Search results for "absorption"

showing 10 items of 2701 documents

Influence of neutron and gamma-ray irradiations on rad-hard optical fiber

2015

We investigated point defects induced in rad-hard Fluorine-doped optical fibers using both a mixed source of neutrons (fluences from 1015 to 1017 n/cm2) and γ-rays (doses from 0.02 to 2 MGy) and by a γ-ray source (dose up to 10 MGy). By combining several complementary spectroscopic techniques such as radiation-induced attenuation, confocal micro-luminescence, time-resolved photo-luminescence and electron paramagnetic resonance, we evidenced intrinsic and hydrogen-related defects. The comparison between the two irradiation sources highlights close similarities among the spectroscopic properties of the induced defects and the linear correlation of their concentration up to 1016 n/cm2. These r…

Spectroscopy Fluorescence and luminescenceRadiationPhotoluminescenceMaterials sciencebusiness.industryAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaGamma rayFiber opticRadiationElectron spin resonance.Crystallographic defectMolecular physicsAbsorptionElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialslaw.inventionlawNeutron flux[SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / PhotonicOptoelectronicsNeutronDefectIrradiationbusinessElectron paramagnetic resonanceOptical Materials Express
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Electronic and vibrational signatures of the Au102p-MBA44 cluster

2011

Optical absorption of a gold nanocluster of 102 Au atoms protected by 44 para-mercaptobenzoic acid (p-MBA) ligands is measured in the range of 0.05-6.2 eV (mid-IR to UV) by a combination of several techniques for purified samples in solid and solution phases. The results are compared to calculations for a model cluster Au(102)(SMe)(44) based on the time-dependent density functional theory in the linear-response regime and using the known structure of Au(102)(p-MBA)(44). The measured and calculated molar absorption coefficients in the NIR-vis region are comparable, within a factor of 2, in the absolute scale. Several characteristic features are observed in the absorption in the range of 1.5-…

Spectroscopy Near-Infraredta114ChemistryLigandNear-infrared spectroscopyAnalytical chemistryGeneral ChemistryLigandsBiochemistryCatalysisMetalColloid and Surface ChemistryAtomic electron transitionvisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_mediumCluster (physics)Density functional theoryGoldAbsorption (chemistry)Spectroscopyta116Journal of the American Chemical Society
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<title>High-frequency electrodeless light sources for application</title>

2001

The high-frequency electrodes light sources (HFELS) are widely used as bright radiators of narrow and intensive spectral lines covering spectral region from VUV to IR. In this work we shall give a short overview of our experience in preparation of HFELS, containing He, H, Rb, Hg, Zn, Pb, As, Sb, Bi, Tl, Hg-Cd, Hg-Zn, Hg-Cd-Zn, Se-Te for different applications. Special attention would be paid for HFELS use in Zeeman mercury analyzer, in Atomic absorption analyzer and Angle and glass refractive index measurement system.© (2001) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.

Spectrum analyzerZeeman effectInfraredbusiness.industryChemistryOptical engineeringchemistry.chemical_elementSpectral linelaw.inventionRubidiumsymbols.namesakeOpticslawsymbolsOptoelectronicsAtomic absorption spectroscopybusinessRefractive indexSPIE Proceedings
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Hardening of bio-silica in sponge spicules involves an aging process after its enzymatic polycondensation: evidence for an aquaporin-mediated water a…

2011

Abstract Background Spicules, the siliceous skeletal elements of the siliceous sponges, are synthesized enzymatically via silicatein. The product formed, bio-silica, constitutes their inorganic matrix. It remained unexplored which reactions are involved in molding of the amorphous bio-silica and formation of a solid and rigid biomaterial. Methods Cell and molecular biological techniques have been applied to analyze processes resulting in the hardening of the enzymatically synthesized bio-silica. The demosponge Suberites domuncula has been used for the studies. Results Cell aggregates (primmorphs) from the sponge S . domuncula , grown in the presence of Mn-sulfate, form spicules that compris…

SpiculeAbsorption of waterTime FactorsMolecular Sequence DataBiophysicsMineralogyFluorescent Antibody TechniqueGene Expression02 engineering and technologyAquaporinsBiochemistryPhase TransitionAbsorption03 medical and health sciencesMagnesium SulfateSponge spiculeDemospongeAnimalsAmino Acid SequenceMolecular BiologyPhylogeny030304 developmental biology0303 health sciencesSyneresisbiologySequence Homology Amino AcidChemistryReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionBiomaterialSpectrometry X-Ray EmissionWater021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologybiology.organism_classificationSilicon DioxideCathepsinsSuberites domunculaSpongeChemical engineeringMicroscopy Electron Scanning0210 nano-technologySuberitesBiochimica et biophysica acta
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PV effect of fullerene/poly(3-hexylthiophene) blend sensitized by phthalocyanine having infrared absorption CT band

2008

An attempt was made to extend the photosensitivity spectral range of fullerene/poly(3-hexylthiophene) blend to NIR region by adding extra electron donor — hydroxygallium phthalocyanine (GaOHPc) with a strong and wide intermolecular charge transfer (CT) band around 830 nm. Multilayer cells of ITO/PEDOT: PSS/6 GaOHPc/P3HT: C61(CO2Et)2 have been prepared by spin coating with vacuum evaporated Al or In top electrodes. Significant photosensitivity of the cells was in 370–900 nm spectral range. However charge carrier photogeneration efficiency was 3 times higher for illumination in P3HT absorption band as compared with the GaOHPc CT band at 830 nm. But when GaOHPc was mixed in the blend forming P…

Spin coatingMaterials sciencebusiness.industryPhotochemistryPolymer solar cellchemistry.chemical_compoundPhotosensitivityPEDOT:PSSchemistryAbsorption bandPhthalocyanineOptoelectronicsQuantum efficiencyCharge carrierbusiness
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Very Long-Lived Photogenerated High-Spin Phase of a Multistable Spin-Crossover Molecular Material

2018

The spin-crossover compound [Fe(n-Bu-im)3(tren)](PF6)2 shows an unusual long relaxation time of 20 h after light-induced excited spin state trapping when irradiating at 80 K. This is more than 40 times longer than when irradiating at 10 K. Optical absorption spectroscopy, magnetometry, and X-ray diffraction using synchrotron radiation were used to characterize and explain the different relaxation behaviors of this compound after irradiation below and above 70 K. Rearrangement of the butyl chains of the ligands occurring during the relaxation after irradiation above 70 K is thought to be responsible for the unusually long relaxation time at this temperature.

Spin statesAbsorption spectroscopy010405 organic chemistryChemistryRelaxation (NMR)General Chemistry[CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry[CHIM.INOR]Chemical Sciences/Inorganic chemistry010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesBiochemistryMolecular physicsCatalysis0104 chemical sciencesColloid and Surface ChemistrySpin crossoverPhase (matter)Excited state[CHIM.COOR]Chemical Sciences/Coordination chemistryIrradiationSpin (physics)ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSJournal of the American Chemical Society
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A spin transition molecular material with a wide bistability domain.

2002

International audience; [Fe(hyptrz)3](4-chloro-3-nitrophenylsulfonate)22 H2O (1; hyptrz=4-(3-hydroxypropyl)-1,2,4-triazole) has been synthesized and its physical properties have been investigated by several physical techniques including magnetic susceptibility measurements, calorimetry, and Mössbauer, optical, and EXAFS spectroscopy. Compound 1 exhibits a spin transition below room temperature, together with a very wide thermal hysteresis of about 50 K. This represents the widest hysteresis loop ever observed for an FeII-1,2,4-triazole spin transition material. The cooperativity is discussed on the basis of temperature-dependent EXAFS studies and of the structural features of a CuII analogu…

Spin statesExtended X-ray absorption fine structureBistabilityChemistryIronOrganic ChemistrySpin transitionChain structuresGeneral ChemistryCalorimetryEXAFS spectroscopy[CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistrySpin crossoverMagnetic susceptibilityCatalysis3. Good healthCrystallographyChemical physicsSpin crossoverMössbauer spectroscopy4-triazole
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Ground- and First-Excited-Singlet-State Electric Dipole Moments of Some Photochromic Spirobenzopyrans in Their Spiropyran and Merocyanine Form

2002

The dipole moments of four photochromic derivatives of indolinospirobenzopyran have been studied in their spiro and their open merocyanine form, in dioxane. Determinations have been done by electrooptical absorption measurements (EOAM). To prepare either a pure spiropyran or a pure merocyanine form solution, the experimental setup had to be modified by addition of a second light beam. In this way thermal equilibration between the spiropyran and the merocyanine form and switching from one form to the other induced by the measuring light beam could be avoided. The ground-state dipole moment of the spiro form amounts to (10−15) × 10-30 C m and increases strongly to about 60 × 10-30 C m with th…

SpiropyranPhotochromismchemistry.chemical_compoundDipoleChemistryMoment (physics)Light beamMerocyaninePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAbsorption (chemistry)PhotochemistryExcitationThe Journal of Physical Chemistry A
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Saturated absorption spectroscopy: elimination of crossover resonances by use of a nanocell

2007

It is demonstrated that velocity selective optical pumping/saturation resonances of reduced absorption in a Rb vapor nanocell with thickness \textit{L=} $\lambda $, 2$\lambda $, and 3$\lambda $ (resonant wavelength $\lambda $ = 780 nm) allow the complete elimination of crossover (CO) resonances. We observe well pronounced resonances corresponding to the F$_{g}=3$ $\to $ F$_{e}=2,3,4$ hyperfine transitions of the $^{85}$Rb D$_{2}$ line with linewidths close to the natural width. A small CO resonance located midway between F$_{g}=3$ $\to $ F$_{e}=3$ and F$_{g}=3$ $\to$ F$_{e}=4$ transitions appears only for \textit{L} = 4$\lambda $. The D$_{2}$ line ($\lambda $ = 852 nm) in a Cs nanocell exhi…

StandardsOptical pumping[ PHYS.QPHY ] Physics [physics]/Quantum Physics [quant-ph]Saturated absorption spectroscopyFOS: Physical sciencesPhysics - Classical PhysicsLambda01 natural sciencesIndustrial and Manufacturing Engineering010309 opticssymbols.namesakeAbsorption spectroscopy[PHYS.QPHY]Physics [physics]/Quantum Physics [quant-ph]0103 physical sciencesFrequency measurementLine widthsRubidium 85Physics::Atomic Physics010306 general physicsInstrumentationHyperfine structure[PHYS.QPHY] Physics [physics]/Quantum Physics [quant-ph]PhysicsZeeman effectResonanceClassical Physics (physics.class-ph)Zeeman effectNanocellCondensed Matter PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and Optics3. Good healthMagnetic fieldWavelengthHyperfine transitionsymbolsRubidium AtomsMagnetic field effectsAtomic physicsOptical saturation
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Hydroxypropylcellulose as a novel green reservoir for the synthesis, stabilization, and storage of silver nanoparticles

2015

Muhammad Ajaz Hussain,1 Abdullah Shah,1 Ibrahim Jantan,2 Muhammad Raza Shah,3 Muhammad Nawaz Tahir,4 Riaz Ahmad,5 Syed Nasir Abbas Bukhari2 1Department of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan; 2Drug and Herbal Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; 3International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan; 4Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Guttenberg University, Duesbergweg, Mainz, Germany; 5Centre for Advanced Studies in Physics (CASP), GC University, Lahore, Pakistan Abstract: Polysaccharides are attracting the vigil eye of…

Staphylococcus aureusSilverMaterials scienceScanning electron microscopeDrug StorageBiophysicsMetal NanoparticlesPharmaceutical ScienceBioengineeringNanotechnologyNanoreactorMicroscopy Atomic Forcenanobiotechnologyantimicrobial assaySilver nanoparticlestorageBiomaterialsAnti-Infective AgentsMicroscopy Electron TransmissionX-Ray DiffractionInternational Journal of NanomedicinePhase (matter)Spectroscopy Fourier Transform InfraredDrug DiscoveryEscherichia coliStaphylococcus epidermidisThin filmCelluloseOriginal ResearchAqueous solutiongreen synthesisOrganic Chemistrytechnology industry and agricultureGreen Chemistry TechnologyGeneral MedicinestabilityTransmission electron microscopyPseudomonas aeruginosaMicroscopy Electron ScanningSunlightAspergillus nigernanoreactorAbsorption (chemistry)Bacillus subtilisNuclear chemistryInternational Journal of Nanomedicine
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