Essential oils Rosmarinus officinalis SicilyBioengineeringBiochemistryFlavonesAntioxidantsRosmarinusBorneolchemistry.chemical_compoundCamphorAntioxidant activityCluster Analysis (CA)Rosemary; Lamiaceae; Bioagronomic characterization; Essential oil; Polyphenols; Antioxidant activity.LedumOils VolatileWild rosemary biotyoeSicilyMolecular Biologychemistry.chemical_classificationChromatographyMolecular StructurebiologyPlant Extractsagronomic evaluationGeneral ChemistryGeneral Medicinebiology.organism_classificationSettore AGR/02 - Agronomia E Coltivazioni ErbaceePhytochemicalchemistryEssential oilsOfficinalisRosmarinus officinalisMolecular MedicineCamphenephytochemical evaluationChemistry & Biodiversity
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Mountain wild spaces in Portuguese northwest

2011

Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT)

Mountain wild spacesPortuguese northwest
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A Multivariate Analysis on Non-nucleoside HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors and Resistance Induced by Mutation

2003

This paper describes the use of multivariate statistical procedure PCA as a tool to explore the inhibitory activity of classes of NNRTIs against HIV-1 viruses (wild type and more frequent mutants, Y181C, V106A, K103N, L100I) and against RT enzyme. The analysis of correlations between biological activity and molecular descriptors or similarity indexes allowed a reliable classification of the fifty five derivatives considered in this study. The best results were obtained in the case of L100I and K103N mutants for which the higher number of assignments was found when the principal components derived from the descriptors were used. On this basis this statistical approach is proposed as a reliab…

Multivariate analysisOrganic ChemistryMutantWild typevirus diseasesBiological activityComputational biologyBiologyBioinformaticsSettore CHIM/08 - Chimica FarmaceuticaReverse transcriptaseComputer Science ApplicationsMolecular descriptorDrug DiscoveryMutation (genetic algorithm)Principal component analysisNNRTIs PCA DA resistance mutation
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Brominated flame retardants and toxic elements in the meat and liver of red deer (Cervus elaphus), wild boar (Sus scrofa), and moose (Alces alces) fr…

2017

In order to evaluate the contamination status of terrestrial biota in Latvia, muscle and liver tissues of red deer (Cervus elaphus), wild boar (Sus scrofa), and moose (Alces alces) were analyzed for the content of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE), hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD), tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), as well as cadmium and lead. The highest mean concentrations of PBDEs (46.6pgg-1 wet weight (w.w.)), cadmium (0.95mgkg-1 w.w.), and lead (0.22mgkg-1 w.w.) were observed in the tissues of moose, while the wild boar samples contained the highest levels of HBCD, with the mean concentration equal to 264pgg-1 w.w. in muscle tissues. Generally low mean concentrations of TBBPA from 0.52 t…

Muscle tissueEnvironmental EngineeringPolybrominated BiphenylsSus scrofa0211 other engineering and technologiesZoologychemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technology010501 environmental sciencesBiology01 natural scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundPolybrominated diphenyl ethersWild boarbiology.animalmedicineHalogenated Diphenyl EthersEnvironmental ChemistryAnimalsWaste Management and Disposal0105 earth and related environmental sciencesFlame RetardantsHexabromocyclododecane021110 strategic defence & security studiesCadmiumDeerPollutionLatviaHydrocarbons BrominatedRed Meatmedicine.anatomical_structureCongenerchemistryLiverBioaccumulationTetrabromobisphenol AEnvironmental MonitoringThe Science of the total environment
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Transcriptome comparison of murine wild-type and synaptophysin-deficient retina reveals complete identity

2005

Loss of synaptophysin, one of the major synaptic vesicle membrane proteins, is surprisingly well tolerated in knockout mice. To test whether compensatory gene transcription accounts for the apparent lack of functional deficiencies, comparative transcriptome analyses were carried out. The retina was selected as the most suitable tissue since morphological alterations were observed in mutant photoreceptors, most notably a reduction of synaptic vesicles and concomitant increase in clathrin-coated vesicles. Labeled cRNA was prepared in triplicate from retinae of age- and sex-matched wild-type and mutant litter mates and hybridized to high-density microarray chips. Only three differentially expr…

MutantSynaptophysinSynaptic vesicleRetinaTranscriptomeMiceMicroscopy Electron TransmissionGene expressionAnimalsPhotoreceptor CellsRNA MessengerEye ProteinsMolecular BiologyMice KnockoutbiologyReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionSynaptic vesicle membraneGeneral NeuroscienceWild typeGlucan 13-beta-GlucosidaseMicroarray AnalysisMolecular biologyClathrinMice Inbred C57BLGene Expression RegulationKnockout mouseSynaptophysinbiology.proteinSynaptic VesiclesNeurology (clinical)Developmental BiologyBrain Research
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Assessment of threat status and management effectiveness in Kakamega Forest, Kenya

2006

To counteract an increasing biodiversity decline, parks and protected areas have been established worldwide. However, many parks lack adequate management to address environmental degradation. To improve management strategies simple tools are needed for an assessment of human impact and management effectiveness of protected areas. This study quantifies the current threats in the heavily fragmented and degraded tropical rainforest of Kakamega, western Kenya. We recorded seven disturbance parameters at 22 sites in differently managed and protected areas of Kakamega Forest. Our data indicate a high level of human impact throughout the forest with illegal logging being most widespread. Furthermo…

Nature reserveGeographyAgroforestryLoggingForest managementBiodiversityWildlifeIllegal loggingEnvironmental degradationTropical rainforest
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Ecological Network, Application of a Model in Sicily

2017

Since the Tertiary period, Sicily (Italy) has been major reservoir of biodiversity. The abundance of these resources, however, is not reflected by developing an effective system of planning and management of wilderness areas. This work analyzes the regional territorial features, referring to the fragmentation process of natural systems, closely related to the phenomenon of soil consumption on wilderness areas that, since the sixties, has strongly contributed to shape the regional territory both from the physical and from the functional point of view. For these characteristics Sicily is particularly suitable for becoming a reflection field where the new perspectives on ecological networks co…

Nature reserveGeographyWork (electrical)Consumption (sociology)Protected areaMetropolitan areaEnvironmental planningNatural (archaeology)Ecological networkWilderness area
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MANAGEMENT OF SEMI-WILD LARGE HERBIVORES’ GRAZING SITES IN LATVIA

2019

Large herbivores were a common part of European nature in the pre-agrarian times. With the development of farming and over-hunting, the number of wild large herbivores rapidly decreased. Wild horses and cattle became extinct. In the 1920-30’s, scientists created two new herbivore breeds that resembled the extinct aurochs and tarpans - Heck cattle and Konik horses. Nowadays the introduction of Heck cattle, Konik horses and other similar large herbivore breeds is widely used in specially protected nature territories (SPNT) as a strategic answer to the question – what should we do with the agricultural lands that have lost their economical meaning. Since 1999, semi-wild large herbivores are in…

Nature reserveHerbivorebiologybusiness.industryEcologymedia_common.quotation_subjectAurochsbiology.organism_classificationintroduction; large herbivores;natural grazing; rewildingGeographyHabitatAgricultureGrazingHeck cattleWildernessbusinessmedia_commonENVIRONMENT. TECHNOLOGIES. RESOURCES. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference
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