Search results for "Wood"

IDENTIFICATION OF BACTERIAL TAXA IN ARCHAEOLOGICAL WATERLOGGED WOOD

2014

Summary The microscopic and molecular techniques described in this study are aimed at understanding the degradation processes of the anatomical structure of submerged archaeological wood, correlating it to the degradation induced by bacteria. The SEM micrographs showed alterations of the wooden structure due to bacterial colonization, as well as the presence of pyrite framboids. The difficulty of extracting bacterial DNA from wooden fragments belonging to submerged finds is well-known, due to the presence of many inhibitors; this study describes some extraction and in vitro amplification protocols for wooden submerged finds. The results of the molecular investigations, based on the analysis…

Not just the sum of its parts : Geographic variation and nonadditive effects of pyrazines in the chemical defence of an aposematic moth

2022

Chemical defences often vary within and between populations both in quantity and quality, which is puzzling if prey survival is dependent on the strength of the defence. We investigated the within- and between-population variability in chemical defence of the wood tiger moth (Arctia plantaginis). The major components of its defences, SBMP (2-sec-butyl-3-methoxypyrazine) and IBMP (2-isobutyl-3-methoxypyrazine), are volatiles that deter bird attacks. We hypothesized that (1) variation in the chemical defences of male wood tiger moths reflects the local predation pressure; (2) observed differences in quantity and quality of defence among populations have a genetic basis; and (3) increasing con…

Limits to CO2-Neutrality of Burning Wood. (Review)

2016

Abstract Consumption of wood as a source of energy is discussed with respect to efficiency and restraints to ensure sustainability of the environment on the grounds of a simple analytical model describing dynamics of biomass accumulation in forest stands – a particular case of the well-known empirical Richards’ equation. Amounts of wood harvested under conditions of maximum productivity of forest land are presented in units normalised with respect to the maximum of the mean annual increment and used to determine the limits of CO2-neutrality. The ecological “footprint” defined by the area of growing stands necessary to absorb the excess amount of CO2 annually released from burning biomass is…

Rectifiability and singular integrals

1995

COMPLEX CONVEXITY AND VECTOR-VALUED LITTLEWOOD–PALEY INEQUALITIES

2003

Let 2 p 0s uch thatfHp(X) (� f(0)� p + λ (1 −| z| 2 ) p−1 � f � (z)� p dA(z)) 1/p ,f or all f ∈ H p (X). Applications to embeddings between vector-valued BMOA spaces defined via Poisson integral or Carleson measures are provided.

Spatially dynamic forest management to sustain biodiversity and economic returns.

2014

Production of marketed commodities and protection of biodiversity in natural systems often conflict and thus the continuously expanding human needs for more goods and benefits from global ecosystems urgently calls for strategies to resolve this conflict. In this paper, we addressed what is the potential of a forest landscape to simultaneously produce habitats for species and economic returns, and how the conflict between habitat availability and timber production varies among taxa. Secondly, we aimed at revealing an optimal combination of management regimes that maximizes habitat availability for given levels of economic returns. We used multi-objective optimization tools to analyze data fr…

Wood formation in pedunculate oak and its relation with climatic factors in Latvia

2013

Šajā darbā ir analizēta parastā ozola (Quercus robur L.) augšanas saistība ar klimatiskajiem faktoriem Latvijā (43 vietas), izmantojot dendrohronoloăijas un dendroekoloģijas metodes. Klimata ietekmes novērtējumam, izmantoja divus atšķirīgus gadskārtu mērījumus: gadskārtu platumu un pavasara koksnes traheju dobumu laukumu. Ozola augšana uzrādīja atšķirības gar austrumu-rietumu gradientu saistībā ar klimata kontinentalitāti. Balstoties uz šo gradientu Latvijas teritoriju var iedalīt divās daļās (rietumu un austrumu reģionā). Gadskārtu platumu rietumu reģionā, galvenokārt, ietekmēja pavasara un vasaras gaisa temperatūra, bet austrumu reģionā klimatisko faktoru, kas ir saistīti ar sausumu vasar…

Ecology of Vastedda della valle del Belìce cheeses: A review and recent findings to stabilize the traditional production

2018

The increasing request for classic foods has led to a higher demand for cheeses enjoying a “recognition of quality” status. This phenomenon has also affected Sicilian dairy products, in particular protected designation of origin (PDO) “Vastedda della valle del Belìce” (VdB), a cheese traditionally available only during the summer season, but requested year round. The variations of the microbial populations of raw milk among the seasons influence the microbiological quality of the cheeses produced. This review article reports the historical importance of cheeses and the traditional equipment used for dairy productions in Sicily with a specific focus on VdB. The microbial ecology of this chee…

Woodland key habitats : a key to effective conservation of forest biodiversity?

2011

Behaviour of Extractives in Norway Spruce (Picea abies) Bark during Pile Storage

2022

The current practices regarding the procurement chain of forest industry sidestreams, such as conifer bark, do not always lead to optimal conditions for preserving individual chemical compounds. This study investigates the standard way of storing bark in large piles in an open area. We mainly focus on the degradation of the most essential hydrophilic and hydrophobic extractives and carbohydrates. First, two large 450 m3 piles of bark from Norway spruce (Picea abies) were formed, one of which was covered with snow. The degradation of the bark extractives was monitored for 24 weeks. Samples were taken from the middle, side and top of the pile. Each sample was extracted at 120 °C with both n-h…