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showing 10 items of 2898 documents

Gender differences in adverse drug reactions in dermatological patients in west Sicily: an epidemiological study

2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to show that gender also plays an important role in pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and drug toxicity. It is only fair to take into account the so-called “gender-based medicine.” Methods: We again selected admission for cutaneous adverse drug reaction (CADRs), from January 2012 to July 2012, in order to detect and verify, in an analytical way, the substantial gender differences in adverse drug reactions in term incidence, clinical manifestations, severity and drugs involved. Results:In the period January–July 2012, at the Department of Dermatology and Sexually Transmitted Disease of A.O.U.P. “Paolo Giaccone” Palermo, 384 patients were admitted, of …

AdultMaleSexually transmitted diseasemedicine.medical_specialtyDermatologyPharmacologySex FactorsPharmacokineticsInternal medicineEpidemiologyPharmacovigilancemedicineSettore MED/35 - Malattie Cutanee E VenereeHumansSicilyRetrospective Studiesbusiness.industryIncidenceIncidence (epidemiology)Retrospective cohort studyadverse drug reactions gender-based medicine pharmacovigilanceMiddle Agedmedicine.diseasePharmacodynamicsFemaleDrug EruptionsbusinessAdverse drug reaction
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Psychophysiological and vocal measures in the detection of guilty knowledge.

2004

The Guilty Knowledge Test (GKT) and its variant, the Guilty Actions Test (GAT), are both psychophysiological questioning techniques aiming to detect guilty knowledge of suspects or witnesses in criminal and forensic cases. Using a GAT, this study examined the validity of various physiological and vocal measures for the identification of guilty and innocent participants in a mock crime paradigm. Electrodermal, respiratory, and cardiovascular measures successfully differentiated between the two groups. A logistic regression model based on these variables achieved hit rates of above 90%. In contrast to these results, the vocal measures provided by the computerized voice stress analysis system …

AdultMaleSignal Detection PsychologicalPsychometricsLie DetectionBlood PressureLogistic regressionDevelopmental psychologyPolygraphLie detectionHeart RateMemoryPredictive Value of TestsReference ValuesPhysiology (medical)Stress (linguistics)HumansFalse Positive ReactionsCriminal PsychologyGeneral NeuroscienceRespirationContrast (statistics)Reproducibility of ResultsGalvanic Skin ResponseMiddle AgedCriminal psychologyTest (assessment)Neuropsychology and Physiological PsychologyPsychophysiologyKnowledgeLogistic ModelsGuiltCrimePsychologyClinical psychologyPsychophysiologyInternational journal of psychophysiology : official journal of the International Organization of Psychophysiology
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Melperone is an Inhibitor of the CYP2D6 Catalyzed O-demethylation of Venlafaxine

2003

INTRODUCTION Melperone, a butyrophenone neuroleptic, is frequently used for its sleep-inducing properties. Despite its common use for more than 30 years, it is not yet characterized regarding its effects on cytochrome P450 s (CYPs). In an open pilot study, effects of melperone on the steady-state blood levels of venlafaxine, a recently introduced serotonin- and noradrenaline reuptake inhibiting antidepressant, were assessed. METHODS The dose-corrected serum concentrations of venlafaxine and O-desmethylvenlafaxine were analyzed retrospectively in a therapeutic drug-monitoring (TDM) database comprising 94 patients. In addition, three patients received venlafaxine and melperone concomitantly a…

AdultMaleSleep Wake Disordersmedicine.medical_specialtyMelperoneVenlafaxine HydrochlorideVenlafaxinePharmacologyMethylationPharmacokineticsOral administrationCytochrome P-450 CYP2D6 InhibitorsInternal medicineDextrorphanmedicineHumansDrug InteractionsPharmacology (medical)AgedRetrospective StudiesChemistryVenlafaxine HydrochlorideGeneral MedicineDextromethorphanMiddle AgedCyclohexanolsButyrophenonesPsychiatry and Mental healthEndocrinologyCytochrome P-450 CYP2D6Drug Therapy CombinationFemaleDrug MonitoringReuptake inhibitorSelective Serotonin Reuptake InhibitorsAntipsychotic Agentsmedicine.drugPharmacopsychiatry
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Neutralizing antibody and clinical status of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals

1989

An assay based on inhibition of cytopathic effect of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) strains in Molt 4 cells was developed to quantitate neutralizing antibodies (NA) in sera of HIV-infected individuals. The assay was specific and gave results comparable to those obtained by the inhibition of immunofluorescence (IFI) and reverse transcriptase (RT) activity. Attempts were made to correlate the presence and the antibody titres with the clinical status of HIV-infected individuals classified according to Walter Reed staging classification scheme. NA titres correlated inversely with the stage of HIV infection: Compared with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients, HIV-infected subje…

AdultMaleT-LymphocytesCross ReactionsHIV AntibodiesVirus ReplicationVirusCell LineSerologyCytopathogenic Effect ViralAcquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)Neutralization TestsVirologymedicineHumansNeutralizing antibodyCytopathic effectAcquired Immunodeficiency SyndromebiologyImmune SeraHIVmedicine.diseaseVirologyTiterInfectious DiseasesImmunologybiology.proteinFemaleViral diseaseAntibodyJournal of Medical Virology
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Does a Mental Training Session Induce Neuromuscular Fatigue?

2014

ROZAND, V., F. LEBON, C. PAPAXANTHIS, and R. LEPERS. Does a Mental Training Session Induce Neuromuscular Fatigue? Med. Sci. Sports Exerc., Vol. 46, No. 10, pp. 1981–1989, 2014. Mental training, as physical training, enhances muscle strength. Whereas the repetition of maximal voluntary contractions (MVC) induces neuromuscular fatigue, the effect of maximal imagined contractions (MIC) on neuromuscular fatigue remains unknown. Here, we investigated neuromuscular alterations after a mental training session including MIC, a physical training session including MVC, and a combined training session including both MIC and MVC of the elbow flexor muscles. Methods: Ten participants performed 80 MIC (d…

AdultMaleTRANSCRANIAL MAGNETIC STIMULATIONmedicine.medical_specialtymedicine.medical_treatmenteducationPyramidal TractsPhysical Therapy Sports Therapy and RehabilitationIMAGERYMOTOR-EVOKED-POTENTIALSYoung AdultMental ProcessesMotor imageryFLEXOR MUSCLESElbowHumansMedicineOrthopedics and Sports MedicineSession (computer science)MODULATIONExercise physiologyExerciseCONTRACTIONSbusiness.industryTraining (meteorology)SUPRASPINAL FATIGUECORTICOSPINAL EXCITABILITYWorkloadPERFORMANCEElectric StimulationMAXIMAL VOLUNTARYbody regionsTranscranial magnetic stimulationNeuromuscular fatigueMuscle FatiguePhysical therapy[ SCCO ] Cognitive sciencemedicine.symptombusinesshuman activitiesMuscle ContractionMuscle contractionMedicine & Science in Sports & Exercise
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Safety Profile of Methylphenidate Under Long-Term Treatment in Adult ADHD Patients – Results of the COMPAS Study

2020

Abstract Introduction The Comparison of Methylphenidate and Psychotherapy in adult ADHD Study (COMPAS) was a prospective, randomized multicenter clinical trial, comparing methylphenidate (MPH) with placebo (PLAC) in combination with cognitive behavioral group psychotherapy (GPT) or individual clinical management (CM) over the period of 1 year. Here, we report results on treatment safety. Methods MPH and PLAC were flexibly dosed. Among 433 randomized patients, adverse events (AEs) were documented and analyzed on an “as received” basis during week 0–52. Electrocardiogram data were recorded at baseline and week 24. Results Comparing 205 patients who received ≥1 dose of MPH with 209 patients wh…

AdultMaleTachycardiamedicine.medical_specialtyAdolescentDrug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactionsmedicine.medical_treatmentMedizin610 Medicine & healthPlaceboGroup psychotherapyYoung Adult2738 Psychiatry and Mental Health03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineDouble-Blind MethodInternal medicinemedicinePalpitationsHumans2736 Pharmacology (medical)Pharmacology (medical)Prospective StudiesAdverse effectCognitive Behavioral TherapyHyperhidrosisMethylphenidatebusiness.industryGeneral MedicineMiddle AgedCombined Modality Therapy3. Good health030227 psychiatryClinical trialPsychiatry and Mental healthAttention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity10054 Clinic for Psychiatry Psychotherapy and PsychosomaticsMethylphenidateCentral Nervous System StimulantsFemalePatient Safetymedicine.symptombusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgerymedicine.drugPharmacopsychiatry
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Interaction of atenolol with furosemide and calcium and aluminum salts

1981

Six healthy subjects were treated with 100 mg atenolol. After a therapy-free interval of 4 wk the same subjects received the same dose of atenolol with furosemide, 40 mg, with calcium (as the lactate gluconate and carbonate), 500 mg, or with aluminum hydroxide, 5.6 gm. Atenolol alone and in combination was administered first as a single oral dose; a long-term 6-day treatment began 48 hr later. Addition of furosemide did not influence atenolol kinetics, but aluminum hydroxide led to an insignificant reduction (P greater than 0.05) of mean peak plasma levels of about 20% and of the area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC -infinity) from 5818 to 4353 ng ml-1 hr (P greater than 0.05…

AdultMaleTachycardiamedicine.medical_specialtyPhysical Exertionchemistry.chemical_elementBlood PressureCalciumPharmacologyPropanolaminesFurosemideHeart RateInternal medicinemedicineHumansDrug InteractionsPharmacology (medical)PharmacologyHealthy subjectsFurosemideAluminum saltsMiddle AgedAtenololKineticsPeak plasmaEndocrinologyBlood pressureAtenololchemistryHypertensionCalciumFemalemedicine.symptomAluminumcirculatory and respiratory physiologymedicine.drugClinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics
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Combined heterogeneous distribution of salt and aroma in food enhances salt perception

2015

Aroma–taste interactions and heterogeneous spatial distribution of tastants were used as strategies for taste enhancement. This study investigated the combination of these two strategies through the effect of heterogeneous salt and aroma distribution on saltiness enhancement and consumer liking for hot snacks. Four-layered cream-based products were designed with the same total amount of sodium and ham aroma but varied in their spatial distribution. Unflavoured products containing the same amount of salt and 35% more salt were used as references. A consumer panel (n = 82) rated the intensity of salty, sweet, sour, bitter and umami tastes as well as ham and cheese aroma intensity for each pro…

AdultMaleTastemedia_common.quotation_subject[ SDV.AEN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and NutritionSalt (chemistry)UmamisaltinessFood PreferencesYoung AdultPerceptionacceptability[SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineeringHumansFood scienceSodium Chloride DietaryAromaFlavormedia_commonchemistry.chemical_classificationtaste-odor interactionsflavorbiology[ SDV.IDA ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineeringTaste Perceptionfood and beveragesinhomogeneous spatial-distributionGeneral MedicineSweetnessMiddle Agedbiology.organism_classificationFlavoring AgentsSmellproductschemistryHomogeneousOdorantspulsatile stimulationFemalesodium reductionintensitysweetness[SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and NutritionFood AnalysisFood Science
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Piroxicam-induced photosensitivity and contact sensitivity to thiosalicylic acid

1990

A photocontact dermatitis developed in three patients after the application of gel containing 0.5% piroxicam. Patch tests were positive to thiomersal and thiosalicylic acid. Photopatch tests with piroxicam at several concentrations were positive in the three patients but negative in 62 normal volunteer subjects. Patch tests performed on 14 patients with proved systemic photosensitivity to piroxicam were positive for thiomersal and thiosalicylic acid. Nine of 12 patients previously sensitized to thiosalicylic acid and with no history of exposure to piroxicam showed positive photopatch test reactions to this chemical. These results support a relation between piroxicam-induced photosensitivity…

AdultMaleThiosalicylic acidmedicine.medical_specialtyDermatologyPiroxicamDermatitis ContactBenzoateschemistry.chemical_compoundPiroxicamPhotosensitivityMedicineHumansPhotosensitivity DisordersSulfhydryl CompoundsVolunteerbusiness.industryThimerosalPhotosensitivity reactionsPhotocontact DermatitisMiddle AgedPatch TestsContact sensitivityDermatologychemistryFemaleThiomersalbusinessGelsmedicine.drug
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Contractile responses of human thyroid arteries to vasopressin

2013

Abstract Aims In the present study we investigated the intervention of nitric oxide and prostacyclin in the responses to vasopressin of isolated thyroid arteries obtained from multi-organ donors. Main methods Paired artery rings from glandular branches of the superior thyroid artery, one normal and the other deendothelised, were mounted in organ baths for isometric recording of tension. Concentration–response curves to vasopressin were determined in the absence and in the presence of either the vasopressin V 1 receptor antagonist d(CH 2 ) 5 Tyr(Me)AVP (10 − 8  M), the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor N G -monomethyl- l -arginine ( L -NMMA, 10 − 4  M), or the inhibitor of prostaglandins indom…

AdultMaleVasopressinmedicine.medical_specialtyEndotheliumVasopressinsIndomethacinThyroid GlandProstacyclinIn Vitro TechniquesGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyNitric oxideSuperior thyroid arterychemistry.chemical_compoundmedicine.arteryInternal medicinemedicineHumansDrug InteractionsGeneral Pharmacology Toxicology and PharmaceuticsAgedVasopressin receptoromega-N-MethylarginineDose-Response Relationship DrugbiologyChemistryThyroidArteriesGeneral MedicineMiddle AgedArginine VasopressinNitric oxide synthaseEndocrinologymedicine.anatomical_structureVasoconstrictionbiology.proteinFemalehormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonistsmedicine.drugLife Sciences
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