Search results for "actin"
showing 10 items of 1375 documents
CD59 (homologous restriction factor 20), a plasma membrane protein that protects against complement C5b-9 attack, in human atherosclerotic lesions
1992
Blood cells express a cell membrane protein, termed homologous restriction factor 20 (HRF20) and identical to CD59, that can inhibit complement C5b-9 insertion into their membranes. In this report, we investigated by immunohistochemistry whether CD59 was present on cells in human atherosclerotic lesions since membranous C5b-9(m) has been found in lesions. Using a monoclonal anti-CD59 antibody, a cellular CD59 staining pattern was apparent in nearly all lesion specimens. CD59 stain co-localised with macrophage (CD14), T lymphocyte (CD7), endothelial cell (anti-factor VIII related antigen) and smooth muscle cell cytoskeletal-specific antigens (anti-alpha actin and muscle myosin). Endothelial …
Endothelial nitric oxide synthase upregulation in the guinea pig organ of Corti after acute noise trauma.
2004
Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) upregulation was identified 60 h after acute noise trauma in morphologically intact cells of the reticular lamina in the organ of Corti of the guinea pig in the second turn of the cochlea. Using gold-coupled anti-eNOS antibodies and electron microscopy, it was shown that eNOS expression was upregulated in all cell areas and cell types except inner hair cells. Furthermore, eNOS was found in the organelle-free cytoplasm and in mitochondria of various cell types. The density of eNOS in mitochondria was considerably higher compared with the surrounding cytoplasm. Since eNOS activity is regulated by calcium, the eNOS detection was combined with calcium pr…
Radiolabeled DNase, a potential indicator for noninvasive detection of tissue damage
1983
Pancreatic DNase I was labeled with 131I or fluorescamine and injected IV into NMRI mice bearing a sarcoma 180. Of the injected tracer, 1.5%-2% was found to accumulate per g tumor. In sections of tumor tissue DNase was localized in damaged cells in solid and necrotic tumor regions. This binding is most probably due to specific interaction of DNase with actin, an ubiquitous cytoskeletal protein. Two-component blood clearance with a rapid first component (two-thirds of applied radioactivity) was observed. The labeled tumor could easily be visualized by gamma camera imaging. The findings suggest DNase to be a potent radiopharmaceutical for imaging damaged tissue, occurring in malignant tumors …
Unmasking epithelial-mesenchymal transition in a breast cancer primary culture: a study report
2012
Abstract Background Immortalized cancer cell lines are now well-established procedures in biomedicine for a more complete understanding of cellular processes in cancer. However, they are more useful in preparation of fresh tumour tissue, in order to obtain cancer cells with highly preserved individual tumour properties. In the present study we report an analytical investigation on a breast cancer primary cell culture isolated from a surgical specimen obtained from a patient with an infiltrating ductal carcinoma. The objective of the research was to reveal unrecognized aspects of neoplastic cells, typical of the tumour from where the cells were derived, but masked in fixed tissue sections, i…
Review of "Fish diseases, Volumes 1 and 2." by Jorge C. Eiras, Helmut Segner, Thomas Wahli and G.B. Kapoor
2009
Abstract Book review of "Fish diseases, Volumes 1 and 2." by J. C. Eiras, H. Segner, T. Wahli and G.B. Kapoor.
Experimental studies on the suitability of human mesothelial cells for seeding vascular prostheses: shear stress resistance in vitro
1996
This investigation forms part of a study on the suitability of human omentum mesothelial cells (HOMES) as an alternative to endothelial cells (EC) for seeding vascular grafts. Isolated HOMES were grown in primary culture and characterized by their morphology (light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM)), as well as by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) and immunocytochemistry. The latter two methods showed cells which were positive for smooth muscle-type actin and cytokeratin, but negative for factor VIII-related antigen. HOMES were grown to confluence on glass with or without a fibronectin coating. Controlled shear stress was applied for up to 30 min using a plate and c…
Surplus protein myopathies.
2001
Abstract Certain muscular dystrophies are marked by absence or reduction of mutant proteins, foremost dystrophinopathies and sarcoglycanopathies. Conversely, other sporadic and familial neuromuscular conditions are marked by a surplus of proteins present in a granular or filamentous form, such as desmin-related myopathies, actinopathy and, perhaps, hyaline body myopathy. This emerging group of congenital myopathies is clinically, immunohistochemically, and genetically diverse. Clinically, early- and late-onset diseases with variable courses are described. Immunohistochemically, mutant gene-related and other proteins have been identified by immunohistochemistry. Mutations in the desmin and α…
The disruption of myofibre structures in skeletal muscle after forced lengthening contractions
1998
Specific antibodies against structural proteins (actin, desmin, dystrophin, fibronectin) of muscle fibres were used to study the effect of forced lengthening contractions on muscle microarchitecture. Tibialis anterior (TA) muscle of male Wistar rats were subjected to 240 forced lengthening contractions. At consecutive time points (0, and 6 h, 2, 4, and 7 days) after stimulation, the TA muscle was excised for biochemical and histological assays. β-Glucuronidase activity, a quantitative indicator of muscle damage, showed increased values 2–7 days after the lengthening, peaking on day 4 (11.7-fold increase). A typical course of histopathological changes (myofibre swelling, necrosis and regener…
Inmunohistochemical detection of mastocytes in tissue from patients with actinic prurigo
2015
Background: Actinic prurigo (AP) is a type of photodermatosis, the pathophysiology of which has not been determined. AP has been suggested to be a hypersensitivity reaction to the presence of eosinophils and the local production of IgE. Material and Methods: Descriptive study, using paraffin blocks of tissue that have been diagnosed with AP from the Dermopathology department, Hospital General Dr. Manuel Gea González. In 66 blocks from 63 patients, eosinophils were identified by hematoxylin and eosin staining, and mastocytes were labeled by immunohistochemistry. Three random microphotographs (40x) were used, and cell counts were calculated as the mean count in the 3 microphotographs. Results…
Desmin-related neuromuscular disorders
1995
Desmin, the intermediate filament protein of skeletal muscle fibers, cardiac myocytes, and certain smooth muscle cells, is a member of the cytoskeleton linking Z-bands with the plasmalemma and the nucleus. The pathology of desmin in human neuromuscular disorders is always marked by increased amounts, diffusely or focally. Desmin is highly expressed in immature muscle fibers, both during fetal life and regeneration as well as in certain congenital myopathies, together with vimentin. Desmin is also enriched in neonatal myotonic dystrophy and small fibers in infantile spinal muscular atrophy. Focal accretion of desmin may be twofold, in conjunction with certain inclusion bodies, cytoplasmic an…