Search results for "Workload"
showing 10 items of 160 documents
Joint Audit, Audit Market Structure, and Consumer Surplus
2017
We use a structural application of the discrete choice model to investigate how the introduction of a joint audit policy would affect audit market structure and consumer surplus. We perform this policy evaluation by identifying demand fundamentals in a joint audit regime and applying them to a single audit regime. We find that a joint audit requirement has the potential to change the audit market structure substantially but that the effects are sensitive to the specific policy design. For example, small audit firms gain market share in a joint audit regime but only if an equal sharing of the workload between the two joint auditors is not required. Our counterfactual analysis reveals that th…
Association of Nursing Practice Environment on reported adverse events in private management hospitals: A cross‐sectional study
2021
Aims and objectives To examine the relationships between nurses' perceptions of their practice environment, other working conditions and reported adverse events in two private management hospitals. Background Patient safety is influenced by knowledge, available resources and the context in which nursing care is provided. In this sense, it has been found that certain work environments (e.g., workload, nurse turnover level, patient-to-nurse ratio, nurse staffing, nurse manager ability) influence patient outcomes. The association between nursing practice environment and reported adverse events has not been explored in private management hospitals. Design A cross-sectional study. The STROBE was…
Work environment, volume of activity and staffing in neonatal intensive care units in Italy: results of the SONAR-nurse study
2016
Background Neonatal units’ volume of activity, and other quantitative and qualitative variables, such as staffing, workload, work environment, care organization and geographical location, may influence the outcome of high risk newborns. Data about the distribution of these variables and their relationships among Italian neonatal units are lacking. Methods Between March 2010-April 2011, 63 neonatal intensive care units adhering to the Italian Neonatal Network participated in the SONAR Nurse study. Their main features and work environment were investigated by questionnaires compiled by the chief and by physicians and nurses of each unit. Twelve cross-sectional monthly-repeated surveys on diff…
Dynamic scheduling of periodic skippable tasks in an overloaded real-time system
2008
International audience; The need for supporting dynamic real-time environments where changes in workloads may occur requires a scheduling framework that explicitly addresses overload conditions, allows the system to achieve graceful degradation and supports a mechanism capable of determining the load to be shed from the system to handle the overload. In applications ranging from video reception to air-craft control, tasks enter periodically and have response time constraints, but missing a deadline is acceptable, provided most deadlines are met. Such tasks are said to be occasionally skippable and have an assigned skip parameter. We look at the problem of uniprocessor scheduling of skippabl…
Age-related operator deficits in a realistic instrument-control task: Assessment of possssible motor, cognitive and mental causes
2017
Abstract With advancing age, motor and mental functions gradually change. As these changes have been revealed by standardized laboratory tests, it remains unclear how much they affect older persons' performance in industrial workplace tasks. The present study therefore compared young and older participants in a task modeled after a complex, realistic industrial workplace scenario, and additionally assessed motor, cognitive and mental variables that might have an impact on overall task efficiency. 25 participants (13 young, mean age 25 years; 12 older participants, mean age 65 years) sat in front of a panel with multiple displays - indicating the momentary state of a simulated nuclear power …
International perspectives on radiology practice metrics: Australia, France, Germany, Japan, New Zealand, Spain, the UK and USA.
2014
INTRODUCTION The delivery of health care around the world is remarkably diverse in 2015. A comparison of the approximately 200 national entities on the planet reveals marked differences in national measures, both on the input side, such as health care spending, and in outcomes, such as life span. Using the percentage of gross domestic product as a metric for comparing health care spending, the current variation among nations is almost an order of magnitude, from the Marshall Islands and the United States at close to 20% to Myanmar at about 2% [1]. Outcomes are also highly variable, with an almost 2-fold difference in life span between the best and worst nations [2]. Within the nations repre…
The background music-content congruence of TV advertisements: A neurophysiological study
2021
Abstract Music affects viewers’ responses to advertisements. In this study we present the findings of an experiment that investigates the emotional and cognitive reactions of subjects’ brains during exposure to television advertisements with music congruent, and incongruent, with the advertisement content. We analyze the electroencephalography signals and eye-tracking behaviors of a group of 90 women watching six TV advertisements. The study's findings suggested that incongruent music generates higher levels of attention and advertisement recall. On the other hand, frontal asymmetry measured through electroencephalography was shown to be higher with congruent music. Similarly, cognitive wor…
Can easy-to-use software deliver effective e-learning in dental education? A randomised controlled study
2012
Introduction: For the production of computer-based learning environments, a wide range of software solutions can be used which differ not only in their functionality but also vary in cost and ease to program. The aim of our study was to evaluate the overall efficiency and student′s perception of two case-based e-learning programs that were produced with either an easy-to-use or a complex software. Materials and Methods: Eighty-five dental students were randomly assigned to one of two experimental groups. One group studied with a laborious, high-interactive e-learning program (complex-software group). The second group studied within a low-interactive learning environment (easy-software gro…
Machining Economics in FMS by a Fuzzy Approach
1995
Abstract In a conventional manufacturing system, cutting parameters have to be fixed in order to pursue the economical and productive target related to each cutting operation. In a Flexible Manufacturing System (FMS), as a consequence of the unbalanced workload due to the mutual interaction among the shared resources, the optimization of each operation does not allow the optimum of the global production system to be reached. A fuzzy programming model is developed in this paper in order to select cutting speeds of the operations in the production plan as a satisfying compromise solution between single operation and the integrated system targets.
Ergonomic Risks in the Printing Company and Workers’ Wellbeing
2014
The aim of the study was to analyze the ergonomic risks in the printing company and to study the impact of ergonomics risks on employees’ wellbeing. The study involved 67 company workers aged 18 to 67 years. In the study, physical load evaluation methods and questionnaire on welfare and psychoemotional risks at work, adopted by Swedish Environmental Research Institute, were used. It was proved that production workers were subjected to increased physical workload. At work they are exposed to physical pressure on hands, shoulders and back. The workload is more affected by the increase in work tension due to limited time of order execution. It was concluded that ergonomic risks partly affect e…