Search results for "acids"
showing 10 items of 3520 documents
The Inflammatory Response in Acyl-CoA Oxidase 1 Deficiency (Pseudoneonatal Adrenoleukodystrophy)
2012
Among several peroxisomal neurodegenerative disorders, the pseudoneonatal adrenoleukodystrophy (P-NALD) is characterized by the acyl-coenzyme A oxidase 1 (ACOX1) deficiency, which leads to the accumulation of very-long-chain fatty acids ( VLCFA) and inflammatory demyelination. However, the components of this inflammatory process in P-NALD remain elusive. In this study, we used transcriptomic profiling and PCR array analyses to explore inflammatory gene expression in patient fibroblasts. Our results show the activation of IL-1 inflammatory pathway accompanied by the increased secretion of two IL-1 target genes, IL-6 and IL-8 cytokines. Human fibroblasts exposed to very-long-chain fatty acids…
TRPC1 is regulated by caveolin-1 and is involved in oxidized LDL-induced apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells.
2009
International audience; Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) induced-apoptosis of vascular cells may participate in plaque instability and rupture. We have previously shown that vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) stably expressing caveolin-1 were more susceptible to oxLDL-induced apoptosis than VSMC expressing lower level of caveolin-1, and this was correlated with enhanced Ca(2+) entry and pro-apoptotic events. In this study, we aimed to identify the molecular events involved in oxLDL-induced Ca(2+) influx and their regulation by the structural protein caveolin-1. In VSMC, transient receptor potential canonical-1 (TRPC1) silencing by ARN interference prevents the Ca(2+) influx and red…
Peroxisomal beta-oxidation activities and gamma-decalactone production by the yeast Yarrowia lipolytica.
1998
International audience; gamma-Decalactone is a peachy aroma compound resulting from the peroxisomal beta-oxidation of ricinoleic acid by yeasts. The expression levels of acyl-CoA oxidase (gene deletion) and 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase activities (gene amplification on replicative plasmids) were modified in the yeast Yarrowia lipolytica. The effects of these modifications on beta-oxidation were measured. Overexpression of thiolase activity did not have any effect on the overall beta-oxidation activity. The disruption of one of the acyl-CoA oxidase genes resulted in an enhanced activity. The enhancement led to an increase of overall beta-oxidation activity but reduced the gamma-decalactone produc…
Apelin treatment increases complete Fatty Acid oxidation, mitochondrial oxidative capacity, and biogenesis in muscle of insulin-resistant mice.
2012
Both acute and chronic apelin treatment have been shown to improve insulin sensitivity in mice. However, the effects of apelin on fatty acid oxidation (FAO) during obesity-related insulin resistance have not yet been addressed. Thus, the aim of the current study was to determine the impact of chronic treatment on lipid use, especially in skeletal muscles. High-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese and insulin-resistant mice treated by an apelin injection (0.1 μmol/kg/day i.p.) during 4 weeks had decreased fat mass, glycemia, and plasma levels of triglycerides and were protected from hyperinsulinemia compared with HFD PBS-treated mice. Indirect calorimetry experiments showed that apelin-treated mice…
Rapid Evaluation of Oxidized Fatty Acid Concentration in Virgin Olive Oils Using Metal Oxide Semiconductor Sensors and Multiple Linear Regression
2009
This works aims to set up a rapid and nondestructive method to evaluate the advanced oxidation of virgin olive oils (VOOs). An electronic nose based on an array of six metal oxide semiconductor sensors was used, jointly with multiple linear regression (MLR), to predict the oxidized fatty acid (OFA) concentration in VOO samples characterized by different oxidative status. An MLR model constructed using five predictors was able to predict OFA concentration with an average validation error of 9%.
Scrutiny of the Failure of Lipid Membranes As A Function of Headgroups, Chain Length, and Lamellarity Measured by Scanning Force Microscopy
2004
AbstractA fast, quantitative, and unambiguous screening of material properties of biomembranes using scanning force microscopy in pulsed force mode on lipid membranes is presented. The spatially resolved study of breakthrough force, breakthrough distance, adhesion, stiffness, and topography of lipid membranes as determined simultaneously by digitalized pulsed force mode provides new insight into the structure-function relationship of model membranes, which are systematically analyzed by varying chain length, lipid headgroup, and lamellarity. For this purpose, a novel unbiased analysis method is presented. A strong correlation between adhesion and breakthrough events is found on lipid bilaye…
Partitioning of Pyrene-Labeled Phospho- and Sphingolipids between Ordered and Disordered Bilayer Domains
2004
AbstractHere we have studied how the length of the pyrene-labeled acyl chain (n) of a phosphatidylcholine, sphingomyelin, or galactosylceramide affects the partitioning of these lipids between 1), gel and fluid domains coexisting in bovine brain sphingomyelin (BB-SM) or BB-SM/spin-labeled phosphatidylcholine (PC) bilayers or 2), between liquid-disordered and liquid-ordered domains in BB-SM/spin-labeled PC/cholesterol bilayers. The partitioning behavior was deduced either from modeling of pyrene excimer/monomer ratio versus temperature plots, or from quenching of the pyrene monomer fluorescence by spin-labeled PC. New methods were developed to model excimer formation and pyrene lipid quenchi…
Purification, subunit structure, and kinetics of the chloroform-released F1ATPase complex from Rhodospirillum rubrum and its comparison with F1ATPase…
1979
Abstract A stable and homogeneous adenosine-5ʹ-triphosphatase (ATPase, EC 3.6.1.3) has been solubilized from Rhodospirillum rubrum (R . rubrum) chromatophores by chloroform extraction. Purification of the Ca2+-dependent ATPase activity was 200-fold. Ca2+ can be replaced by Mg2+, Cd2+, and Mn2+ .The Km for Ca-ATP (0.17 mᴍ) is increased about 5-fold during solubilization of the enzyme, whereas the Km values for Mg-ATP (0.029 mᴍ) and Cd-ATP (0.014 mᴍ) are not affected. The chloroform-released ATPase has a molecular weight of 400,000 ± 30,000 and consists of the following subunits (molecular weights in parenthesis): α (58,000), β (53,500), γ (39,000), δ (18,500), and ε (14,000). The amino acid …
Properties of the F0F1 ATPase Complex from Rhodospirillum rubrum Chromatophores, Solubilized by Triton X-100
1979
1. A cold-stable oligomycin-sensitive F0F1 ATPase complex from chromatophores of Rhodospirillum rubrum FR 1 was solubilized by Triton X-100 and purified by gel filtration. 2. The F0F1 complex is resolved by sodium dodecyl sulfate electrophoresis into 14 polypeptides with approximate molecular weights in the range of 58000--6800; five of these polypeptides are derived from the F1 moiety of the complex which carries the catalytic centers of the enzyme. 3. The purified F0F1 complex is homogeneous according to analytical ultracentrifugation and isoelectric focusing. 4. The molecular weight as determined by gel filtration is about 480 000 +/- 30 000. S020,w is 1.45 +/- 0.1 S and the pI is 5.4. 5…
Synergistic assembly of hyperbranched polyethylenimine and fatty acids leading to unusual supramolecular nanocapsules
2005
Self-assembly of hyperbranched polyethylenimine (PEI) and fatty acids leads to supramolecular inverted micellar structures that are able to irreversibly transfer water-soluble guest molecules into organic solvents. Perez Prieto, Julia, Julia.Perez@uv.es ; Stiriba, Salah Eddine, Salah.Stiriba@uv.es