Search results for "abs"

showing 10 items of 6504 documents

Competition and cooperation for intermodal container transhipment: A network optimization approach

2018

Abstract This study presents an analysis of cross-border competition and cooperation between ports in Bangladesh and India. Nepal and Bhutan are countries without access to seaports — two landlocked countries in South Asia, depending solely on the Indian port of Kolkata for their international seaborne trade. Alternatives do exist in the Bangladeshi ports of Chittagong and Mongla but these are not exploited, in spite of trade agreements that allow access to a third country's port, and/or crossing the land of a third, intermediate, country. We formulate a mixed integer linear programming optimization model to find the optimum economic benefit of port users (serving Bhutan, Nepal and Northeas…

050210 logistics & transportationSouth asiaStrategy and Management05 social sciencesEconomics Econometrics and Finance (miscellaneous)General Decision SciencesTransportation010501 environmental sciencesManagement Science and Operations Research01 natural sciencesPort (computer networking)Competition (economics)Tourism Leisure and Hospitality Management0502 economics and businessContainer (abstract data type)BusinessBusiness and International ManagementLandlocked countryRobustness (economics)Integer programmingSensitivity analysesIndustrial organization0105 earth and related environmental sciencesResearch in Transportation Business & Management
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Miscellaneous Graph Preliminaries

2020

Summary This article contains many auxiliary theorems which were missing in the Mizar Mathematical Library [2] to the best of the author’s knowledge. Most of them regard graph theory as formalized in the GLIB series (cf. [8]) and most of them are preliminaries needed in [7] or other forthcoming articles.

05c07Discrete mathematicsComputational Mathematicsvertex degreesgraph theoryApplied MathematicsQA1-939Graph (abstract data type)Graph theory68v20MathematicsMathematicsFormalized Mathematics
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Syntheses and properties of tetrathio- and tetraseleno metalates [(C5Me4R)2NbE2]2M (E=S, Se; M=Cr, Mo; R=Me, Et) with peripheric niobocene ligands

1998

Abstract Reactions of Cp*2Nb(η2-S2)H 1 (Cp*=C5Me5 (a), C5Me4Et (b)) and Cp*2Nb(η2-Se2H) 3 with 0.5 equivalents of M(CO)6 (M=Cr, Mo) in boiling toluene give the CO free complexes [Cp*2NbE2]2M 4–7. X-ray diffraction analyses have been carried out for the Mo complexes 5a (E=S) and 7a (E=Se) showing that the structures contain ME4 tetrahedral cores with two attached niobocene ligands thus forming a nearly linear trimetallic unit. Absorption spectra and electrochemical studies of complexes 4–7 are described. Characteristic of the novel CrSe4 chromophor are four reversible one electron redox steps. Chemical oxidation of 4a and 5a with [(C5H5)2Fe]PF6 gives the salts {[Cp*2NbS2]2M}PF6 (M=Cr, Mo) 10…

10120 Department of ChemistryElectron density1303 BiochemistryAbsorption spectroscopy1604 Inorganic ChemistryOrganic Chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementElectrochemistryBiochemistrySulfurTolueneRedoxInorganic ChemistryCrystallographychemistry.chemical_compoundchemistry540 ChemistryMaterials ChemistryPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry1606 Physical and Theoretical Chemistry2505 Materials Chemistry1605 Organic Chemistry
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Lamotrigine use in pregnancy and risk of orofacial cleft and other congenital anomalies

2016

Objective: To test previous signals of a risk of orofacial cleft (OC) and clubfoot with exposure to the antiepileptic lamotrigine, and to investigate risk of other congenital anomalies (CA).Methods: This was a population-based case–malformed control study based on 21 EUROCAT CA registries covering 10.1 million births (1995–2011), including births to 2005 in which the clubfoot signal was generated and a subsequent independent study population of 6.3 million births. A total of 226,806 babies with CA included livebirths, stillbirths, and terminations of pregnancy following prenatal diagnosis. First-trimester lamotrigine monotherapy exposure in OC cases and clubfoot cases was compared to other …

115congenital anomalies ; orofacial clefts ; lamotrigine ; pregnancy0302 clinical medicinePregnancyOdds RatioRegistries030212 general & internal medicineEPILEPSYeducation.field_of_studyTriazinesObstetricsAbsolute risk reductionANTIEPILEPTIC DRUGSAbnormalities Drug-InducedCleft PalateEuropeAnesthesiaINCREASED FREQUENCYAnticonvulsantsFemalemedicine.drugAdultRisk61medicine.medical_specialtyCleft LipPopulationPrenatal diagnosisLamotrigineLamotrigineSensitivity and SpecificityArticle03 medical and health sciencesJournal ArticlemedicineHumansAbnormalities Drug-Induced/epidemiology; Adult; Anticonvulsants/adverse effects; Anticonvulsants/therapeutic use; Case-Control Studies; Cleft Lip/chemically induced; Cleft Lip/epidemiology; Cleft Palate/chemically induced; Cleft Palate/epidemiology; Epilepsy/drug therapy; Epilepsy/epidemiology; Europe/epidemiology; Female; Humans; Odds Ratio; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications/drug therapy; Pregnancy Complications/epidemiology; Pregnancy Trimester First; Registries; Risk; Sensitivity and Specificity; Triazines/adverse effects; Triazines/therapeutic useMALFORMATIONSeducationPregnancy53business.industryCLUBFOOTCase-control studyOdds ratio228medicine.diseaseConfidence intervalPregnancy ComplicationsPregnancy Trimester FirstPALATECase-Control StudiesREGISTRYNeurology (clinical)business030217 neurology & neurosurgeryNeurology
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Compensation of Oxygen Transmittance Effects for Proximal Sensing Retrieval of Canopy–Leaving Sun–Induced Chlorophyll Fluorescence

2018

Estimates of Sun–Induced vegetation chlorophyll Fluorescence (SIF) using remote sensing techniques are commonly determined by exploiting solar and/or telluric absorption features. When SIF is retrieved in the strong oxygen (O 2 ) absorption features, atmospheric effects must always be compensated. Whereas correction of atmospheric effects is a standard airborne or satellite data processing step, there is no consensus regarding whether it is required for SIF proximal–sensing measurements nor what is the best strategy to be followed. Thus, by using simulated data, this work provides a comprehensive analysis about how atmospheric effects impact SIF estimations on proximal sensing, regarding: (…

1171 GeosciencesFLUXspectral fitting method (SFM)AIRBORNE010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesScience0211 other engineering and technologiesFlux02 engineering and technologyfraunhofer line discriminator (FLD)Surface pressure01 natural sciencesO2 transmittanceAtmospheric radiative transfer codesatmospheric pressureFIELD SPECTROSCOPYTransmittanceAstrophysics::Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsSPACESpectral resolutionAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)021101 geological & geomatics engineering0105 earth and related environmental sciencesRemote sensingproximal sensing4112 Forestrysun-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF)Atmospheric pressureSTRESS DETECTIONPHOTOSYNTHESISQAtmospheric correctionO-2 transmittanceair temperatureREFLECTANCEsun–induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF)Physics::Space Physicssun–induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF); proximal sensing; O<sub>2</sub> transmittance; fraunhofer line discriminator (FLD); spectral fitting method (SFM); air temperature; atmospheric pressureLUMINESCENCEGeneral Earth and Planetary SciencesEnvironmental scienceABSORPTION-BANDSAstrophysics::Earth and Planetary AstrophysicsVEGETATIONRemote Sensing
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Photochemical mineralization of terrigenous DOC to dissolved inorganic carbon in ocean

2018

When terrigenous dissolved organic carbon (tDOC) rich in chromophoric dissolved organic matter (tCDOM) enters the ocean, solar radiation mineralizes it partially into dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC). This study addresses the amount and the rates of DIC photoproduction from tDOC and the area of ocean required to photomineralize tDOC. We collected water samples from 10 major rivers, mixed them with artificial seawater, and irradiated them with simulated solar radiation to measure DIC photoproduction and the photobleaching of tCDOM. The linear relationship between DIC photoproduction and tCDOM photobleaching was used to estimate the amount of photoproduced DIC from the tCDOM fluxes of the stu…

1171 Geosciencesliuennut orgaaninen hiilihiiliHUMIC LAKEATLANTIC BIGHTAMAZON RIVER PLUMEDOCMICROBIAL DECOMPOSITIONLIGHT-ABSORPTIONoceanGLOBAL OCEANAPPARENT QUANTUM YIELDWORLD RIVERSNATURAL ORGANIC-MATTERCDOMvalokemiaCOASTAL OCEANmeret1172 Environmental sciencesjoet
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Coordination nano-space as stage of hydrogen ortho–para conversion

2015

The ability to design and control properties of nano-sized space in porous coordination polymers (PCPs) would provide us with an ideal stage for fascinating physical and chemical phenomena. We found an interconversion of nuclear-spin isomers for hydrogen molecule H 2 adsorbed in a Hofmann-type PCP, {Fe(pz)[Pd(CN) 4 ]} (pz=pyrazine), by the temperature dependence of Raman spectra. The ortho (o)–para (p) conversion process of H 2 is forbidden for an isolated molecule. The charge density study using synchrotron radiation X-ray diffraction reveals the electric field generated in coordination nano-space. The present results corroborate similar findings observed on different systems and confirm …

196Materials scienceHydrogenPyrazine1002chemistry.chemical_elementCatalysissymbols.namesakechemistry.chemical_compoundhydrogen storage porous coordination polymerElectric fieldNano-Moleculelcsh:ScienceMultidisciplinaryCharge density39hydrogen storage porous coordination polymer; structure of absorbed H-2; ortho-para conversion56ChemistrychemistrysymbolsPhysical chemistrylcsh:Qstructure of absorbed H2ortho–para conversionRaman spectroscopyResearch ArticleRoyal Society Open Science
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Effect of mycorrhizal inoculation on metal accumulation by poplar leaves at phytomanaged sites

2017

Abstract Phytotechnologies for the management of lands contaminated with potentially toxic elements (PTEs) are considered as gentle alternatives to conventional remediation techniques. During the last few years, phytotechnologies have progressively shifted to phytomanagement, a concept that includes the valorization of the plant biomass produced on the contaminated site. This study aimed at evaluating the mid-term effect of ecto- and endomycorrhizal inoculation on the reduction of PTE mobility in soils and foliar accumulation by two poplar clones, Skado ( Populus trichocarpa x P. maximowiczii ) and I-214 ( P. deltoides x P. nigra ), dedicated to bioenergy purposes. The effects of inoculatio…

2. Zero hunger0106 biological sciencesPopulus trichocarpa[SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environmentbiologyEnvironmental remediationChemistryInoculationGrowing seasonBiomassPlant Science15. Life on land010501 environmental sciencesbiology.organism_classification01 natural sciencesAbscissionAgronomySoil waterCultivarAgronomy and Crop ScienceEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS010606 plant biology & botany0105 earth and related environmental sciences
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Retrieval of canopy water content of different crop types with two new hyperspectral indices: Water Absorption Area Index and Depth Water Index

2018

Crop canopy water content (CWC) is an essential indicator of the crop’s physiological state. While a diverse range of vegetation indices have earlier been developed for the remote estimation of CWC, most of them are defined for specific crop types and areas, making them less universally applicable. We propose two new water content indices applicable to a wide variety of crop types, allowing to derive CWC maps at a large spatial scale. These indices were developed based on PROSAIL simulations and then optimized with an experimental dataset (SPARC03; Barrax, Spain). This dataset consists of water content and other biophysical variables for five common crop types (lucerne, corn, potato, sugar …

2. Zero hungerCanopyGlobal and Planetary ChangeIndex (economics)Absorption of water010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences0211 other engineering and technologiesHyperspectral imagingSoil science02 engineering and technologyVegetation15. Life on landManagement Monitoring Policy and Law01 natural sciencesArticleSpatial ecologyEnvironmental scienceComputers in Earth SciencesWater contentHyMap021101 geological & geomatics engineering0105 earth and related environmental sciencesEarth-Surface Processes
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Towards events ontology based on data sensors network for viticulture domain

2018

International audience; Wine Cloud project is the first "Big Data" platform on the french viticulture value chain. The aim of this platform is to provide a complete traceability of the life cycle of the wine, from the wine-grower to the consumer. In particular, Wine Cloud may qualify as an agricultural decision platform that will be used for vine life cycle management in order to predict the occurrence of major risks (vine diseases, grape vine pests, physiological risks, fermentation stoppage, oxidation of vine, etc...). Also to make wine production more rational by offering winegrower a set of recommendation regarding their strategy's of production development. The proposed platform "Wine …

2. Zero hungerWineVine[SHS.STAT]Humanities and Social Sciences/Methods and statisticsComputer sciencebusiness.industryProcess (engineering)Big dataCloud computing02 engineering and technologyOntology (information science)Data scienceVineyardSet (abstract data type)Product life-cycle management13. Climate actionAgriculture020204 information systems0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringProduction (economics)020201 artificial intelligence & image processingFermentationViticulturebusiness
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