Search results for "absorption."

showing 10 items of 2682 documents

Investigation of water transfer across thin layer biopolymer films by infrared spectroscopy

2011

International audience; The investigation of the apparent diffusivity of water in thin layer iota-carrageenan-based films by FTIR-ATR spectroscopy clearly evidences the fundamental role of surface properties on water transfer. Water diffusivity in iota-carrageenan based biopolymer films ranges from 0.3 to 1.3 × 10−10 m2 s−1 and is thus 10–100 times lower than that in highly hydrated carrageenan gels. The surface heterogeneity and composition when fat is added strongly influence the diffusivity by modifying the liquid water absorption at the inner surface.This study of diffusing molecules in liquid state is particularly interesting to mimic situations where direct liquid water contact occurs…

ChemistryDiffusionAnalytical chemistryInfrared spectroscopyFiltration and Separationengineering.materialInterfaceFTIR-ATRThermal diffusivityBiochemistryMembraneChemical engineeringengineeringGeneral Materials Science[SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry Molecular BiologyBiopolymerPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryThin filmAbsorption (chemistry)SpectroscopyPolysaccharideWater diffusion
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Oxygen influence on luminescence properties of rare-earth doped NaLaF 4

2016

Abstract Luminescence properties of erbium and europium doped NaLaF4 with different oxygen content have been studied. Vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) excitation luminescence spectroscopy technique has been applied by using synchrotron radiation excitation. It was found that oxygen impurity leads to significant degradation of Er3+ or Eu3+ emission under VUV excitation. The intensive O2−–Er3+ charge transfer excitation band has been detected from oxygen abundant NaLaF4 in the 150–165 nm spectral range. This band reveals a competing absorption mechanism in oxygen containing NaLaF4. It is clearly demonstrated that one reason for the Er3+ emission degradation in oxygen abundant NaLaF4 is strong suppres…

ChemistryDopingBiophysicsAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technologyGeneral Chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsPhotochemistry01 natural sciencesBiochemistryOxygenAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsIonAbsorption band0103 physical sciences010306 general physics0210 nano-technologySpectroscopyLuminescenceEuropiumExcitationJournal of Luminescence
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Resonance ionization spectroscopy of fermium (Z=100)

2003

Laser spectroscopy has been applied for the first time to measure resonant transition frequencies of fermium (Zs 100). A number of 2.7=10 atoms was electrodeposited on a Ta filament and covered with a 1 mm Ti layer. Fm 10

ChemistryFermiumBuffer gasAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementPhotoionizationActinideAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsAnalytical ChemistryProtein filamentIonizationAtomic physicsSpectroscopyAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)InstrumentationSpectroscopySpectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy
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Electro-optical and laser spectrofluorimetry study of coumarins 7 and 30: evidence for the existence of the close-lying electronic states and conform…

1997

Our experiments and calculations reveal a set of anomalous and interesting properties of coumarin 7 (CU7) and coumarin 30 (CU30) in solution. The spectral dependence of electro-optical coefficients and, consequently, dipole moments indicates that the absorption band is a superposition of several (at least two) electronic transitions. Probably, there are two close-lying π,π* singlet electronic excited states which contribute to the first absorption band. The calculations using the MM2 program show that both dyes in the ground state have two stable plane anti conformers. From time-resolved spectrofluorimetric measurements we obtained evidence for the existence of conformers in paraffin oil so…

ChemistryGeneral Chemical EngineeringAnalytical chemistryGeneral Physics and AstronomyGeneral ChemistryMolecular physicsDipoleAtomic electron transitionAbsorption bandExcited stateSinglet stateAbsorption (chemistry)Ground stateConformational isomerismJournal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry
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Three-dimensional orientational colocalization of individual donor--acceptor pairs.

2004

We report on the determination of the three-dimensional orientation of the donor and acceptor transition dipoles in individual fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) pairs by means of scanning optical microscopy with annular illumination. Knowledge of the mutual orientation of the donor and acceptor dipole is mandatory for reliable distance determination based on FRET efficiency measurements. In our model system perylenediimide as the donor and terryelenediimide as the acceptor are coupled via a stiff p-terphenyl linker. The absorption dipoles of the donor and acceptor are selectively addressed by the 488 nm and 647 line of an Ar/Kr mixed gas laser, respectively. A clear deviation fr…

ChemistryGeneral Physics and AstronomyLaserFluorescenceAcceptorMolecular physicslaw.inventionDipoleCrystallographyFörster resonance energy transferOptical microscopelawPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)LinkerThe Journal of chemical physics
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Enhanced nonlinear optical properties and thermal stability of donor-acceptor substituted oligothiophenes

1997

Abstract Linear and nonlinear optical properties of a series of novel donor-acceptor substituted α-oligothiophenes were investigated by means of electrooptical absorption measurements (EOAM) and electric field induced second harmonic generation (EFISH). The second-order polarizabilities β(−2ω; ω, ω) were related to dipole changes Δμ ag and transition dipoles μ ag associated with low-lying charge-transfer (CT) excitations by using the perturbational two-level approximation. Systematic variation of the donor and acceptor groups led to compounds with exceptional nonlinearity and thermal stability. Too strong donor/acceptor pairs, however, yielded structures in the charge-resonance (CR) limit w…

ChemistryGeneral Physics and AstronomySecond-harmonic generationMolecular physicsAcceptorCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceNonlinear systemDipoleNonlinear opticalComputational chemistryElectric fieldThermal stabilityPhysics::Chemical PhysicsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)Chemical Physics
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Comparison of Alkoxy-substituted 4,4´-Distyrylbiphenyls and the Corresponding 4,4´-Distyrylbenzenes

2008

Abstract Configurationally highly pure (E,E)-4,4´-bis(styryl)biphenyls 2a - e were obtained by Siegrist reactions of 4,4´-dimethylbiphenyl 3 and alkoxy-substituted benzaldimines (4a - e). DSC measurements have indicated different crystalline modifications of these conjugated compounds. The stilbenoid chromophores of 2a - e are compared to the stilbenoid chromophores in the OPV series, which have a similar length of conjugation. The intense fluorescence and the high transparency in the visible region are promising properties for an application of the donor-substituted compounds 2a - e in twophoton absorption (TPA) techniques.

ChemistryIntense fluorescenceAlkoxy groupGeneral ChemistryAbsorption (chemistry)StilbenoidConjugated systemChromophoreCondensation reactionPhotochemistryFluorescenceZeitschrift für Naturforschung B
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Der Einfluss kondensierter Phosphate auf die Eisen-Resorption

1959

Es sollte untersucht werden, ob die kondensierten Phosphate Tetranatriumpyrophosphat, Natriumtripolyphosphat, Hexametaphosphat, Kaliummetaphosphat und Plasmal die Eisenresorption beeintrachtigen. Als Masstab fur diesselbe galten die Hamoglobin- und Erythrocytenregeneration und die Gewichtszunahme anamischer Ratten. Die Anamie wurde durch Phenylhydrazinhydrochlorid-Injektionen bzw. eine eisenarme Ernahrung (Milchdiat) hervorgerufen. Bei den herrschenden Versuchsbedingungen konnte ein nachteiliger Einflus der getesteten Substanzen auf die Eisenresorption nicht nachgewiesen werden. Auf Grund dieser Versuche und allgemeiner Uberlegungen wurde geschlossen, das dies uberhaupt unter physiologische…

ChemistryIron absorptionDrug DiscoveryMolecular MedicineGeneral MedicineMolecular biologyDna packagingGenetics (clinical)Physiological PhenomenonCondensed phosphateResorptionKlinische Wochenschrift
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Femtosecond Transient Absorption Study of the Dynamics of Acrylodan in Solution and Attached to Human Serum Albumin

2003

The excited-state relaxation dynamics of the protein-labeling dye acrylodan in solution and attached to human serum albumin has been studied by femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy. Time-resolved spectra and kinetics of stimulated emission and excited-state absorption in the wavelength region from 400 to 800 nm were studied in ethanol and dimethylformamide. The excited-state solvation dynamics is characterized by multiexponential behavior in both solvents. In ethanol solution, the time dependence of the transient spectra is interpreted in terms of fast solvent relaxation followed by excited-state isomerization of the dye. Acrylodan attached to the protein shows a relaxation compone…

ChemistryKineticsSolvationAnalytical chemistryHuman serum albuminPhotochemistryFluorescenceSurfaces Coatings and FilmsFemtosecondUltrafast laser spectroscopyMaterials ChemistrymedicineRelaxation (physics)Physical and Theoretical ChemistryAbsorption (chemistry)medicine.drugThe Journal of Physical Chemistry B
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Aggregation versus Biological Activity in Gold(I) Complexes. An Unexplored Concept

2021

The aggregation process of a series of mono- and dinuclear gold(I) complexes containing a 4-ethynylaniline ligand and a phosphane at the second coordination position (PR3-Au-C≡CC6H4-NH2, complexes 1-5, and (diphos)(Au-C≡CC6H4-NH2)2, complexes 6-8), whose biological activity was previously studied by us, has been carefully analyzed through absorption, emission, and NMR spectroscopy, together with dynamic light scattering and small-angle X-ray scattering. These experiments allow us to retrieve information about how the compounds enter the cells. It was observed that all compounds present aggregation in fresh solutions, before biological treatment, and thus they must be entering the cells as a…

ChemistryLigandScatteringBiological activityOrNuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopyAggregation (Chemistry)Inorganic ChemistryCrystallographyDynamic light scatteringAgregació (Química)X-raysRaigs XGoldPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAbsorption (chemistry)Inductively coupled plasmaCytoskeletonCytoskeleton
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