Search results for "absorption."

showing 10 items of 2682 documents

Photoplethysmography Device for Detection of Changes in the Vasomotor Parameters of Small Laboratory Animals

2008

A device for observation of changes in vasomotor parameters of small laboratory animals with limited blood amount has been developed. The device contains cw laser sources (635 nm, 650nm or 980 nm), photodetector, amplifier of the absorption photoplethysmography signal and special software for data recording.

Materials scienceVasomotorAmplifierPhotoplethysmogramPhotodetectorData recordingCw laserAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)SignalBiomedical engineering
researchProduct

Optical rotary power at the resonance of the Terbium 7F6→5D4 line in Terbium Gallium Garnet

1998

Abstract The Tb 3+ absorption line 7 F 6 → 5 D 4 of the Terbium Gallium Garnet crystal is excited with an Argon ion laser. The Verdet's constant has been determined and reported against 1/ λ 2 , showing no significant resonant behaviour at absorption resonance. The utility and the constraints of the crystal at this particular resonant wavelength are pointed out.

Materials scienceVerdet constantOptical isolatorAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementResonanceTerbiumCondensed Matter PhysicsTerbium gallium garnetSpectral lineElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialslaw.inventionCrystalchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistrylawMaterials ChemistryElectrical and Electronic EngineeringAtomic physicsAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)Solid-State Electronics
researchProduct

Selective Photocatalytic Oxidation of 4-Methoxybenzyl Alcohol to p-Anisaldehyde in Organic-Free Water in a Continuous Annular Fixed Bed Reactor

2007

Photocatalytic oxidation of 4-methoxybenzyl alcohol to p-anisaldehyde was performed in water organic-free solutions by using a fixed bed continuous photoreactor containing Pyrex beads on which a TiO2 home prepared photocatalyst was supported. The influence of liquid flow rate, inlet alcohol concentration and catalyst amount on the photoprocess was studied. The highest selectivity to p-anisaldehyde was about 47% being CO2, the other main oxidation product; traces of 4-methoxybenzoic acid were also detected. The radiation field inside the photoreactor has been modelled by applying the Monte Carlo method thus allowing the determination of the local volumetric rate of photon absorption (LVRPA).…

Materials scienceWaste managementGeneral Chemical EngineeringAnalytical chemistryCatalysisChemical kineticsLight intensitychemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryReagentTitanium dioxidePhotocatalysisReactivity (chemistry)Absorption (electromagnetic radiation)
researchProduct

Role ofp-dands-dinteractions in the electronic structure and band gap of Zn1−xMxO (M=Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, and Cu): Photoelectron and optical spectrosc…

2012

We report an investigation on the effect of $p$-$d$ and $s$-$d$ interactions in the electronic structure, and especially in the band-gap value, of wurtzite wide-gap diluted magnetic semiconductors Zn${}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}$${M}_{x}$O ($M=\mathrm{Cr}$, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu). Thin films prepared by pulsed laser deposition are investigated by means of optical absorption at low-temperature and photoelectron spectroscopy. Pure wurzite phase is shown to be maintained for Co and Mn concentrations up to 25$%$ and for Cr up to 10$%$, while in the case of Fe, Ni, and Cu, other phases are present for concentrations higher than 5, 2, and 1$%$, respectively. The band gap of the Zn${}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}$${M…

Materials scienceX-ray photoelectron spectroscopyBand gapBinding energyAnalytical chemistryDensity functional theoryAbsorption (logic)Electronic structureAtomic physicsCondensed Matter PhysicsElectronic band structureSpectroscopyElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsPhysical Review B
researchProduct

Study of As and Tl high-frequency electrodeless lamps for Zeeman absorption spectroscopy

2020

High-frequency electrodeless light sources are known as bright radiators with the line spectrum, characterized by high intensities and narrow line shapes. The lamp balloons are mostly made of quartz and filled with a metal and buffer gas. These light sources must be optimized for each application in accordance with the specific requirements of radiation quality, lifetime, and stability. This work is devoted to the diagnostic of high-frequency electrodeless light sources for their use in high precision atomic absorption analyzers and other applications like disinfection. The spectral line intensities and profiles were studied in discharges with arsenic and thallium fillings. Special attentio…

Materials scienceZeeman effectAbsorption spectroscopybusiness.industryBuffer gasSpectral linelaw.inventionsymbols.namesakeOpticslawsymbolsDeconvolutionEmission spectrumbusinessAtomic absorption spectroscopyLine (formation)Biophotonics—Riga 2020
researchProduct

Unmixing of human skin optical reflectance maps by Non-negative Matrix Factorization algorithm

2013

International audience; We present in this paper the decomposition of human skin absorption spectra with a Non-negative Matrix Factorization method. In doing so, we are able to quantify the relative proportion of the main chromophores present in the epidermis and the dermis. We present experimental results showing that we obtain a good estimate of melanin and hemoglobin concentrations. Our approach has been validated by analyzing the human skin absorption spectra in areas of healthy skin and areas affected by melasma on eight patients.

Materials science[ INFO.INFO-TS ] Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image ProcessingAbsorption spectroscopyMelasmaHealth InformaticsHuman skin02 engineering and technology[ SPI.SIGNAL ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing01 natural sciencesNon-negative Matrix FactorizationNon-negative matrix factorizationMatrix decomposition010309 opticsSpectral reconstructionOpticsDermis[INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing0103 physical sciences0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringmedicine[INFO.INFO-IM]Computer Science [cs]/Medical ImagingChromophores quantificationOptical reflectance[ INFO.INFO-IM ] Computer Science [cs]/Medical Imagingintegumentary systembusiness.industrymedicine.diseasemedicine.anatomical_structureSignal Processing020201 artificial intelligence & image processingEpidermisSkin optical reflectance mapsbusinessBiological system[SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing
researchProduct

Ab Initio Simulation of Attosecond Transient Absorption Spectroscopy in Two-Dimensional Materials

2018

We extend the first-principles analysis of attosecond transient absorption spectroscopy to two-dimensional materials. As an example of two-dimensional materials, we apply the analysis to monolayer hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) and compute its transient optical properties under intense few-cycle infrared laser pulses. Nonadiabatic features are observed in the computed transient absorption spectra. To elucidate the microscopic origin of these features, we analyze the electronic structure of h-BN with density functional theory and investigate the dynamics of specific energy bands with a simple two-band model. Finally, we find that laser-induced intraband transitions play a significant role in…

Materials scienceattosecond transient absorption spectroscopyAttosecondAb initioFOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technologyElectronic structure01 natural sciencesMolecular physicslcsh:TechnologySettore FIS/03 - Fisica Della Materialcsh:Chemistry0103 physical sciencesUltrafast laser spectroscopyGeneral Materials Science010306 general physicsSpectroscopyInstrumentationlcsh:QH301-705.5Fluid Flow and Transfer ProcessesCondensed Matter - Materials Sciencelcsh:TProcess Chemistry and TechnologyGeneral EngineeringMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)Time-dependent density functional theory021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologylcsh:QC1-999Computer Science Applicationstime-dependent density functional theoryfirst-principles simulationlcsh:Biology (General)lcsh:QD1-999lcsh:TA1-2040Density functional theoryTransient (oscillation)0210 nano-technologylcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)lcsh:PhysicsOptics (physics.optics)Physics - OpticsApplied Sciences
researchProduct

<title>F-type centers in LiBaF<formula><inf><roman>3</roman></inf></formula> crystals</title>

2003

A comparative study of optical properties of thermochemically reduced undoped LiBaF3 crystals is reported. In LiBaF3 crystals obtained or treated in a reducing atmosphere an absorption band at 240 nm and a corresponding luminescence band at 505 nm are observed at 85 K. The main constituent of the center may be an anion vacancy with a trapped electron (an F-type center in LiBaF3 crystals).© (2003) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.

Materials sciencebusiness.industryAbsorption bandVacancy defectReducing atmosphereAnalytical chemistryOptoelectronicsElectronAbsorption (chemistry)LuminescencebusinessIonPerovskite (structure)SPIE Proceedings
researchProduct

Self- and air-broadened line shapes in the 2ν3 P and R branches of 12CH4

2015

Abstract In this paper we report line shape parameters of 12 CH 4 for several hundred 2ν 3 transitions in the spectral regions 5891–5996 cm −1 (P branch) and 6015–6115 cm −1 (R branch). Air- and self-broadening coefficients were measured as a function of temperature; line mixing via off-diagonal relaxation matrix element coefficients was also obtained for 47 transition pairs. In total, nearly 1517 positions and intensities were retrieved, but many transitions were too weak for the line shape study. For this analysis, we used 25 high-resolution (0.0056 and 0.0067 cm −1 ) and high signal-to-noise (S/N) spectra of high-purity 12 CH 4 and the same high-purity 12 CH 4 broadened by dry air record…

Materials sciencebusiness.industryAnalytical chemistryAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsSpectral linesymbols.namesakeWhite CellOpticsFourier transformVolume (thermodynamics)Path lengthsymbolsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistrybusinessAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)SpectroscopyMixing (physics)Line (formation)Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy
researchProduct

Erbium-Doped-Silica Photonic Crystal Fiber Characterization Method: Description and Experimental Check

2010

The present paper reports and discusses a characterization method for erbium-doped-silica photonic crystal fibers based on the measurement of pump power attenuation and gain together with the McCumber theory. The absorption and emission cross sections and the passive losses of the fiber were obtained from a fitting procedure of theoretical to experimental values. The method was checked by means of a home-made photonic crystal fiber to verify its reliability. Finally, it was found that the characteristic parameters obtained by this method can be used to accurately simulate the performance of the fiber and therefore to design devices based on it.

Materials sciencebusiness.industryAttenuationDopingPhysics::Opticschemistry.chemical_elementCondensed Matter PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsCharacterization (materials science)ErbiumOpticschemistryFiberElectrical and Electronic EngineeringAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)businessPhotonic-crystal fiberPhotonic crystalIEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics
researchProduct