Search results for "Yard"

Vector activity of Hyalesthes obsoletus living on nettles and transmitting a stolbur phytoplasma to grapevines: a case study

2007

International audience; We report a case study on the vector activity of a Hyalesthes obsoletus (Hemiptera: Cixiidae) population living on nettle plants (Urtica dioica) and transmitting a stolbur phytoplasma (Sp) to grapevines (Vitis vinifera). The research was conducted in a site that included a vineyard bordered with a large fallow area where nettles were the predominant plant species together with sparse old grapevines. Nettles hosted a high population of H. obsoletus. By using transparent sticky traps to sample adults, we observed that the daily flight activity of males and females to grapevines in the fallow was unimodal peaking between 15 and 21 h in the day. Adults were unable of gre…

Cover Crop and Pruning Residue Management to Reduce Nitrogen Mineral Fertilization in Mediterranean Vineyards

2021

This paper aimed to study the effect of temporary cover crop and vine pruning residue burial as alternative practices to conventional tillage on soil nitrate (NO3-N) availability and grapevine performance in the short term. The trial was carried out in a rain-fed vineyard (Vitis vinifera L., cv Grecanico dorato/140 Ruggeri) located in a traditional Mediterranean viticultural area (37&deg

Ecophysiological Modeling of Grapevine Water Stress in Burgundy Terroirs by a Machine-Learning Approach

2016

13 pages; International audience; In a climate change scenario, successful modeling of the relationships between plant-soil-meteorology is crucial for a sustainable agricultural production, especially for perennial crops. Grapevines (Vitis vinifera L. cv Chardonnay) located in eight experimental plots (Burgundy, France) along a hillslope were monitored weekly for 3 years for leaf water potentials, both at predawn (Ψpd) and at midday (Ψstem). The water stress experienced by grapevine was modeled as a function of meteorological data (minimum and maximum temperature, rainfall) and soil characteristics (soil texture, gravel content, slope) by a gradient boosting machine. Model performance was a…

Variations in soil-water use by grapevine according to plant water status and soil physical-chemical characteristics - A 3D spatio-temporal analysis.

2016

14 pages; International audience; Understanding plant and soil-water relationships is crucial to optimise agricultural management. In this multidisciplinary work, soil geophysics and plant physiological measurements are coupled and a statistical method is proposed to visualising plant soil-water uptake in space and time. The method is applied in a vineyard context and shows differences in the use of tranpirable soil water by grapevine according to the type of soil and the time of the day (day/night).During two years the water stress experienced by a single Chardonnay/SO4 grapevine clone was monitored both at pre-dawn and midday by leaf water potentials in two field plots exclusively differe…

la prospection systématique d’un fond de rivière : l’exemple du Doubs

2020

La présentation des méthodes mises en œuvre et des résultats obtenus à l’occasion d’une opération de prospection subaquatique systématique menée sur la rivière Doubs, en amont de Verdun-sur-le-Doubs (Saône-et-Loire), illustre en grandeur réelle l’intérêt de la démarche adoptée, fondée sur des principes simples, dans la perspective d’un inventaire systématique du patrimoine fluvial immergé. La diversité des vestiges découverts et leur répartition sur la longue durée en soulignent la pertinence mais également, s’il en était encore besoin, la réalité du formidable potentiel archéologique que recèlent les cours d’eau. The presentation of the methods used and results obtained during a systematic…

Industry 4.0: smart test bench for shipbuilding industry

2020

AbstractIndustry 4.0 promises to increase the efficiency of production plants and the quality of the final product. Consequently, companies that implement advanced solutions in production systems will have a competitive advantage in the future. The principles of Industry 4.0 can also be applied to shipyards to transform them into “smart shipyards” (Shipyard 4.0). The aim of this research is to implement an interactive approach by Internet of Things on a closed power-loop test bench equipped with sophisticated sensors that is specifically designed to test high-power thrusters before they are installed on high-speed crafts, which are used in passenger transport. The preliminary results of the…

A numerical model for pre-monitoring design of historical colonnade courtyards: The case study of chiaramonte palace in palermo

2016

This paper proposes a numerical model that can be used for theoretical and experimental dynamic characterization of historical colonnade courtyards. Such an architectural element appears often in buildings of historical heritage and, especially under seismic excitation, it represents the most vulnerable structural part. Therefore, it is very important to have reliable as well as simple models available for vulnerability analysis, to evaluate different reinforcing systems if needed, or to plan dynamic characterization tests or monitoring campaigns, as in the present case. Chiaramonte Palace, a wonderful example of the historical heritage of Palermo, is investigated as case study. Firstly, a …

Soils from an iron and steel scrap storage yard remediated with aided phytostabilization

2018

Minerality in wine: Towards the reality behind the myths

2018

Revue non indexée dans JCR. This article belongs to the Special Issue Wine Components and Chemical Mechanisms for Health; Tasting minerality in wine is highly fashionable, but it is unclear what this involves. The present review outlines published work concerning how minerality in wine is perceived and conceptualised by wine professionals and consumers. Studies investigating physico-chemical sources of perceived minerality in wine are reviewed also. Unusually, for a wine sensory descriptor, the term frequently is taken to imply a genesis: the sensation is the taste of minerals in the wine that were transported through the vine from the vineyard rocks and soils. Recent studies exploring tast…

Diuron mineralisation in a Mediterranean vineyard soil: impact of moisture content and temperature

2010

BACKGROUND: The diuron-mineralising ability of the microbiota of a Mediterranean vineyard soil exposed each year to this herbicide was measured. The impact of soil moisture and temperature on this microbial activity was assessed. RESULTS: The soil microbiota was shown to mineralise diuron. This mineralising activity was positively correlated with soil moisture content, being negligible at 5% and more than 30% at 20% soil moisture content. According to a double Gaussian model applied to fit the dataset, the optimum temperature/soil moisture conditions were 27.9 °C/19.3% for maximum mineralisation rate and 21.9 °C/18.3% for maximum percentage mineralisation. The impact of temperature and soil…