Search results for "absorption."

showing 10 items of 2682 documents

LiF crystals irradiated with 150MeV Kr ions: Peculiarities of color center creation and thermal annealing

2013

Abstract Color centers in LiF crystals are studied under irradiation at room temperature with 150 MeV Kr ions in the fluence (Φ) range of 1010–1014 ions/cm2 with a beam current density of 10, 50, and 100 nA/cm2, corresponding to flux of 4.46 × 109, 2.23 × 1010 and 4.46 × 1010 ions/(cm2 × s), respectively. At Φ ⩾ 3 × 1012 ions/cm2 besides F and Fn centers also charged F 3 + centers are created. Thermal annealing of irradiated LiF crystals with Φ ⩾ 1013 ions/cm2 at 400 K leads to a decrease of F centers (due to annihilation with H centers) and an enhancement of complex Fn color centers (neutral and charged) due to interaction with thermally activated anion vacancies. Annealing LiF crystals at…

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsColloidRange (particle radiation)Absorption spectroscopyAnnealing (metallurgy)ChemistryIon trackAnalytical chemistryIrradiationAtomic physicsInstrumentationFluenceIonNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
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Radiation displacement defect formation in some complex oxide crystals

2000

The work is devoted to an analysis of the formation processes of radiation displacement defects (RDDs) and color centers (CCs) under irradiation of complex oxide crystals. The results of the displacement process simulation as well as the analysis of the RDDs and CCs accumulation kinetics in some complex oxide crystals are presented. New experimental results on additional absorption spectra induced by neutron irradiation of LiNbO3 (LNO) crystals doped with Fe and Cr and YAlO3 (YAP) crystals doped with Nd and Er as well are presented. Dose dependencies are compared and their peculiarities are discussed. ” 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsComplex oxideMaterials scienceAbsorption spectroscopyKineticsLithium niobateDopingRadiationDisplacement (vector)chemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryPhysical chemistryIrradiationInstrumentationNuclear chemistryNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
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Exciton-created defects and their participation in energy transfer from excitons to Tl ions in KI–Tl crystal

2000

Abstract Luminescence properties (spectra, yields, kinetics) of Tl ions induced by energy transfer from different types of anion excitons were studied and compared with those observed under direct Tl ion excitation by light quanta from A and C absorption bands in KI–Tl crystal at low temperature. The mechanism of energy transfer from excitons to the impurity ions was proposed based on the exciton-created defects participating in the impurity ion excitation.

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsCondensed Matter::OtherChemistryExcitonCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall EffectSpectral lineIonCrystalCondensed Matter::Materials SciencePhysics::Plasma PhysicsImpurityAbsorption (chemistry)Atomic physicsLuminescenceInstrumentationExcitationNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
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Color centers and nanodefects in LiF crystals irradiated with 150MeV Kr ions

2012

Abstract The modifications of structure, optical and nano-mechanical properties of LiF crystals after irradiation with 150-MeV Kr +14 ions at a fluence of 6 × 10 12  ions cm −2 have been studied using optical absorption spectroscopy, scanning electron and atomic force microscopy, and nanoindentation. Optical spectroscopy shows the saturation of F centers and a comparatively high number of F n centers. AFM and SEM imaging reveals a nanostructured region with columnar nanocrystallites (size 30–90 nm). Nanostructuring occurs in depths up to 10 μm, where the ion energy loss surpasses a critical threshold of about 10 keV/nm. At a lower energy loss a zone enriched with dislocations is observed. S…

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsCrystallographyMaterials scienceAbsorption spectroscopyScanning electron microscopeAnnealing (metallurgy)Ion trackAnalytical chemistryIrradiationNanoindentationSpectroscopyInstrumentationIonNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
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Thermal annealing and transformation of dimer F centers in neutron-irradiated Al2O3 single crystals

2020

This work has been carried out within the framework of the EUROfusion Consortium and has received funding from the Euratom research and training programme 2014-2018 and 2019-2020 under grant agreement No 633053. The views and opinions expressed herein do not necessarily reflect those of the European Commission. In addition, the research leading to these results has received funding from the Estonian Research Council grant (PUT PRG619).

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsDimer F-type centersMaterials scienceα-Al2O3DimerAnalytical chemistryCorundum02 engineering and technologyengineering.material01 natural sciencesFluence010305 fluids & plasmaschemistry.chemical_compound0103 physical sciences:NATURAL SCIENCES:Physics [Research Subject Categories]General Materials ScienceNeutronIrradiationThermal annealingIrradiation by fast neutrons021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyNeutron temperatureRadiation induced optical absorptionNuclear Energy and EngineeringchemistryengineeringAbsorption (chemistry)0210 nano-technologyLuminescenceJournal of Nuclear Materials
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Comparative quantum chemistry study of the F-center in lanthanum trifluoride

2020

Abstract In this study we report the results of first principle quantum chemical modeling of electronic structure and spatial configuration of LaF3 crystal containing the F-center. Theoretical predictions of atomic and electronic properties of LaF3 are given by means of density functional theory. From our modeling we predict that the F-center placed at fluorine ion position between the lanthanum planes at tysonite LaF3 is the most energetically stable. In order to interpret the structure of the optical absorption spectrum of X-irradiated LaF3 we performed calculations of excited and transition states of the F-center within the embedded cluster formalism using time dependent density function…

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsMaterials scienceAbsorption spectroscopy02 engineering and technologyElectronic structureTime-dependent density functional theory010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesQuantum chemistry0104 chemical scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryAb initio quantum chemistry methodsExcited stateLanthanum trifluorideDensity functional theoryAtomic physics0210 nano-technologyInstrumentationNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
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Optical absorption and Raman studies of neutron-irradiated Gd3Ga5O12 single crystals

2018

Abstract In this work we have performed a comparative analysis of optical absorption and micro-Raman spectra for series of Gd3Ga5O12 (GGG) single crystals irradiated by fast neutrons with fluences from 1016 n/cm2 to 1018 n/cm2. It was found that the optical absorption spectra of non-irradiated Czochralski grown GGG consist of the relatively narrow lines in the UV spectral range related to the 4f–4f transitions in Gd3+. Transitions from the 6S7/2 ground state to the 6P, 6J and 6D states in a Gd3+ cation are clearly detected. For a GGG crystal containing Ca impurity ions, additional absorption band at 350 nm is observed, and it is tentatively ascribed to oxygen vacancies associated with Ca im…

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsMaterials scienceAnalytical chemistry02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesSpectral lineNeutron temperatureCrystalsymbols.namesakeImpurityAbsorption band0103 physical sciencessymbolsIrradiation010306 general physics0210 nano-technologyRaman spectroscopyAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)InstrumentationNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
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Oxygen-excess-related point defects in glassy/amorphous SiO2 and related materials

2012

Abstract An insight is given into recent experimental advances in the spectroscopic studies of oxygen-excess intrinsic defects, in glassy SiO 2 and α-quartz. By controlling excess oxygen in a-SiO 2 , and the conditions of F 2 -laser irradiation, SiO 2 glass samples can be obtained with optical absorption almost exclusively dominated by single defect, oxygen dangling bonds (“non-bridging oxygen hole centers” or NBOHCs), without the presence of complementary Si dangling bonds (generic “E′-centers”). This allows for a more accurate determination of the spectral shape of NBOHC optical absorption in UV and vacuum UV spectral regions. The temperature dependence of NBOHC electron paramagnetic reso…

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsMaterials scienceDangling bondCrystal structureMolecular physicsCrystallographic defectlaw.inventionAmorphous solidCrystallographylawPhase (matter)Electron paramagnetic resonanceAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)LuminescenceInstrumentationNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
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Theoretical and experimental study of primary radiation defects in KNbO3 perovskite crystals

2000

Abstract The results of large-scale computer simulations of point defects – F-type electron centers and hole polarons bound to a potassium vacancy – in perovskite KNbO3 crystals are presented. One-site polarons and two-site (molecular) polarons are expected to coexist, both are characterized by close absorption energies around 1 eV. The transient absorption spectra and decay kinetics observed after ns-pulsed electron beam irradiation have been measured for different KNbO3 crystals. The relaxation kinetics of the optical density vary considerably for different impurity concentrations and sample stoichiometries. Experimental data are discussed in the light of the presented calculations.

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsMaterials scienceElectronPolaronCrystallographic defectCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceImpurityVacancy defectUltrafast laser spectroscopyCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsAtomic physicsAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)InstrumentationPerovskite (structure)Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
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Quantitative analysis of rhenium in irradiated tungsten

2021

Abstract Pure tungsten (W), irradiated to 3.5 dpa in a target of the Swiss neutron spallation source (SINQ), was characterized using high-sensitivity HPGe gamma ray spectroscopy to identify the present radionuclides. Synchrotron X-ray absorption spectroscopy was used to quantify the amount of Re produced in the irradiated W. An atomic concentration of 0.61% Re in the irradiated W was determined from the height of the L3-edge X-ray absorption edge jump. Analysis of the local atomic structure from the extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectra indicates that rhenium (Re) produced in the system is mainly coordinated by W atoms and partly coordinated by void defects. First-princip…

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsMaterials scienceExtended X-ray absorption fine structureAbsorption spectroscopyAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technologyRheniumTungsten021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmasNuclear Energy and EngineeringchemistryAbsorption edge0103 physical sciencesGeneral Materials ScienceSpallationGamma spectroscopy0210 nano-technologyAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)Journal of Nuclear Materials
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