Search results for "Wood"

Characterization of Hardwood Soda-AQ Lignins Precipitated from Black Liquor through Selective Acidification

2016

In the development of integrated biorefinery process alternatives to produce value-added by-products, various black liquors from sulfur-free pulping processes offer potential feedstocks for recovering their main chemical constituents, lignin and aliphatic carboxylic acids. In this study, lignin fractions were obtained from silver birch (Betula pendula) soda-anthraquinone black liquor by carbonation (pH to about 8.5) or by acidification (pH to about 2) with H2SO4 after carbonation or directly. These fractions were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), ultraviolet (UV), energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (ED XRF), and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (13C NMR) spectroscopy. In a…

Da Hollywood alla Spagna : le lettere di Edgar Neville a José Lòpez Rubio

2010

Il lavoro analizza un corpus di epistole inviate dall’umorista spagnolo Edgar Neville (Madrid, 1899-1967) all’amico José López Rubio (Motril, Granada, 1903-Madrid, 1996) alla fine degli anni ’20 - inizio degli anni ’30 durante il periodo trascorso in California. In particolare, l’ambito che in questo contesto si desidera evidenziare è la testimonianza dell’autore sulla sua esperienza a Hollywood, luogo nel quale Neville visse per alcuni anni lavorando come direttore scenico e dialogista e nel quale López Rubio lo raggiunse nel 1930 per collaborare anche lui con le grandi case cinematografiche americane, la Metro-Goldwin-Mayer e la Fox. Dalle missive inviate da Neville all’amico ‘Pepe’ si ev…

Accelerated weathering of polypropylene/wood flour composites

2008

Paradosso, cinema e filosofia. Badiou e Eastwood

2017

Il saggio prende in carico la lettura che Alain Badiou, uno dei più noti filosofi viventi, dà del cinema di Clint Eastwood, per lasciar emergere categorie concettuali utili alla comprensione del cinema contemporaneo.

INNOVATION STRATEGY, WORKING CLIMATE, AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE IN TRADITIONAL MANUFACTURING FIRMS: AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS

2012

In this study, we address the effect of innovation strategy and an innovative working climate on financial performance in the Norwegian wood industry. Innovation strategy embodies four dimensions: the degrees to which innovation in the form of products, processes, and business systems are embedded in the management values and priorities as well as the degree of expenditure in R&D. An innovative working climate is exemplified by team cohesion, supervisory encouragement, resources, autonomy, challenge, and openness to innovation. Previous studies have indicated a lack of research in traditional manufacturing firms on both innovation strategy and a supportive working climate. Our survey w…

Charcoal analysis and wood diameter: inductive and deductive methodological approaches for the study of firewood collecting practices

2011

International audience; We present and discuss two approaches for evaluating the diameter of carbonized wood.Results from a theoretical model and its experimental validation shows that the proportions of diameter classes predicted by the model can be recognized. Even though the measured caliber classes do not correspond to the reality of the initial diameters, the measures were sufficiently different and reproductive to be discriminated through factorial analysis. These methods are promising for documenting cultural behavior of past peoples related to firewood use and management

Electric Field Effect on the Thermal Decomposition and Co-combustion of Straw with Solid Fuel Pellets

2019

The aim of this study was to provide more effective use of straw for energy production by co-firing wheat straw pellets with solid fuels (wood, peat pellets) under additional electric control of the combustion characteristics at thermo-chemical conversion of fuel mixtures. Effects of the DC electric field on the main combustion characteristics were studied experimentally using a fixed-bed experimental setup with a heat output up to 4 kW. An axisymmetric electric field was applied to the flame base between the positively charged electrode and the grounded wall of the combustion chamber. The experimental study includes local measurements of the composition of the gasification gas, flame tempe…

CFD prediction of shell-side flow and mass transfer in regular fiber arrays

2021

Numerical simulations were conducted for fully developed, steady-state flow with mass transfer in fiber bundles arranged in regular lattices. The porosity was 0.5 and the Schmidt number 500. Several combinations of axial flow, transverse flow and flow attack angles in the cross-section plane were considered. The axial and transverse Reynolds numbers Rez , ReT were made to vary from 10(^−4) to 10(^2). Concentration boundary conditions, and the definition of an average Sherwood number, were addressed. Results for the hydraulic permeability were compared with the literature. Both hexagonal and square lattices were found to be hydraulically almost isotropic up to transverse flow Reynolds number…

Mass transfer in ducts with transpiring walls

2019

Abstract The problem of mass transfer in ducts with transpiring walls is analysed: the concepts of “solvent” and “solute” fluxes are introduced, all possible sign combinations for these fluxes are considered, and relevant examples from membrane processes such as electrodialysis, reverse osmosis and filtration are identified. Besides the dimensionless numbers commonly defined in studying flow and mass transfer problems, new dimensionless quantities appropriate to transpiration problems are introduced, and their limiting values, associated with “drying”, “desalting” and “saturation” conditions, are identified. A simple model predicting the Sherwood number Sh under all possible flux sign combi…

Chemical and spectroscopic characteristics of the wood of Vitis vinifera cv. Sangiovese affected by esca disease.

2009

Chemical and spectroscopic analyses ((13)C cross-polarization-magic angle spinning NMR and attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopies) were carried out on the wood of Vitis vinifera cv. Sangiovese with brown-red discoloration and black streaks caused by esca disease. The analyses of the brown-red wood revealed the destruction of hemicelluloses and noncrystalline cellulose as well as modifications in the pectic and ligninic wood fractions. The pectic fraction consisted of carbohydrates associated with polyphenols. The lignin fraction exhibited only a few changes in the aromatic systems and a partial demethylation, and it appeared to be associated with condensed phe…