Search results for "Z(0)"

showing 10 items of 712 documents

FIRST MEASUREMENT OF THE STRANGE QUARK ASYMMETRY AT THE Z(0) PEAK

1995

A measurement of the strange quark forward-backward asymmetry at the Z0 peak was performed using 718,000 multihadronic Z0 decays collected by the DELPHI detector at LEP in 1992. The s-quark was tagged by the presence of high momentum charged kaons identified by the Ring Imaging Cherenkov detector and by Λ0;s decaying into pπ-. The s-quark purity obtained was estimated for the two hadrons to be 43%. The average s-quark asymmetry was found to be 0.131±0.035 (stat.) ±0.013 (syst.). The forward-backward asymmetry was measured for unresolved d-and s-quarks, tagged by the detection of a high energy neutron or neutral kaon in the Hadron Calorimeter. The combined d-and s-quark purity was 69% and th…

Strange quarkParticle physicsPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)s-quarkLUND MONTE-CARLOHigh Energy Physics::LatticeElectron–positron annihilationmedia_common.quotation_subjectHadronNuclear TheoryLUND MONTE-CARLO; CHARGE ASYMMETRY; HADRONIC DECAYS; Z0; ANNIHILATION; EVENTS; JETSLambda01 natural sciencesAsymmetryRing-imaging Cherenkov detectorPartícules (Física nuclear)EVENTSNuclear physics0103 physical sciencesDELPHI; asymmetry; Z0 resonance; s-quark[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]NeutronZ0ANNIHILATION010306 general physicsNuclear ExperimentCHARGE ASYMMETRYEngineering (miscellaneous)DELPHImedia_commonPhysics010308 nuclear & particles physicsHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyWeinberg angleLARGE ELECTRON POSITRON COLLIDERZ0 resonancePARTICLE PHYSICS; LARGE ELECTRON POSITRON COLLIDER; DELPHIJETSPARTICLE PHYSICSHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentCol·lisionadors d'hadronsHADRONIC DECAYSasymmetryParticle Physics - Experiment
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J / psi production in the hadronic decays of the Z.

1994

Abstract: J/psi mesons have been reconstructed from their decay to mu(+)mu(-) and e(+)e(-), using the data collected by the DELPHI experiment during 1991 and 1992 at the LEP collider. From about 1 million hadronic Z decays 153 +/- 17 J/psi were found, 5.4 +/- 2.3 psi' were obtained in the channel J/psi(--> mu(+)mu(-))pi(+)pi(-) and 6.4 +/- 2.7 chi(c) in the channel J/psi(--> mu(+)mu(-))gamma. As the dominant source of J/psi mesons is from b quarks, the following branching ratios: Br(b-->J/psi X) = (1.12 +/- 0.12 (stat.) +/- 0.10 (syst.))%, Br(b --> psi' X) = (0.48 +/- 0.22 (stat.) +/- 0.10 (syst.))%, Br(b-->chi(cl) X) = (1.4 +/- 0.6 (stat.)(-0.2)(+0.4) (syst.))% were measured. From the prop…

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsMesonLUND MONTE-CARLO; B-MESON DECAYS; HEAVY-QUARKONIUM; JET FRAGMENTATION; TRANSITIONS; CHARMONIUM; PHYSICS; SYSTEMS; BOSONLUND MONTE-CARLOElectron–positron annihilationHadronTRANSITIONSAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsB meson01 natural sciencesb taggingJET FRAGMENTATIONPartícules (Física nuclear)law.inventionNuclear physicsPHYSICSB-MESON DECAYSlawSYSTEMSCHARMONIUM0103 physical sciences[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]B mesonNuclear Experiment010306 general physicsColliderBosonDELPHIHEAVY-QUARKONIUMPhysics010308 nuclear & particles physicsPhysicsHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyZ0 decayBOSONb-taggingHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentDELPHI; B meson; b tagging; Z0 decayParticle Physics - Experiment
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DETERMINATION OF ALPHA(S) FOR B-QUARKS AT THE Z(0) RESONANCE

1993

The strong coupling constant for b quarks has been determined, and its flavour independence, as predicted by QCD, investigated. The analysis involved events with lepton candidates selected from approximately 356 000 hadronic decays of the Z0, collected by the DELPHI detector at LEP in 1990 and 199 1. A method based on a direct comparison of the three-jet fraction in a b enriched sample, selected by requiring leptons with large momenta and transverse momenta, to that of the entire hadronic sample, illustrated the significant effect of the b quark mass on the multi-jet cross section, and verified the flavour independence of the strong coupling constant to an accuracy of +/- 6%. A second proce…

QuarkCHARMED MESONSNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsHEAVY FLAVOR PRODUCTIONElectron–positron annihilationHigh Energy Physics::LatticeFRAGMENTATION FUNCTIONSFlavourHadron01 natural sciencesBottom quarkNuclear physicsMONTE-CARLO0103 physical sciences[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]010306 general physicsNuclear ExperimentZ DECAYSPhysicsCoupling constantQuantum chromodynamics010308 nuclear & particles physicsHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyJET PRODUCTION-RATESQCDSTRING MODELHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentFísica nuclearHEAVY FLAVOR PRODUCTION; JET PRODUCTION-RATES; E+ E ANNIHILATION; Z0 RESONANCE; FRAGMENTATION FUNCTIONS; CHARMED MESONS; STRING MODEL; MONTE-CARLO; Z DECAYS; QCDE+ E ANNIHILATIONZ0 RESONANCEParticle Physics - ExperimentLepton
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The strong coupling constant: State of the art and the decade ahead

2022

This document provides a comprehensive summary of the state-of-the-art, challenges, and prospects in the experimental and theoretical study of the strong coupling $\alpha_s$. The current status of the seven methods presently used to determine $\alpha_s$ based on: (i) lattice QCD, (ii) hadronic $\tau$ decays, (iii) deep-inelastic scattering and parton distribution functions fits, (iv) electroweak boson decays, hadronic final-states in (v) e+e-, (vi) e-p, and (vii) p-p collisions, and (viii) quarkonia decays and masses, are reviewed. Novel $\alpha_s$ determinations are discussed, as well as the averaging method used to obtain the PDG world-average value at the reference Z boson mass scale, $\…

p p: scatteringFOS: Physical scienceshep-latparton: distribution functionZ0: massHigh Energy Physics - Experimentmass [Z0]hadronic [final state]electron p: scatteringHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)mass: scaleHigh Energy Physics - LatticeHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)strong interaction: coupling constantscale [mass]deep inelastic scatteringstrong coupling[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]scattering [p p]quarkonium: decayParticle Physics - Phenomenologyelectroweak interaction[PHYS.HLAT]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Lattice [hep-lat]hep-exHigh Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)High Energy Physics::Phenomenologylattice field theoryParticle Physics - Latticehep-phscattering [electron p]High Energy Physics - Phenomenology[PHYS.HPHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph]final state: hadronicHigh Energy Physics::Experimentdecay [quarkonium]distribution function [parton]coupling constant [strong interaction]Particle Physics - Experiment
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Drifting Down the Technologization of Life: Could Choreography-Based Interaction Design Support us in Engaging with the World and our Embodied Living?

2013

The development of interactive technology is often based on the assumption of need to reduce the physical action and cognitive load of the user. However, recent conceptualizations, supported by research in various fields of science, emphasize human physical action in cognitive processes and knowledge formation. In fact, physical and closely related imaginary movement can be seen as the quintessence of humanity. Acknowledging this should imply a new approach to the design of interactive technology. In the current study, we propose a choreographic approach for shifting the focal point of interaction design to the aspects of human activity and movement within a technologized context. Hence, th…

Engineeringjel:A00Context (language use)Interaction designjel:C00lcsh:Technologyihminen-teknologia koreografiavuorovaikutussuunnitteluManagement of Technology and Innovationta616lcsh:Science (General)The Imaginarykehollisuusembodimentta113Cognitive sciencejel:Z00lcsh:Tbusiness.industryinteraction designtechnologizationCognitionteknologisaatioChoreographyhuman-technology choreography; interaction design; embodiment; technologizationAction (philosophy)Embodied cognitionhuman-technology choreographyArtificial intelligencebusinessCognitive loadlcsh:Q1-390Challenges
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Measurement of inclusive pi(0) production in hadronic Z(0) decays

1996

An analysis is presented of inclusive \pi^0 production in Z^0 decays measured with the DELPHI detector. At low energies, \pi^0 decays are reconstructed by \linebreak using pairs of converted photons and combinations of converted photons and photons reconstructed in the barrel electromagnetic calorimeter (HPC). At high energies (up to x_p = 2 \cdot p_{\pi}/\sqrt{s} = 0.75) the excellent granularity of the HPC is exploited to search for two-photon substructures in single showers. The inclusive differential cross section is measured as a function of energy for {q\overline q} and {b \bar b} events. The number of \pi^0's per hadronic Z^0 event is N(\pi^0)/ Z_{had}^0 = 9.2 \pm 0.2 \mbox{(stat)} \…

Particle physicsPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)LUND MONTE-CARLOStar (game theory)Electron–positron annihilationHadron01 natural sciencesSpectral linePartícules (Física nuclear)JET FRAGMENTATIONNuclear physicsQCD JETSelectromagnetic calorimeter0103 physical sciences[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]SPECTRA010306 general physicsParton showerDELPHI; Z0 decay; inclusive pi0 production; electromagnetic calorimeterDELPHIPhysicsDENSITY PROJECTION CHAMBER; LUND MONTE-CARLO; JET FRAGMENTATION; E+E-PHYSICS; QCD JETS; SPECTRAE+E-PHYSICS010308 nuclear & particles physicsinclusive pi0 productionZ0 decayLARGE ELECTRON POSITRON COLLIDERLarge Electron–Positron ColliderPARTICLE PHYSICS; LARGE ELECTRON POSITRON COLLIDER; DELPHIPARTICLE PHYSICSProduction (computer science)Física nuclearDENSITY PROJECTION CHAMBEREnergy (signal processing)Particle Physics - Experiment
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A 1D coupled Schrödinger drift-diffusion model including collisions

2005

We consider a one-dimensional coupled stationary Schroedinger drift-diffusion model for quantum semiconductor device simulations. The device domain is decomposed into a part with large quantum effects (quantum zone) and a part where quantum effects are negligible (classical zone). We give boundary conditions at the classic-quantum interface which are current preserving. Collisions within the quantum zone are introduced via a Pauli master equation. To illustrate the validity we apply the model to three resonant tunneling diodes.

Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Quantum dynamics34L40Pauli master equationinterface conditionsQuantum mechanicsPrincipal quantum numberQuantum operation65Z05quantum-classical couplingAmplitude damping channelscattering states82D37PhysicsNumerical Analysis82C70Applied Mathematics34L30Quantum numberComputer Science Applications34L25Computational MathematicsModeling and SimulationQuantum process78A35Schroedinger equationdrift-diffusionQuantum algorithmQuantum dissipation
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Optimal recovery of a radiating source with multiple frequencies along one line

2020

We study an inverse problem where an unknown radiating source is observed with collimated detectors along a single line and the medium has a known attenuation. The research is motivated by applications in SPECT and beam hardening. If measurements are carried out with frequencies ranging in an open set, we show that the source density is uniquely determined by these measurements up to averaging over levelsets of the integrated attenuation. This leads to a generalized Laplace transform. We also discuss some numerical approaches and demonstrate the results with several examples.

attenuated Radon transformMultispectralRAYUniqueness theorem01 natural sciencesinversio-ongelmat44A10 (Primary) 65R32 44A60 46N40 65Z05 (Secondary)030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging0302 clinical medicine111 MathematicsDiscrete Mathematics and CombinatoricstietokonetomografiaPharmacology (medical)INVERSIONnuclear medicineBeam hardeningPhysicsLaplace transformDetectorNumerical Analysis (math.NA)Inverse problemuniqueness theoremFunctional Analysis (math.FA)Mathematics - Functional AnalysisMultiplicative system theoremkuvantaminensovellettu matematiikkaModeling and SimulationSPECTLine (geometry)numeerinen analyysipositroniemissiotomografiaemission computed tomographyAttenuated Radon transformEmission computed tomographyControl and OptimizationLaplace transformmultispectralOpen setCollimated light03 medical and health sciencesnuclear medicine.multiplicative system theoremFOS: Mathematicsinverse source problemMathematics - Numerical Analysis0101 mathematicsAttenuation010102 general mathematicsInverse source problemRangingComputational physicsTENSOR TOMOGRAPHYPETbeam hardeningNuclear MedicineAnalysis
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PRODUCTION-RATE AND DECAY LIFETIME MEASUREMENTS OF B(S)0 MESONS AT LEP USING D(S) AND PHI MESONS

1994

The study of the properties of inclusive production of Ds mesons and of events in which a φ{symbol} and a muon are present in the same jet provides two independent measurements of the probability, fs w, for a heavy quark to hadronize into a strange B or D meson. The data sample analysed corresponds to 243,000 hadronic Z0 decays. The combined value of these measurements is fs w=0.19±0.06±0.08. From the flight distance distributions of Ds and of (φ{symbol}-lepton) secondary vertices, with the lepton emitted at high transverse momentum relative to the jet axis, two values are obtained for the Bs 0 meson lifetime. Combining these measurements with a previous result based on the study of Ds-μ ev…

QuarkParticle physicsPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)MesonLUND MONTE-CARLOElectron–positron annihilationNuclear TheoryJet (particle physics)01 natural sciencesJET FRAGMENTATIONNuclear physicsPHYSICS0103 physical sciences[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]B mesonZ0010306 general physicsNuclear ExperimentEngineering (miscellaneous)PhysicsMuonB-MESONS010308 nuclear & particles physicsPhysicsHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyLUND MONTE-CARLO; JET FRAGMENTATION; B-MESONS; PHYSICS; Z0High Energy Physics::ExperimentFísica nuclearParticle Physics - ExperimentProduction rateLepton
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Combination of Searches for Invisible Higgs Boson Decays with the ATLAS Experiment

2019

Dark matter particles, if sufficiently light, may be produced in decays of the Higgs boson. This Letter presents a statistical combination of searches for H → invisible decays where H is produced according to the standard model via vector boson fusion, Z(ℓℓ)H, and W/Z(had)H, all performed with the ATLAS detector using 36.1  fb⁻¹ of pp collisions at a center-of-mass energy of √s = 13  TeV at the LHC. In combination with the results at √s = 7 and 8 TeV, an exclusion limit on the H → invisible branching ratio of 0.26(0.17-0.05+0.07) at 95% confidence level is observed (expected).

WIMP nucleon: scatteringMATÉRIA ESCURA13000 GeV-cmsGeneral Physics and Astronomy01 natural sciencesWIMP: dark matterVector bosonHigh Energy Physics - Experimentdark matter [WIMP]Subatomär fysikHiggs particle: hadroproductionHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)vector boson: fusionSubatomic Physicsscattering [p p]S126.7[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]GeneralLiterature_REFERENCE(e.g.dictionariesencyclopediasglossaries)Z0: hadronic decayvector boson: associated productionPhysicsS030DMPLarge Hadron Colliderhadronic decay [Z0]ATLAS experimentSettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleConfidence levelsBranching ratioATLAS:Mathematics and natural scienses: 400::Physics: 430::Nuclear and elementary particle physics: 431 [VDP]Vector bosonmedicine.anatomical_structureThe standard modelCERN LHC CollHiggs particle: branching ratio: upper limitHiggs bosonLHCgamma-ray excesscolliding beams [p p]Particle Physics - ExperimentS126:Desig=7Particle physicsp p: scattering530 PhysicsCiências Naturais::Ciências FísicasHiggs bosonDark matter:Ciências Físicas [Ciências Naturais]FOS: Physical sciencesATLAS experimentHiggs particle: invisible decaybranching ratio: upper limit [Higgs particle]LHC ATLAS High Energy Physicsddc:500.2fusion [vector boson]530Standard ModelmodelsParticle dark matterAtlas (anatomy)0103 physical sciencesmedicineDark matterddc:530High Energy Physics010306 general physicshadronic decay [W]Ciencias ExactasATLAS CollaborationW: hadronic decayScience & TechnologyBranching fractionscattering [WIMP nucleon]hep-exATLAS detectorsHigh Energy Physics::Phenomenology:Matematikk og naturvitenskap: 400::Fysikk: 430::Kjerne- og elementærpartikkelfysikk: 431 [VDP]Físicaleptonic decay [Z0]Higgs Boson decayInvisible decaysExperimental High Energy PhysicsZ0: leptonic decayExtensions of Higgs sectorDark matter particlesElementary Particles and Fieldshadroproduction [Higgs particle]associated production [vector boson]High Energy Physics::ExperimentHadron-hadron collisionsstatisticalp p: colliding beamsinvisible decay [Higgs particle]experimental results
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