Search results for "Wren"

2020

The Mediterranean Basin represents a Global Biodiversity Hotspot where many organisms show high inter- and intraspecific differentiation. Extant phylogeographic patterns of terrestrial circum-Mediterranean faunas were mainly shaped through Pleistocene range shifts and range fragmentations due to retreat into different glacial refugia. Thus, several extant Mediterranean bird species have diversified by surviving glaciations in different hospitable refugia and subsequently expanded their distribution ranges during the Holocene. Such a scenario was also suggested for the Eurasian Wren (Nannus troglodytes) despite the lack of genetic data for most Mediterranean subspecies. Our phylogenetic mult…

Construction and testing of the Moral Development Scale for Professionals (MDSP)

2010

Moral development among students is central for nursing education, because nursing is informed by moral ends, and it is essential that professional nurses have a well developed ability for moral behaviour, ethical reasoning and decision making. The aim of this study was to construct a new instrument for measuring moral development according to Kohlberg's theory of moral development among students and professionals, and initially test it for reliability and validity among students in professional education. Thirty-two items following the conventional and postconventional stages in the theory were developed. Different actions for reducing the items were implemented. The final version of the i…

The ‘grave of the Court Pit’, A rediscovered Bronze Age tomb from Carchemish

2014

This paper examines the British Museum unpublished records related to an Early Bronze (EB) Age pithos burial uncovered a century ago in the Inner Town at Carchemish. The grave, cursorily cited and variously dated (Chalcolithic, EB or even LBA) in the final reports, was described in some detail by Hogarth and Thompson; a precise dating is, however, possible today thanks to the information of paramount importance given by T. E. Lawrence who identified and took a picture of the associated finds, which was recently rediscovered in the Carchemish Archives. The pithos can be now ascribed to the third quarter of the third millennium BC and helps to confirm the recent theory according to which the …

TCP Performance in Mobile Ad hoc Networks

2013

International audience; In this paper, we present a survey of TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) protocol for better performance in the MANET (Mobile Ad Hoc Network). After a short presentation of the main features of TCP, we give the most important problems from which TCP suffer in MANET. We present after that some approaches proposed in the literature in order to improve its performance. Our paper contains also a performance evaluation of TCP NewReno and TCP Vegas transport protocols under AODV and DSR routing protocols. The simulations are conducted under varying conditions of number of TCP connections, number of nodes and mobility.

Generalized Braid Groups and Mapping Class Gropus

1997

Given a chord system of D2, we associate a generalized braid group, a surface and a homomorphism from this braid group to the mapping class group of the surface. We disprove a conjecture stated in an article by Perron and Vannier by showing that generally this homomorphism is not injective.

Unauthorized copying of software and levels of moral development: a literature analysis and its implications for research and practice

2004

.  Several approaches for and against the unauthorized copying of software have been proposed. These approaches can be divided into two categories: moral reasoning and solution. These categories of approaches to unauthorized copying of software are scrutinized in the light of Kohlberg's theory of Cognitive Moral Development. The results suggest that most approaches presenting solutions to unauthorized copying of software have focused attention on the lower levels of moral development, while approaches at the highest stage are few and far between. No single approach covers all the stages of moral development. The implications of this analysis for practice and research are discussed.

Alaraajojen luun mineraalipitoisuuden ja polven nivelruston väliset yhteydet postmenopausaalisilla naisilla

2011

Tämän poikkileikkaustutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli selvittää luuston (reisiluun kaula, lanneranka L2-L4) mineraalitiheysarvojen ja polven nivelruston (reisiluu, sääriluu) eheyttä kuvaavien dGEMRIC-arvojen välistä yhteyttä postmenopausaalisilla naisilla. Tutkimukseen rekrytoitiin 82 naista (keskimääräiseltä iältään 57,7 vuotta, SD 4,2) lehti-ilmoituksen perusteella. Sisäänottokriteerinä oli rtg:llä arvioidun Kellgren-Lawrence-luokituksen (K/L) mukaan ensimmäisen (K/L1) tai toisen (K/L2) asteen lievä polven nivelrikko. Reisiluun kaulan ja lannerangan (L2–L4) BMC-arvot mitattiin DXA-laitteistolla. Tutkimushenkilöillä ei ollut osteoporoosia, jonka kynnysarvona käytettiin T-arvoa >2,5. Tibian ja …

Precision Measurement of the First Ionization Potential of Nobelium

2018

One of the most important atomic properties governing an element's chemical behavior is the energy required to remove its least-bound electron, referred to as the first ionization potential. For the heaviest elements, this fundamental quantity is strongly influenced by relativistic effects which lead to unique chemical properties. Laser spectroscopy on an atom-at-a-time scale was developed and applied to probe the optical spectrum of neutral nobelium near the ionization threshold. The first ionization potential of nobelium is determined here with a very high precision from the convergence of measured Rydberg series to be 6.626 21±0.000 05  eV. This work provides a stringent benchmark for st…

First Ionization Potentials of Fm, Md, No, and Lr

2018

We report the first ionization potentials (IP1) of the heavy actinides, fermium (Fm, atomic number Z = 100), mendelevium (Md, Z = 101), nobelium (No, Z = 102), and lawrencium (Lr, Z = 103), determined using a method based on a surface ionization process coupled to an online mass separation technique in an atom-at-a-time regime. The measured IP1 values agree well with those predicted by state-of-the-art relativistic calculations performed alongside the present measurements. Similar to the well-established behavior for the lanthanides, the IP1 values of the heavy actinides up to No increase with filling up the 5f orbital, while that of Lr is the lowest among the actinides. These results clear…

The ´champagne-cup` period at Carchemish. A review of the Early Bronze Age levels on the Acropolis Mound and the problem of the Inner Town.

2007

The pioneer excavations conducted by the British Museum expedition at the famous site of Carchemish in the 1910’s brought to light a large number of buildings, sculptures and inscriptions which provide an outline of the urban layout of the Iron Age city and its monuments. While many scholars have often attempted to re-examine the epigraphic material as well as the style and chronology of the major works of this period in order to set them in a proper historical context, much less attention has been paid to the earlier levels mainly uncovered on the Acropolis mound, ranging from the Neolithic to the Bronze Age. This paper discusses the archaeological evidence available and attempted to recon…