Search results for "X-Ray"

showing 10 items of 4234 documents

CT coronary angiography at an ultra-low radiation dose (< 0.1 mSv): feasible and viable in times of constraint on healthcare costs

2013

Computed tomography coronary angiography (CTCA) has reached very high standards both in terms of diagnostic performance and radiation dose reduction. This commentary follows a report on CTCA using less than 0.1 mSv in selected patients. This is an extraordinary accomplishment, both for technology and for medicine. The difficult task is now to implement this tool in clinical practice so it can play the best possible role. CTCA can improve diagnostic pathways, can save money for healthcare systems and could even improve pharmacological therapy. All of this may happen, but it will require the combined effort of all the experienced operators in this field, including the referring clinicians. In…

Coronary angiographymedicine.medical_specialtylow radiation dosePharmacological therapyCT coronary angiographyCoronary Artery DiseaseCoronary AngiographyRadiation DosageSensitivity and Specificityhealthcare costsRadiation ProtectionHealth careCardiac CTHumansMedicineLow dose ctRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingMedical physicsConstraint (mathematics)Neuroradiologymedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryscreeningRadiation doseReproducibility of ResultsInterventional radiologyHealth Care CostsGeneral MedicineUnited StatesFeasibility StudiesRadiologyTomography X-Ray ComputedbusinessEuropean Radiology
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Local structure of A-atom in ABO3 perovskites studies by RMC-EXAFS

2020

The measurements of Sr K-edge XAFS were performed under the approval of Proposal No. 97G042 of Photon Factory (KEK) and partially supported by the Research Grants of Hirosaki University. This work was supported by Bruce Ravel providing data for BTO. Boby Joseph acknowledges IISc Bangalore and ICTP Trieste for financial support through the award of the IISc-ICTP fellowship.

Correlation effectsDiffractionX-ray absorption spectroscopyRadiationMaterials scienceExtended X-ray absorption fine structureAbsorption spectroscopy010308 nuclear & particles physicsReverse Monte CarloExtended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS)01 natural sciencesMolecular physicsSpectral line030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingCondensed Matter::Materials Science03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicine0103 physical sciencesAtom:NATURAL SCIENCES:Physics [Research Subject Categories]PerovskitesReverse Monte CarloSpectroscopyX-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES)Radiation Physics and Chemistry
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Structural modelling and mechanical tests supporting the design of the ATHENA X-IFU thermal filters and WFI optical blocking filter

2018

Copyright 2018 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). One print or electronic copy may be made for personal use only. Systematic reproduction and distribution, duplication of any material in this paper for a fee or for commercial purposes, or modification of the content of the paper are prohibited. ATHENA is a Large high energy astrophysics space mission selected by ESA in the Cosmic Vision 2015-2025 Science Program. It will be equipped with two interchangeable focal plane detectors: the X-Ray Integral Field Unit (X-IFU) and the Wide Field Imager (WFI). Both detectors require x-ray transparent filters to fully exploit their sensitivity. In order to maximize the X-ray tra…

Cosmic VisionComputer scienceCondensed Matter PhysicBlocking (statistics)01 natural sciencesSettore FIS/05 - Astronomia E AstrofisicaWFI0103 physical sciencesSensitivity (control systems)Aerospace engineeringElectrical and Electronic Engineering010306 general physicsFEAX-IFU010308 nuclear & particles physicsbusiness.industryFilterElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialDetectorComputer Science Applications1707 Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionTransparency (human–computer interaction)ATHENAVibrationApplied MathematicCardinal pointFilter (video)X-Raybusiness
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Pressure of the hot gas in simulations of galaxy clusters

2016

We analyze the radial pressure profiles, the ICM clumping factor and the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) scaling relations of a sample of simulated galaxy clusters and groups identified in a set of hydrodynamical simulations based on an updated version of the TreePM-SPH GADGET-3 code. Three different sets of simulations are performed: the first assumes non-radiative physics, the others include, among other processes, AGN and/or stellar feedback. Our results are analyzed as a function of redshift, ICM physics, cluster mass and cluster cool-coreness or dynamical state. In general, the mean pressure profiles obtained for our sample of groups and clusters show a good agreement with X-ray and SZ observa…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)Active galactic nucleusgalaxies: clusters: intracluster mediumCiencias FísicasFOS: Physical sciencesAstrophysicsAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics01 natural sciencesmethods: numerical//purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https]Galaxy groups and clustersIntracluster medium0103 physical sciencesCluster (physics)clusters: general [galaxies]methods: numerical; galaxies: clusters: general; X-rays: galaxies: clusters; galaxies: clusters: intracluster medium010303 astronomy & astrophysicsScalingGalaxy clusterAstrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsPhysics010308 nuclear & particles physicsAstronomy and Astrophysicsnumerical [methods]//purl.org/becyt/ford/1.3 [https]Function (mathematics)Redshiftgalaxies: cluster [X-rays]CLUSTERS: GENERAL -X-RAYS: GALAXIES: CLUSTERS [GALAXIES]AstronomíaSpace and Planetary Sciencegalaxies: clusters: generalclusters: intracluster medium [galaxies]X-rays: galaxies: clustersCIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTASAstrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
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Galaxy clusters and groups in the ALHAMBRA survey

2015

Ascaso, Begoña et al.

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)Large-scale structure of UniverseFOS: Physical sciencesAstrophysicsX-rays galaxies clustersclusters: general [Galaxies]Galaxies clusters generalobservations [Cosmology]Galaxy clusterPhysics[SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]Cosmology: observationsFísicaAstronomyGalaxies: evolutionAstronomy and Astrophysicsevolution [Galaxies]Cosmology observationsCataloguesGalaxies evolutionSpace and Planetary Science[SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]X-rays: galaxies: clustersgalaxies: clusters [X-rays]Galaxies: clusters: generalAstrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
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Searching for sterile neutrino with X-ray intensity mapping

2019

The cosmological X-ray emission associated to the possible radiative decay of sterile neutrinos is composed by a collection of lines at different energies. For a given mass, each line corresponds to a given redshift. In this work, we cross correlate such line emission with catalogs of galaxies tracing the dark matter distribution at different redshifts. We derive observational prospects by correlating the X-ray sky that will be probed by the eROSITA and Athena missions with current and near future photometric and spectroscopic galaxy surveys. A relevant and unexplored fraction of the parameter space of sterile neutrinos can be probed by this technique.

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)X-ray telescopes; dark matter experiments; dark matter theory; power spectrumdark matter theoryAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomenadark matter experimentsAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsFOS: Physical sciencesAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysicspower spectrumHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)Astrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsAstrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic AstrophysicsX-ray telescopes
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Universal thermodynamic properties of the intracluster medium over two decades in radius in the X-COP sample

2018

The hot plasma in galaxy clusters is expected to be heated to high temperatures through shocks and adiabatic compression. The thermodynamical properties of the gas encode information on the processes leading to the thermalization of the gas in the cluster's potential well as well as non-gravitational processes such as gas cooling, AGN feedback and kinetic energy. In this work we present the radial profiles of the thermodynamic properties of the intracluster medium (ICM) out to the virial radius for a sample of 12 galaxy clusters selected from the Planck all-sky survey. We determine the universal profiles of gas density, temperature, pressure, and entropy over more than two decades in radius…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)galaxies: clusters: intracluster mediumDark matterPopulationFOS: Physical sciencesAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsAstrophysics01 natural sciencesdark matterVirial theoremsymbols.namesakeIntracluster medium0103 physical sciencesGravitational collapsePlanckAdiabatic processeducation010303 astronomy & astrophysicsAstrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsGalaxy clusterPhysicseducation.field_of_study[SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]Settore FIS/05010308 nuclear & particles physicsThermodynamical quantitiesAstronomy and AstrophysicsX-rays: galaxies: clusters; dark matter; galaxies: clusters: intracluster medium; galaxies: clusters: general; Thermodynamical quantitiesgalaxies: clusters: general13. Climate actionSpace and Planetary ScienceX-rays: galaxies: clustersastro-ph.COsymbols[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic AstrophysicsAstronomy &amp; Astrophysics
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"Through-space" nuclear spin-spin J(PP) coupling in tetraphosphine ferrocenyl derivatives: a (31)P NMR and X-ray structure correlation study for coor…

2004

Herein, we report on (31)P(31)P solution-phase "through-space" nuclear spin-spin coupling constants (J(PP)) from a novel family of organometallic tetraphosphine nickel and palladium complexes. These J(PP) constants were accurately determined through NMR iterative simulation based on the second-order spectra obtained for the compounds. The corresponding solid-state X-ray structures of the complexes were determined, and the "through-space" P.P distances are reported. Due to the blocked conformation of the species in solution, a qualitative and semiquantitative experimental correlation is obtained, which links the geometric parameters and the intensity of the corresponding P.P coupling constan…

Coupling constantChemistryStereochemistrychemistry.chemical_elementGeneral ChemistryCrystal structureElectronic structureBiochemistryCatalysisCrystallographyColloid and Surface ChemistryX-ray crystallographyMoleculePhosphorus-31 NMR spectroscopySpin (physics)PalladiumJournal of the American Chemical Society
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Conformation of the galactose ring adopted in solution and in crystalline form as determined by experimental and DFT 1H NMR and single-crystal X-ray …

2003

The solution-state conformations of various galactose derivatives were determined by comparison of the experimental (1)H-(1)H vicinal coupling constants to those calculated using density functional theory (DFT) at the B3LYP/cc-pVTZ//B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) level of theory. The agreement between the experimental and calculated vicinal coupling constants for 1,2:3,4-di-O-isopropylidene-alpha-d-galactopyranose was good, thereby confirming an (O)S(2) skew conformation for it and its derivatives on the basis of their similar observed couplings. Single-crystal X-ray analysis of 1,2:3,4-di-O-isopropylidene-6-O-(3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-2-deoxy-2-N-phthalimido-beta-d-glucopyranosyl)-alpha-d-galactopyranose and …

Coupling constantModels MolecularMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyStereochemistryChemistryOrganic ChemistryGalactoseNuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopyRing (chemistry)Crystallography X-RaySolutionsCrystallographyX-ray crystallographyProton NMRDensity functional theoryProtonsCrystallizationSingle crystalVicinalThe Journal of organic chemistry
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Modular synthesis of tetrasubstituted imidazoles and trisubstituted oxazoles by aldimine cross-coupling.

2008

Couplingchemistry.chemical_classificationAldimineChemistryStereochemistryOrganic ChemistryImidazolesGeneral ChemistryCrystallography X-RayCatalysisUmpolungC c couplingCyclizationIminesOxazolesCarbanionChemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)
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