Search results for "absorption."

showing 10 items of 2682 documents

Preconcentration and speciation of chromium in waters using solid-phase extraction and atomic absorption spectrometry

2000

Abstract A method for the preconcentration and speciation of chromium was developed. After formation of an anionic compound with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (CrY − ), Cr (VI) and Cr (III) are retained on a strong anionic phase (SAX) and controlled elution with 0.5 M NaCl permits their speciation. The retention and elution conditions were optimised, and interferences due to the presence of other ions such as Mg(II), Mn(II), Sn(II), Fe(III), Ba(II), Al(III), Ca(II), chloride, iodine, bromide, fluoride, sulphate, phosphate, bicarbonate and nitrate were studied. The detection limits were 0.4 μg l −1 and 1.1 μg l −1 for Cr(III) and Cr(VI), respectively, and reproducibility was 9%. The result…

ElutionAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementEthylenediaminetetraacetic acidChlorideAnalytical Chemistrylaw.inventionchemistry.chemical_compoundChromiumchemistryBromidelawmedicineSolid phase extractionAtomic absorption spectroscopyFluorideNuclear chemistrymedicine.drugTalanta
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Absorption And Transferring Of The Coghlear Fluids

1968

The perilymph is absorbed in the loose connective tissue of the modio-lum, the endolymph is absorbed in the planum limbi and the interstitial liquid of the organ of Corti in the inner spiral sulcus. The basin of the vein of the aqueduct of the cochlea in a fetal phase transfers almost only perilymph. When fully developed, many veins of the above-said basin are obliterated and the remaining ones transfer more blood than perilymph. From the interstitial spaces of the limbus the endolymph flows into the capillaries towards the inner auditory veins and the interstitial liquid of the organ of Corti flows towards the same veins by means of short lymphatic vessels.

EndolymphAbsorptionVeinsfluids and secretionsInterstitial spacePregnancyAlbuminsotorhinolaryngologic diseasesmedicineHumansVeinCochleaLoose connective tissueChemistryLabyrinthine FluidsGeneral MedicineAnatomyPerilymphCochleamedicine.anatomical_structureLymphatic systemOtorhinolaryngologyOrgan of Corticardiovascular systemFemalesense organsActa Oto-Laryngologica
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Neutron irradiation defects in gallium sulfide: Optical absorption measurements

1997

Gallium sulfide single crystals have been irradiated with different thermal neutron doses. Defects introduced by neutron irradiation turn out to be optically active, giving rise to absorption bands with energies ranging from 1.2 to 3.2 eV. Bands lying in the band-gap exhibit Gaussian shape. Their energies and widths are independent of the irradiation dose, but their intensities are proportional to it. Thermal annealing is completed in two stages, ending at around 500 and 720 K, respectively. Centers responsible for the absorption bands are proposed to be gallium-vacancy-galliuminterstitial complexes in which the distance between the vacancy (acceptor) and the interstitial (donor) determines…

Energy GapInterstitialsMaterials scienceIII-VI SemiconductorsAnnealing (metallurgy)Band gapVacancies (Crystal)Neutron EffectsUNESCO::FÍSICAGeneral Physics and AstronomyGallium Compounds ; III-VI Semiconductors ; Neutron Effects ; Defect Absorption Spectra ; Energy Gap ; Vacancies (Crystal) ; Interstitials ; Annealing ; Visible SpectraMolecular physicsAcceptorNeutron temperatureAnnealingCrystallographyCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceAbsorption bandVisible Spectra:FÍSICA [UNESCO]Vacancy defectGallium CompoundsIrradiationDefect Absorption SpectraNeutron irradiation
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A comparative evaluation of crashworthy composite sandwich structures

2007

Abstract This paper describes an experimental evaluation of the energy absorption properties of a series of novel designs for cost-effective crashworthy composite sandwich structures. All the designs are based on the concept of the “tied-core” sandwich, i.e. the use of additional core reinforcements that act to tie the opposing facings of a sandwich together, thus preventing catastrophic failure under edgewise loading. The design, manufacture and crush testing of hollow rectangular tubes fabricated from six different tied-core concepts is described. Factors that are shown to promote high energy absorption include large, continuous areas of contact between the facings and the ties, non-thin …

EngineeringAbsorption (acoustics)business.product_categorybusiness.industryComposite numberStructural engineeringWedge (mechanical device)Comparative evaluationEnergy absorptionCatastrophic failureCeramics and CompositesCrashworthinessComposite materialTube (container)businessCivil and Structural EngineeringComposite Structures
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Absorption equipment for energy savings: A case study in Sicily

2013

Abstract This paper considers a feasibility study on the recovery of the reject heat available from an electric utility with two units operating with 120-MW gas turbines; these units have a heat recovery system that feeds the district heating pipeline of an industrial consortium. Thus, feeding the expeller of the absorption equipment installed in a cooling plant for foodstuff stocking represents an opportunity for the feasibility study. This plant operates at both 0 °C and −18 °C. The feasibility study covers two aspects: (1) the technical feasibility of a suitable absorption cooling plant that uses two separate pieces of absorption equipment working with the pair ammonia–water and (2) the …

EngineeringEconomic analysiPrimary energyWaste managementRenewable Energy Sustainability and the Environmentbusiness.industryAbsorption refrigerating equipmentPrimary energy savingEnergy Engineering and Power TechnologyInvestment (macroeconomics)law.inventionElectric utilityTechnical feasibilitylawHeat recovery ventilationGreenhouse gasSettore ING-IND/10 - Fisica Tecnica IndustrialeAbsorption refrigeratorExergetic analysisbusinessAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)Greenhouse gases emissionSustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments
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Lower and Upper Bounds of Manufacturing Cost in FMS

1993

Abstract The use of traditional techniques of product costing, cost control and performance evaluation in advanced manufacturing environment supplies poor results to operations management. In this paper, after a brief review of the major drawbacks of traditional machining economics, a new framework for product costing will be presented. The basis of the proposed approach lies on an analysis of the production process aimed at single out proper cost drivers for the use of the various employed manufacturing resources. As a consequence, the quota of the manufacturing cost of uncertain allocation is drastically reduced. A lower and an upper bound value of the unit production cost are also define…

EngineeringOperations researchbusiness.industryTotal absorption costingMechanical EngineeringCost accountingIndustrial and Manufacturing EngineeringManufacturing costCost driverAdvanced manufacturingProcess costingActivity-based costingbusinessTarget costingCIRP Annals
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A measurement methodology for monitoring a CHCP pilot plant for an office building

2003

Abstract In Mediterranean areas, climate conditions determine quite equal demand both for thermal and cooling energy. The possibility to convert a cooling demand in thermal one through an absorption chiller allows to extend widely the number of running hours of a cogeneration plant. A trigeneration pilot plant for two office building is described, in which an integrated lay-out includes a NG prime mover with heat exchanger, an absorption chiller and a reversible heat pump. The pilot plant is completed and pre-running test were performed. Different fluid dynamics parameters will be monitored, in order to build the actual cumulative curve for thermal power. The measurement methodology is also…

Engineeringbusiness.industryMechanical EngineeringCooling loadMechanical engineeringThermal power stationBuilding and ConstructionPrime moverlaw.inventionCogenerationPilot plantlawHeat exchangerAbsorption refrigeratorElectrical and Electronic EngineeringProcess engineeringbusinessCivil and Structural EngineeringHeat pumpEnergy and Buildings
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Current and new insights on phytosterol oxides in plant sterol-enriched food.

2011

Over the past 15 years, plant sterol-enriched foods have faced a great increase in the market, due to the asserted cholesterol-lowering effect of plant sterols. However, owing to their chemical structures, plant sterols can oxidize and produce a wide variety of oxidation products with controversial biological effects. Although oxyphytosterols can derive from dietary sources and endogenous formation, their single contribution should be better defined. The following review provides an overall and critical picture on the current knowledge and future perspectives of plant sterols-enriched food, particularly focused on occurrence of plant sterol oxidation products and their biological effects. T…

Enriched FoodBiologyBiochemistryFUNCTIONAL FOODAbsorptionEatingFunctional foodBotanypolycyclic compoundsAnimalsHumansMolecular BiologyBIOLOGICAL EFFECTSPLANT STEROLSOXYSTEROLSbusiness.industryPhytosterolOrganic Chemistryfungifood and beveragesPhytosterolsCell BiologyPlant sterolBiotechnologyDietary Supplementslipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)businessOxidation-ReductionPlant sterolsChemistry and physics of lipids
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Does uremic enterocolitis exist?

1981

In rats a severe but compensated chronic renal insufficiency was induced by stepwise 9/10 nephrectomy. Despite this severe chronic renal insufficiency we observed no relevant pathological changes in the intestinal mucosa. In particular, we found no evidence of mucosal erosions, ulceration or pseudomembranous colitis, findings which are traditionally thought to be characteristic of the uremic state. This was also true of those animals dying prematurely from uremia. Thus serious doubts arise about the existence of “uremic enterocolitis”, doubts which also proved justified after a critical review of the literature on human pathology.

EnterocolitisPathologymedicine.medical_specialtybusiness.industrymedicine.medical_treatmentPseudomembranous colitismedicine.diseaseIntestinal absorptionNephrectomyUremiaIntestinal mucosamedicinemedicine.symptombusinessHuman PathologyPathologicalVirchows Archiv B Cell Pathology Including Molecular Pathology
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Sorption Equilibria of Ethanol on Cork

2013

International audience; We report here for the first time a thermodynamic study of gaseous ethanol sorption on raw cork powder and plate. Our study aims at a better understanding of the reactivity of this material when used as a stopper under enological conditions, thus in close contact with a hydroethanolic solution, wine. Sorption−desorption isotherms were accurately measured by thermogravimetry at 298 K in a large range of relative pressures. Sorption enthalpies were determined by calorimetry as a function of loading. Sorption−desorption isotherms exhibit a hysteresis loop probably due to the swelling of the material and the absorption of ethanol. Surprisingly, the sorption enthalpy of e…

EnthalpyWine02 engineering and technologyCalorimetryCorkengineering.materialCalorimetry010402 general chemistrycomplex mixtures01 natural sciencesEndothermic processPermeabilityQuercusMaterials TestingmedicineOrganic chemistry[SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry Molecular BiologyChemistryFood PackagingSorptionGeneral Chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyWood0104 chemical sciencesThermogravimetryKineticsModels ChemicalChemical engineeringSulfur dioxide13. Climate actionengineeringSorptionAdsorptionethanolAbsorption (chemistry)Swellingmedicine.symptom0210 nano-technologyGeneral Agricultural and Biological SciencesCork
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