Search results for "XENON"

showing 10 items of 172 documents

Fragmentation pattern of gold clusters collided with xenon atoms

1994

Abstract The dissociation channels of gold cluster ions Au n + (2 ≤ n ≤ 23) have been investigated via collision induced dissociation in a Penning trap. Excited odd cluster ions with n ≤ 15 decay by evaporation of dimers, all others decay by monomer evaporation. Information on the binding energies is deduced from these dissociation channels.

Gold clusterGeneral Computer ScienceCollision-induced dissociationChemistryBinding energyGeneral Physics and Astronomychemistry.chemical_elementGeneral ChemistryPenning trapDissociation (chemistry)Computational MathematicsXenonFragmentation (mass spectrometry)Mechanics of MaterialsExcited statePhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersGeneral Materials SciencePhysics::Chemical PhysicsAtomic physicsComputational Materials Science
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Initial results on energy resolution of the NEXT-White detector

2018

One of the major goals of the NEXT-White (NEW) detector is to demonstrate the energy resolution that an electroluminescent high pressure xenon TPC can achieve for high energy tracks. For this purpose, energy calibrations with 137Cs and 232Th sources have been carried out as a part of the long run taken with the detector during most of 2017. This paper describes the initial results obtained with those calibrations, showing excellent linearity and an energy resolution that extrapolates to approximately 1% FWHM at Q$_{\beta\beta}$.

High energyPhysics - Instrumentation and DetectorsTime projection chamberschemistry.chemical_elementFOS: Physical sciences01 natural sciencesXenonOpticsEngineeringAffordable and Clean Energy0103 physical sciences010306 general physicsInstrumentationMathematical PhysicsLarge detector-systems performancePhysics010308 nuclear & particles physicsbusiness.industryDetectorResolution (electron density)LinearityInstrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)Double-beta decay detectorsNuclear & Particles PhysicsOther Physical SciencesFull width at half maximumchemistryHigh pressurePhysical SciencesAnalysis and statistical methodsbusinessEnergy (signal processing)
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Diagnostics of capillary light sources by means of line shape measurements and modeling

2012

In this work the Hg visible triplet spectral lines were measured by means of Fourier Transform spectrometer and deconvoluted by Tikhonov's regularisation method and line shape modelling. The lines were collected from Hg/Ar and Hg/Xe high frequency capillary lamps. In our previous work, the spatial plasma homogeneity of isotope Hg/Xe and Hg/Ar capillary lamps was investigated by means of tomography. The lamps were operated in different working positions – horizontally and vertically. In this work the spectral diagnostics of capillary light sources by means of spectral line shape measurements and modelling is presented to obtain plasma temperature. The results are compared with the results fo…

HistoryIncandescent light bulbZeeman effectArgonSpectrometerbusiness.industrychemistry.chemical_elementSpectral lineComputer Science ApplicationsEducationlaw.inventionSpectral line shapesymbols.namesakeOpticsXenonchemistrylawsymbolsElectron temperaturebusinessJournal of Physics: Conference Series
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The study of neutron-rich nuclei production in the region of the closed shell N=126 in the multi-nucleon transfer reaction 136Xe+208Pb

2015

Expérience LNL/PRISMA; International audience; The unexplored area of heavy neutron rich nuclei is extremely important for nuclearastrophysics investigations and, in particular, for the understanding of the r-process ofastrophysical nucleogenesis. For the production of heavy neutron rich nuclei located along theneutron closed shell N=126 (probably the last "waiting point" in the r-process of nucleosynthesis)the low-energy multi-nucleon transfer reaction 136Xe+208Pb at Elab=870MeV was explored.Due to the stabilizing eect of the closed neutron shells in both nuclei, N=82 and N=126, andthe rather favorable proton transfer from lead to xenon, the light fragments formed in this processare well b…

Historynuclear astro-physicsProtonNuclear Theoryspektrometritchemistry.chemical_element[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]01 natural sciences7. Clean energyEducationNuclear physicsXenonNucleosynthesisneutron-rich nuclei0103 physical sciencesNuclear astrophysicschemical elementsNeutron010306 general physicsNuclear ExperimentOpen shellheavy neutron rich nuclei PRISMA spectrometerPhysicsneutron shellsSpectrometer010308 nuclear & particles physicsbeam linesclosed shellsComputer Science Applicationsneutron beamschemistrytime of flightAtomic physicsNucleon
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High-precision Penning-trap mass measurements of heavy xenon isotopes for nuclear structure studies

2009

With the double Penning-trap mass spectrometer ISOLTRAP at ISOLDE/CERN the masses of the neutron-rich isotopes $^{136\ensuremath{-}146}\mathrm{Xe}$ were measured with a relative uncertainty of the order of ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}8}$ to ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}7}$. In particular, the masses of $^{144\ensuremath{-}146}\mathrm{Xe}$ were measured for the first time. These new mass values allow one to extend calculations of the mass surface in this region. Proton-Neutron interaction strength, obtained from double differences of binding energies, relate to subtle structural effects, such as the onset of octupole correlations, the growth of collectivity, and its relation to the underlying shell model l…

IONSNuclear and High Energy PhysicsENERGIESACCURACYBinding energy[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]Mass spectrometryISOLTRAP01 natural sciences7. Clean energyISOLTRAPNuclear physics0103 physical sciencesIsotopes of xenonFACILITYNuclear Physics - Experiment010306 general physicsNuclear ExperimentPhysicsIsotope010308 nuclear & particles physicsNuclear structureOrder (ring theory)Penning trapSPECTROMETRYAtomic physics
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MRI using hyperpolarized noble gases.

1998

The aim of this study was to review the physical basis of MRI using hyperpolarized noble gases as well as the present status of preclinical and clinical applications. Non-radioactive noble gases with a nuclear spin 1/2 (He-3, Xe-129) can be hyperpolarized by optical pumping. Polarization is transferred from circularly polarized laser light to the noble-gas atoms via alkali-metal vapors (spin exchange) or metastable atoms (metastability exchange). Hyperpolarization results in a non-equilibrium polarization five orders of magnitude higher than the Boltzmann equilibrium compensating for the several 1000 times lower density of noble gases as compared with liquid state hydrogen concentrations in…

In vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopyAdultLung Diseasesmedicine.medical_specialtyQuantitative Biology::Tissues and OrgansPhysics::Medical PhysicsGuinea Pigschemistry.chemical_elementHeliumNoble GasesOptical pumpingMiceXenonNuclear magnetic resonanceIsotopesMetastabilitymedicineIsotopes of xenonImage Processing Computer-AssistedAnimalsHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingHyperpolarization (physics)LungHeliumBrain Diseasesmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryBrainMagnetic resonance imagingGeneral MedicineImage EnhancementMagnetic Resonance ImagingchemistryXenon IsotopesFemaleRadiologybusinessNuclear medicineEuropean radiology
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Analysis of the XENON100 dark matter search data

2014

The XENON100 experiment, situated in the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, aims at the direct detection of dark matter in the form of weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs), based on their interactions with xenon nuclei in an ultra low background dual-phase time projection chamber. This paper describes the general methods developed for the analysis of the XENON100 data. These methods have been used in the 100.9 and 224.6 live days science runs from which results on spin-independent elastic, spin-dependent elastic and inelastic WIMP-nucleon cross-sections have already been reported.

Large Underground Xenon experimentPhysics - Instrumentation and DetectorsXenonWIMPPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsDirect detectionDark matterchemistry.chemical_elementFOS: Physical sciencesDarkSideWIMP Argon ProgrammeNuclear physicsXenonDark matterStatistical analysisNuclear ExperimentInstrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)PhysicsTime projection chamberAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsAstronomy and AstrophysicsInstrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)WIMPschemistryWeakly interacting massive particlesDark matter; Direct detection; WIMPs; XenonAstrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsAstroparticle Physics
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Light transmission and ultraviolet protection of contact lenses under artificial illumination

2016

Purpose: To determine the spectral transmission of contact lenses (CLs), with and without an ultraviolet (UV) filter to evaluate their capacity for protection under UV radiation from artificial illumination (incandescent, fluorescent, xenon (Xe) lamps, or white LEDs (light-emitting diode)). Methods: The transmission curves of nine soft CLs were obtained by using a PerkinElmer Lambda 35 UV-vis spectrophotometer. A CIE standard was used for the emission spectra of incandescent and fluorescent lamps, and Xe lamps and white LEDs were measured by using an International Light Technologies ILT-950 spectroradiometer. Results: Five of the nine soft CLs analysed state that they incorporate UV filters…

LightUltraviolet Rayschemistry.chemical_elementRadiationmedicine.disease_causelaw.invention03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineOpticsXenonRadiation ProtectionlawmedicineDiodeIncandescent light bulbbusiness.industryChemistrySpectrum AnalysisAbsorption RadiationGeneral MedicineContact Lenses HydrophilicFluorescenceOphthalmologySpectroradiometer030221 ophthalmology & optometryOptoelectronicsbusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgeryUltravioletFiltrationOptometryLight-emitting diode
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Helium-3 imaging of pulmonary ventilation.

1998

In the first studies in humans, the 3He gas was Helium is an inert, non-radioactive, noble gas. directly inhaled from the glass cell or via a mouth 3He is a rare isotope with a nuclear spin c. As it tip or plastic bag [2, 3]. The estimated inhaled is derived from tritium decay, it is quite expensive. volume in our studies was 400–500 ml. Recently, Non-polarized 3He costs 100–150 US$. Advanwe developed a computer-assisted application tages for applications in humans are: negligible system which is compatible with spontaneous solubility in water or blood, no adverse effects — breathing, assisted or mechanical ventilation. The widely used in deep-sea diving (80% He, 20% lungs can be flushed wi…

Lung DiseasesHelmholtz coilMaterials sciencebusiness.industryContrast Mediachemistry.chemical_elementField strengthGeneral MedicineLaserHeliumMagnetic Resonance Imaginglaw.inventionOptical pumpingchemistrylawHelium-3HumansXenon IsotopesRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingHyperpolarization (physics)Atomic physicsNuclear medicinebusinessHyperfine structureHeliumThe British Journal of Radiology
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Characterization of a medium size Xe/TMA TPC instrumented with microbulk Micromegas, using low-energy gamma-rays

2014

NEXT-MM is a general-purpose high pressure (10 bar, $\sim25$ l active volume) Xenon-based TPC, read out in charge mode with an 8 cm $\times$8 cm-segmented 700 cm$^2$ plane (1152 ch) of the latest microbulk-Micromegas technology. It has been recently commissioned at University of Zaragoza as part of the R&D of the NEXT $0\nu\beta\beta$ experiment, although the experiment's first stage is currently being built based on a SiPM/PMT-readout concept relying on electroluminescence. Around 2 million events were collected during the last months, stemming from the low energy $\gamma$-rays emitted by a $^{241}$Am source when interacting with the Xenon gas ($\epsilon$ = 26, 30, 59.5 keV). The localized…

MECANICA DE LOS MEDIOS CONTINUOS Y TEORIA DE ESTRUCTURASDrift velocityPhysics - Instrumentation and DetectorsXenonTime projection chambersDouble-beta decayNuclear physicschemistry.chemical_element01 natural sciencesMicrobulkNuclear physicsTECNOLOGIA ELECTRONICASilicon photomultiplierXenon0103 physical sciencesTrimethylamineDiffusion (business)010306 general physicsInstrumentationMathematical PhysicsDetectors de radiacióPhysicsAtmospheric pressure010308 nuclear & particles physicsGamma rayMicroMegas detectorHigh pressurechemistryTime projection chamberNuclear countersFísica nuclearMicromegasBar (unit)
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