Search results for "absorption spectra"

showing 10 items of 21 documents

Transient absorption and luminescence of LiNbO3 and KNbO3

2001

Abstract The results of time-resolved optical absorption spectra in congruent and stoichiometric LiNbO3 as well as KNbO3 crystals are reported. The role of different polaron types in transient absoiption and luminescence spectra and decay kinetics are discussed.

Materials scienceKineticsAnalytical chemistryLuminescence spectraCondensed Matter PhysicsPolaronElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsOptical absorption spectraControl and Systems EngineeringUltrafast laser spectroscopyMaterials ChemistryCeramics and CompositesTransient (oscillation)Electrical and Electronic EngineeringLuminescenceStoichiometryIntegrated Ferroelectrics
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Near-Infrared Spectra of Water Confined in Silica Hydrogels in the Temperature Interval 365−5 K

2002

We have used a sol−gel technique to obtain optically transparent hydrogels in which water is trapped within a tridimensional disordered silica matrix. A suitable aging of these hydrogels enables to have transparent noncracking samples down to cryogenic temperatures. We report the optical absorption spectra, in the near-infrared region, of water trapped in our silica hydrogels, measured in the temperature range 365−5 K, and we compare them with the same spectra of liquid water, measured in the temperature range 365−263 K. The data show that it is possible to have noncrystallizing water even at 5 K:  indeed, the overtone bands at ∼1.41 μm and at ∼1.155 μmtypical of “weakly bonded” water molec…

Materials scienceLiquid heliumLiquid waterOvertoneAnalytical chemistryAtmospheric temperature rangeSpectral lineSurfaces Coatings and FilmsOptical absorption spectralaw.inventionNear infrared spectralawSelf-healing hydrogelsMaterials ChemistryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryThe Journal of Physical Chemistry B
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Model performance of partial least squares in utilizing the visible spectroscopy data for estimation of algal biomass in a photobioreactor

2018

[EN] Spectroscopy technology and statistical methods (Partial Least Squares) have been integrated to develop a model that allows estimating the microalgal biomass in a photobioreactor. The model employing PLS combines the absorption spectrum measurements in the visible range (400-750 nm) with a microalgae cell density in a water sample. First, a calibration model was constructed using a calibration data set, and then, the predictive capacity of the model was determined by cross validation. Finally, an external validation of the predictive performance of the model was carried out with an independent data set. To test the accuracy of the model it was applied to different culture conditions yi…

Microalgae biomass010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesAbsorption spectraSoil SciencePhotobioreactorPhotobioreactorPlant Science010501 environmental sciences01 natural sciencesPartial Least SquaresCross-validationSet (abstract data type)Data setUltraviolet visible spectroscopyPartial least squares regressionCalibrationSpectroscopyBiological systemScenedesmus spTECNOLOGIA DEL MEDIO AMBIENTE0105 earth and related environmental sciencesGeneral Environmental ScienceMathematics
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Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory Calculations of N- and S-Doped TiO2 Nanotube for Water-Splitting Applications

2021

This research was funded by the Latvian Council of Science grant LZP-2018/2-0083. Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia, as the Center of Excellence, has received funding from the European Union?s Horizon 2020 Framework Program H2020-WIDESPREAD-01-2016-2017-TeamingPhase2 under Grant Agreement No. 739508, project CAMART2.

NanotubeAnataseMaterials scienceAbsorption spectroscopyabsorption spectraGeneral Chemical Engineering02 engineering and technology7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesTiO2 nanotubeCondensed Matter::Materials Science0103 physical sciencesTime-dependent density functional theoryPhysics::Atomic and Molecular Clusterstransition contribution mapsGeneral Materials ScienceTransition contribution maps010306 general physicsQD1-999TiO<sub>2</sub> nanotubeDopantphotocatalystDopingAbsorption spectraPhotocatalystTime-dependent density functional theory021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyChemistrytime-dependent density functional theoryChemical physics:NATURAL SCIENCES [Research Subject Categories]Water splittingDensity functional theory0210 nano-technologyNanomaterials
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Luminescence of impyrity and radiation defects in magnesium oxide irradiated by fast neutrons

2009

Abstract The photoluminescence, its excitation and absorption spectra of MgO single crystals are investigated before and after the irradiation with fast neutrons. It is shown that the fast neutron irradiation leads to the formation of two types of centers: the interstitial proton H + i and the Mg(OH) 2 microphase. From the behaviour of the photoluminescence (PL) and its excitation (PLE) spectra we suppose that the photoluminescence band at 730 nm of the MgO crystals belongs to the complex V − OH − Fe 3+ centers, which is transformed during the irradiation with fast neutrons. The obtained results allow assume that the transitionions play an important role in the migration of vacancies and in…

Neutron irradiationMaterials sciencePhotoluminescenceProtonAbsorption spectroscopyAbsorption spectraAnalytical chemistryRadiationPhysics and Astronomy(all)Neutron temperaturePhotoluminescence excitationIrradiationLuminescencePhotoluminescenceMagnesium oxidePhysics Procedia
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Observing heme doming in myoglobin with femtosecond X-ray absorption spectroscopy.

2015

International audience; We report time-resolved X-ray absorption measurements after photolysis of carbonmonoxy myoglobin performed at the LCLS X-ray free electron laser with nearly 100 fs (FWHM) time resolution. Data at the Fe K-edge reveal that the photoinduced structural changes at the heme occur in two steps, with a faster (∼70 fs) relaxation preceding a slower (∼400 fs) one. We tentatively attribute the first relaxation to a structural rearrangement induced by photolysis involving essentially only the heme chromophore and the second relaxation to a residual Fe motion out of the heme plane that is coupled to the displacement of myoglobin F-helix

PhotodissociationAbsorption spectroscopyTime resolved spectroscopyInvited ArticlesPhotochemistrySPECIAL TOPIC: BIOLOGY WITH X-RAY LASERS 2chemistry.chemical_compoundX-ray absorption spectralcsh:QD901-999X-ray absorption near edge structureSpectroscopyInstrumentationHemeSpectroscopy[PHYS]Physics [physics]RadiationX-ray optics[SDV.BBM.BS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry Molecular Biology/Structural Biology [q-bio.BM]ChemistryPhotodissociationRelaxation (NMR)ChromophoreCondensed Matter PhysicsSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)MyoglobinBiofisica Dinamica delle proteine Spettroscopia risolta in tempo X-ray free-electron laser Assorbimento di raggi Xlcsh:CrystallographyTime-resolved spectroscopyStructural dynamics (Melville, N.Y.)
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Synthetic and natural chromium bearing spinels: an optical spectroscopy study

2014

Four samples of synthetic chromium-bearing spinels of (Mg, Fe2+)(Cr, Fe3+)2O4 composition and four samples of natural spinels of predominantly (Mg, Fe2+)(Al, Cr)2O4 composition were studied at ambient conditions by means of optical absorption spectroscopy. Synthetic end-member MgCr2O4 spinel was also studied at pressures up to ca. 10 GPa. In both synthetic and natural samples, chromium is present predominantly as octahedral Cr3+ seen in the spectra as two broad intense absorption bands in the visible range caused by the electronic spin-allowed 4A2g → 4T2g and 4A2g → 4T1g transitions (U- and Y-band, respectively). A distinct doublet structure of the Y-band in both synthetic and natural spine…

Settore GEO/06 - MineralogiaOptical absorption spectraAbsorption spectroscopyTrivalent chromiumInorganic chemistrySpinelSpinelInfrared spectroscopychemistry.chemical_elementRacah parameterengineering.materialPressure effectChromiumCrystallographySpinel; Trivalent chromium; Optical absorption spectra; Pressure effectAbsorption edgechemistryOctahedronGeochemistry and PetrologyengineeringGeneral Materials ScienceSpectroscopySettore CHIM/02 - Chimica Fisica
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Spectral Transmission of the Human Corneal Layers

2021

Este artículo se encuentra disponible en la siguiente URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/10/19/4490 Este artículo de investigación pertenece a la sección "Ophthalmology". We have assessed the spectral transmittance of the different layers of the human cornea in the ultraviolet (UV), visible, and near-infrared (IR) spectral ranges. Seventy-four corneal sample donors were included in the study. Firstly, the corneal transmittance was measured using a spectrophotometer. Then, all samples were fixed for histopathological analysis, which allowed us to measure the thickness of each corneal layer. Finally, the absorption coefficients of the corneal layers were computed by a linear model reproducin…

Spectral transmissionmedicine.disease_causeArticleRadiación ultravioleta.OpticstransmittanceCorneacorneaCornea.ultravioletabsorption coefficientTransmittanceMedicineAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)Absorption spectra.Espectros de absorción.business.industrylayerRLight absorption.General MedicineSpectral transmittanceCórnea.eye diseasesUltraviolet radiation.medicine.anatomical_structureLuz - Absorción.Attenuation coefficientMedicinesense organsbusinessLayer (electronics)UltravioletJournal of Clinical Medicine
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Optical Properties of Natural and Synthetic Minerals

2015

The results of investigation of optical absorption and photoluminescence (PL) of topaz, beryl and yttrium aluminium garnet crystals doped with different concentrations of transition ions exposed to fast neutron irradiation and electron irradiation are presented. We suppose that irradiation leads to the formation of two types of complex centers: "Me2+-F+ (or F) centre" and complex centers, which consist of a cation vacancy and an impurity (iron, manganese and chromium) ion. Exchange interaction between radiation defects and impurity ions during neutron or electron irradiation gives rise to appearance of additional absorption and luminescence band broadening in investigated crystals.

inorganic chemicalsMaterials sciencePhotoluminescenceAbsorption spectroscopyAnalytical chemistrytechnology industry and agriculturechemistry.chemical_compoundCondensed Matter::Materials SciencechemistryYttrium aluminium garnetImpurityVacancy defectElectron beam processingPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersIrradiationAbsorption (chemistry)inorganic compounds; absorption spectra; photoluminescence; neutron irradiationNuclear chemistryEnvironment. Technology. Resources.
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Combined Spectroscopic and TD-DFT Analysis to Elucidate Substituent and Acidochromic Effects in Organic Dyes: A Case Study on Amino- versus Nitro-Sub…

2020

Made available in DSpace on 2020-12-12T01:33:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2020-01-01 A combined spectroscopic and TD-DFT case study was performed, to identify a robust method to calculate the complex near UV/Vis absorption spectra of various amino- vs. nitro-substituted 2,4-diphenylquinolines, which vary strongly under neutral and successively acidic conditions. For this, different DFT functionals were tested for geometry optimization and the TD part to calculate the neutral and different protonated species in a fast screening approach, i. e. using single point calculations in an implicit solvent. Offset-corrected M06HF, hitherto only applied to polymers, was identif…

quinolinesAbsorption spectroscopyabsorption spectradual emissionSubstituentProtonation02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyEnergy minimization01 natural sciencesFluorescenceAtomic and Molecular Physics and Optics0104 chemical sciencesSolventchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryComputational chemistryacidochromismNitroDensity functional theoryfluorescencePhysical and Theoretical Chemistry0210 nano-technologydensity functional theory
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