Search results for "XAI"
showing 10 items of 27 documents
Adaptive sparse representation of continuous input for tsetlin machines based on stochastic searching on the line
2021
This paper introduces a novel approach to representing continuous inputs in Tsetlin Machines (TMs). Instead of using one Tsetlin Automaton (TA) for every unique threshold found when Booleanizing continuous input, we employ two Stochastic Searching on the Line (SSL) automata to learn discriminative lower and upper bounds. The two resulting Boolean features are adapted to the rest of the clause by equipping each clause with its own team of SSLs, which update the bounds during the learning process. Two standard TAs finally decide whether to include the resulting features as part of the clause. In this way, only four automata altogether represent one continuous feature (instead of potentially h…
Extending the Tsetlin Machine With Integer-Weighted Clauses for Increased Interpretability
2020
Despite significant effort, building models that are both interpretable and accurate is an unresolved challenge for many pattern recognition problems. In general, rule-based and linear models lack accuracy, while deep learning interpretability is based on rough approximations of the underlying inference. Using a linear combination of conjunctive clauses in propositional logic, Tsetlin Machines (TMs) have shown competitive performance on diverse benchmarks. However, to do so, many clauses are needed, which impacts interpretability. Here, we address the accuracy-interpretability challenge in machine learning by equipping the TM clauses with integer weights. The resulting Integer Weighted TM (…
Capparis macrantha sp. nov. (Capparaceae, Brassicales), a new shrub species from a deciduous forest of the Nam Kading National Protected Area (centra…
2020
Capparis macrantha Souvannakhoummane, Fici & Lanorsavanh sp. nov., a new shrub species characterized by erect or ascending habit, stipular thorns, large lanceolate-elliptic leaves and large flowers in supra-axillary rows, is described and illustrated from the deciduous forest in Nam Kading National Protected Area (central Lao PDR). The new species belongs to Capparis sect. Monostichocalyx Radlk. and is morphologically similar to C. radula Gagnep., a shrub widespread in the Indochinese area, differing in the shorter, straight stipular thorns, larger leaves, larger sepals and petals, higher number of stamens with longer filaments and longer gynophore and ovary. Its affinities with related…
Influence of Substituents in the Aromatic Ring on the Strength of Halogen Bonding in Iodobenzene Derivatives
2020
Halogen bonding properties of 3,4,5-triiodobenzoic acid (1, 2), 1,2,3-triiodobenzene (3), pentaiodobenzoic acid ethanol solvate (4), hexaiodobenzene (5a, 5b, 5c), 2,4-diiodoaniline (6), 4-iodoaniline (7), 2-iodoaniline (8), 2-iodophenol (9), 4-iodophenol (10), 3-iodophenol (11) and 2,4,6-triiodophenol (12) has been studied. The results suggested that substituents other than halogen in aromatic ring affect XB properties of iodine substituents in ortho-, meta- and para-positions. The effect depends on the electron-withdrawing/electron-donating properties of the substituent. Thus, electron-withdrawing substituents with negative mesomeric effect favor m-iodines to act as XB donors and o- and p-…
Studies on the genus Capparis L. (Capparaceae) in Lao PDR. VI: a new species from the Bolikhamxai Province
2022
A new species of Capparis, C. phatadke, is described and illustrated from the Bolikhamxai Province, central Lao PDR. The new species is characterized by lianous habit, brown-reddish indumentum, straight stipular thorns, laminar bracts, large flowers arranged in terminal corymbs or subumbels, long filaments and large ovary. It is so far known from a single locality, where has been observed in mixed deciduous forest and secondary forest in a limestone area. Its ecology and phenology are discussed, and its conservation status is assessed.
CCDC 696730: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination
2009
Related Article: D.Bubrin, M.Niemeyer|2008|Eur.J.Inorg.Chem.||5609|doi:10.1002/ejic.200800756
CCDC 696729: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination
2009
Related Article: D.Bubrin, M.Niemeyer|2008|Eur.J.Inorg.Chem.||5609|doi:10.1002/ejic.200800756
CCDC 955306: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination
2013
Related Article: Brian D. Rekken , Thomas M. Brown , James C. Fettinger , Felicitas Lips , Heikki M. Tuononen , Rolfe H. Herber , and Philip P. Power|2013|J.Am.Chem.Soc.|135|10134|doi:10.1021/ja403802a
CCDC 955308: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination
2013
Related Article: Brian D. Rekken , Thomas M. Brown , James C. Fettinger , Felicitas Lips , Heikki M. Tuononen , Rolfe H. Herber , and Philip P. Power|2013|J.Am.Chem.Soc.|135|10134|doi:10.1021/ja403802a
CCDC 928290: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination
2014
Related Article: D.Bubrin,M.Niemeyer|2014|Inorg.Chem.|53|1269|doi:10.1021/ic402941z