Search results for "absorption."

showing 10 items of 2682 documents

Indicaxanthin inhibits NADPH oxidase (NOX)-1 activation and NF-κB-dependent release of inflammatory mediators and prevents the increase of epithelial…

2014

Dietary redox-active/antioxidant phytochemicals may help control or mitigate the inflammatory response in chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In the present study, the anti-inflammatory activity of indicaxanthin (Ind), a pigment from the edible fruit of cactus pear (Opuntia ficus-indica, L.), was shown in an IBD model consisting of a human intestinal epithelial cell line (Caco-2 cells) stimulated by IL-1β, a cytokine known to play a major role in the initiation and amplification of inflammatory activity in IBD. The exposure of Caco-2 cells to IL-1β brought about the activation of NADPH oxidase (NOX-1) and the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) to activate intracellular signal…

Cell Membrane PermeabilityPyridinesPyridinemedicine.medical_treatmentInterleukin-1betaMedicine (miscellaneous)Nitric Oxide Synthase Type IIIndicaxanthinNADPH OxidaseInflammatory bowel diseaseIntestinal absorptionAntioxidantschemistry.chemical_compoundSettore BIO/10 - BiochimicaInflammation MediatorCaco-2 CellNutrition and DieteticsNADPH oxidasebiologyNF-kappa BNADPH Oxidase 1OpuntiaCell biologyBetaxanthinsCytokineNADPH Oxidase 1EnterocyteAntioxidantmedicine.symptomInflammation MediatorsReactive Oxygen SpecieIndicaxanthinHumanRedox-active phytochemicalInflammationIn vitro modelmedicineHumansIndicaxanthin Betalain pigments Inflammatory bowel disease Redox-active phytochemicalsInterleukin 8Inflammationbusiness.industryInterleukin-6Interleukin-8NADPH OxidasesInflammatory Bowel DiseasesEnzyme ActivationEnterocyteschemistryIntestinal AbsorptionCaco-2Cyclooxygenase 2BetaxanthinFruitImmunologybiology.proteinCaco-2 CellsbusinessReactive Oxygen SpeciesThe British journal of nutrition
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Functionally relevant electric-field induced perturbations of the prosthetic group of yeast ferrocytochrome c mutants obtained from a vibronic analys…

2006

We have measured the low temperature (T = 20 K) absorption spectra of the N52A, N52V, N52I, Y67F, and N52AY67F mutants of ferrous Saccharomyces cerevisiae (baker's yeast) cytochrome c. All the bands in the Q0- and Q(v)-band region are split, and the intensity distributions among the split bands are highly asymmetric. The spectra were analyzed by a decomposition into Voigtian profiles. The spectral parameters thus obtained were further analyzed in terms of the vibronic coupling model of Schweitzer-Stenner and Bigman (Schweitzer-Stenner, R.; Bigman, D. J. Phys. Chem. B 2001, 7064-7073) to identify parameters related to electronic and vibronic perturbations of the heme macrocycle. We report th…

Porphyrinsporphyrin coreAbsorption spectroscopyCytochromebiologyChemistrySpectrum AnalysisCytochromes cSaccharomyces cerevisiaeMolecular physicsSpectral lineSurfaces Coatings and FilmsCold Temperaturechemistry.chemical_compoundMolecular dynamicsVibronic couplingnickelElectricityNormal modeElectric fieldMaterials Chemistrybiology.proteinPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAtomic physicsHemeThe journal of physical chemistry. B
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Computational determination of the dominant triplet population mechanism in photoexcited benzophenone

2014

In benzophenone, intersystem crossing occurs efficiently between the S-1(n pi(star)) state and the T-1 state of dominant n pi(star) character, leading to excited triplet states after photoexcitation. The transition mechanism between S-1(n pi(star)) and T-1 is still a matter of debate, despite several experimental studies. Quantum mechanical calculations have been performed in order to assess the relative efficiencies of previously proposed mechanisms, in particular, the direct S-1 -> T-1 and indirect S-1 -> T-2(pi pi(star)) -> T-1 ones. Multiconfigurational wave function based methods are used to discuss the nature of the relevant states and also to determine minimum energy paths a…

STATE DIPOLE-MOMENTSPopulationMechanistic organic photochemistryEXCITED BENZOPHENONEGeneral Physics and AstronomyGAS-PHASEABSORPTION-SPECTROSCOPYchemistry.chemical_compoundORGANIC-PHOTOCHEMISTRYMOLECULAR WAVE-FUNCTIONSBenzophenonePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryeducationWave functioneducation.field_of_studyROW ATOMSChemistryCONICAL INTERSECTIONSPhotoexcitation[CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistryIntersystem crossingExcited state2ND-ORDER PERTURBATION-THEORYANO BASIS-SETSAtomic physicsPhosphorescence
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UV-Photoinduced Defects In Ge-Doped Optical Fibers

2005

We investigated the effect of continuous-wave (cw) UV laser radiation on single-mode Ge-doped H2- loaded optical fibers. An innovative technique was developed to measure the optical absorption (OA) induced in the samples by irradiation, and to study its dependence from laser fluence. The combined use of the electron spin resonance (ESR) technique allowed the structural identification of several radiation-induced point defects, among which the Ge(1) (GeO4 -) is found to be responsible of induced OA in the investigated spectral region.

Condensed Matter - Materials ScienceMaterials scienceOptical fiberbusiness.industryDopingMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)FOS: Physical sciencesDisordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)RadiationCondensed Matter - Disordered Systems and Neural NetworksFluenceCrystallographic defectoptical fibers radiation effects radiation-induced attenuationlaw.inventionlawOptoelectronicsIrradiationAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)businessElectron paramagnetic resonance
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Combining EXAFS and XRay Powder Diffraction to Solve Structures Containing Heavy Atoms

2005

Determination of structures using x-ray powder diffraction is complicated if the reflection intensities are mainly influenced by the scattering from heavy atoms and the atomic coordinates of light atoms remain uncertain. A method like EXAFS, which is sensitive to short range order, gives reliable atomic distances in the surroundings of heavy atoms with a precision of ±0.02 A. The probability for obtaining the complete structure from x-ray powder diffraction increases if one includes parameters derived from EXAFS measurements as restraints during the procedure of structure solving. We demonstrate the potential of combining EXAFS and x-ray powder diffraction by solving the structure UO2[H2AsO…

Materials scienceExtended X-ray absorption fine structureScatteringCondensed Matter PhysicsMolecular physicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsCondensed Matter::Materials SciencePolyhedronReflection (mathematics)Condensed Matter::SuperconductivityDirect methodsAtomStructure factorMathematical PhysicsPowder diffractionPhysica Scripta
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Cooperative Spin‐Crossover Behaviour in Polymeric 1D Fe II Coordination Compounds: [{Fe(tba) 3 }X 2 ]· n H 2 O

2007

A new family of 1D cooperative spin-crossover polymers with general formula [{Fe(tba)3}X2]·nH2O [tba = N-(4H-1,2,4-triazol-4-yl)benzamide; X = CF3SO3–, n = 2 (1), n = 0 (4); BF4–,n = 3 (2), n = 0 (5); 4-CH3C6H4SO3–, n = 3 (3), n = 0 (6)] has been synthesised and characterised using a series of spectroscopic methods, X-ray powder diffraction, magnetic susceptibility measurements and differential scanning calorimetry. The copper analogue of 1, [{Cu(tba)3}(CF3SO3)2]·3H2O (7), has also been synthesised and its crystal structure solved at 293 K. Compound 7 crystallises in the P space group. The bidentate N-(4H-1,2,4-triazol-4-yl)benzamide ligand bridges the copper ions through the 1,2-nitrogen p…

Inorganic Chemistrychemistry.chemical_classificationCrystallographyDifferential scanning calorimetryDenticitychemistryExtended X-ray absorption fine structureStereochemistrySpin crossoverSpin transitionCrystal structureMagnetic susceptibilityCoordination complexEuropean Journal of Inorganic Chemistry
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Flame atomic absorption analysis of gold in jewelry samples

1990

A new procedure is proposed for the determination of gold by flame atomic absorption in jewelry samples. The method is based on the acid digestion of 10 mg of sample in a microwave oven and on the on-line dilution, using a three-way valve. The dynamic range of the technique is extended to 100 mg/l gold solutions and using a weighted bracketing method for the treatment of the results, accuracy errors lower than 2% can be found in the analysis of real samples as compared with those obtained by fire assay. The method is very fast and implies only little damage to the jewelry samples.

Acid digestionChemistrylawDynamic rangeMicrowave ovenSample (material)Analytical chemistryAtomic absorption spectroscopyBiochemistryMicrowaveDilutionlaw.inventionFresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry
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Star-Shaped Compounds Having 1,3,5-Triazine Cores

2003

The 1,3,5-triazine derivatives 1−4 having styryl or higher oligo(phenylenevinylene) chains in the 2-, 4-, and 6-positions represent star-shaped push-pull compounds. Alkoxy or dimethylamino groups on the peripheral benzene rings, which act as electron donors, and the central 1,3,5-triazine ring, which acts as an electron acceptor, cause intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) to occur in the absorption S0⇄S1. Protonation of the 1,3,5-triazine core enhances the effect, as demonstrated by a bathochromic shift; a secondary protonation on the dimethylamino groups, however, leads to the breakdown of the ICT. Thus, the yellow compound 1d first becomes violet and then colorless upon the addition of tr…

chemistry.chemical_classificationStereochemistryChemistryOrganic ChemistryProtonationElectron acceptorMedicinal chemistrychemistry.chemical_compound135-TriazineIntramolecular forceBathochromic shiftAlkoxy groupTrifluoroacetic acidPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAbsorption (chemistry)European Journal of Organic Chemistry
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Hybrid layers of etch-and-rinse versus self-etching adhesive systems.

2010

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness in the formation of resin tags, adhesive lateral branches and hybrid layers of five adhesive systems, when bonding to dentine. Material and Methods: Flat dentin surfaces from 25 molars were bonded with several adhesive systems according to the manufacturers? instructions. Composite build-ups were constructed incrementally with Tetric Ceram. The Specimens were sectioned parallel to the long axis. One section was treated with phosphoric acid and sodium hypochlorite in order to reveal the hybrid layer formation. The other section was stored in 30% hydrochloric acid to detect resin tags and adhesive lateral branch formation. Results: The two etch-and-rin…

Absorption of waterMaterials scienceScanning electron microscopeComposite numberDental Cementschemistry.chemical_compoundstomatognathic systemDentinmedicineHumansComposite materialGeneral DentistryBondingtechnology industry and agricultureDental Bonding:CIENCIAS MÉDICAS [UNESCO]medicine.anatomical_structureOtorhinolaryngologyPolymerizationchemistrySodium hypochloriteUNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICASDentinDental EtchingMicroscopy Electron ScanningSurgeryAdhesiveScanning electron microscopyLayer (electronics)Bonding Dentin Scanning electron microscopy
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Total absorption γ -ray spectroscopy of niobium isomers

2019

15 pags. 17 figs., 5 tabs.

spektroskopiaNiobiumchemistry.chemical_element[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]Nuclear Structure7. Clean energy01 natural sciences0103 physical sciencesDecay heat010306 general physicsSpectroscopyAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)Nuclear ExperimentPhysicsZirconiumSpectrometer010308 nuclear & particles physicsPandemonium effectPenning trapnuclear structure and decayschemistry13. Climate actionFísica nuclearbeta decayAtomic physicsisomer decaysydinfysiikka
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