Search results for "activities"
showing 10 items of 3552 documents
Differentiating hypochondriasis from panic disorder
2003
Hypochondriasis and panic disorder are both characterized by prevalent health anxieties and illness beliefs. Therefore, the question as to whether they represent distinct nosological entities has been raised. This study examines how clinical characteristics can be used to differentiate both disorders, taking the possibility of mixed symptomatologies (comorbidity) into account. We compared 46 patients with hypochondriasis, 45 with panic disorder, and 21 with comorbid hypochondriasis plus panic disorder. While panic patients had more comorbidity with agoraphobia, hypochondriasis was more closely associated with somatization. Patients with panic disorder were less pathological than hypochondri…
Understanding cultural influences on back pain and back pain research
2017
Low back pain is highly prevalent and places a considerable burden on individuals, their families and communities. This back pain burden is unequally distributed around the world and within populations. Clinicians and researchers addressing back pain should be aware of the cultural, social and political context of back pain patients and how this context can influence pain perception, disability and health care use. Culture, which influences the beliefs and behaviour of individuals within a social group, could be considered an important contributor to the unequal distribution of back pain. However, there is paucity of high-quality research exploring the influence of culture on the experience…
Subtypes of panic attacks and ICD-9 classification.
1986
No single ICD-9 category corresponds to panic disorder (DSM-III). To investigate whether patients with panic attacks can be identified by means of ICD-9, 97 patients with three panic attacks within 3 weeks were recruited from various medical centers, and were classified independently according to DSM-III and ICD-9. The ICD-9 diagnoses were scattered over a broad range of categories, and it was impossible to identify patients with panic disorder in this manner. Anxiety state, affective psychosis, and depressive neurosis were the most frequent ICD-9 diagnoses. The boundary between affective psychosis on the one hand and anxiety state and depressive neurosis on the other hand was validated by …
Inventario Clark-Beck de Obsesión-Compulsión (C-BOCI) : validación para su uso en población española
2009
The Clark-Beck Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory (C-BOCI) is a new self-administered inventory (Clark & Beck, 2002), designed to offer a valid, specifi c and reliable tool for the screening of the Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD): it assesses symptoms, their consequences, and takes into account the assumptions of current cognitive models about the disorder. The aim of this study has been to examine the usefulness of the C-BOCI in Spanish population. The questionnaire was completed together with other OCD, depression, and anxiety instruments by 506 adults without mental disorders and 44 OCD patients. The α values were ≥ 0.80 except for the obsessions subs- cale in the OCD group. Concurrent a…
Health outcomes and costs in patients with osteoarthritis and chronic pain treated with opioids in Spain: the OPIOIDS real-world study.
2020
Objective: The objective of this study was to analyze health outcomes, resource utilization, and costs in osteoarthritis patients with chronic nociceptive pain who began treatment with an opioid in real-world practice in Spain. Methods: We designed a non-interventional, retrospective, longitudinal study with 36 months of follow-up using electronic medical records (EMRs) from primary care centers, of patients aged 18+ years who began a new treatment with an opioid drug in usual practice for chronic pain due to osteoarthritis. Health/non-health resource utilization and costs, treatment adherence, pain change, cognitive functioning, and dependence for basic activities of daily living (BADL) we…
Avoidant coping, verbal-autonomic response dissociation and pain tolerance
2006
Higher autonomic reactivity relative to self-reported discomfort, often found in repressors and avoidant copers might be associated with a diminished perception of bodily symptoms. This study aimed at relating such so-called verbal-autonomic response dissociation to pain tolerance. Eighty-five volunteers underwent a public speaking task and a cold pressor test. Heart rate and negative affect in response to the speech, and pain ratings and facial muscle responses for the cold pressor were obtained. A dissociation score was calculated for each individual in response to speech, thereby subtracting standardized changes in negative affect from standardized changes in heart rate. Response dissoci…
Visual Attention, Orthographic Word Recognition, and Executive Functioning in Children With ADHD, Dyslexia, or ADHD + Dyslexia
2019
Objective: The current study examined the differences in visual selective attention, orthographic word recognition, and executive functioning. Method: One hundred and forty Ecuadorian children in third and fifth grades of elementary school (8-10 years old) participated in the study—35 with only dyslexia (DD), 35 with the combined type of attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD-C), 35 with disorders (DD + ADHD-C), and 35 typical development children (TD). Results: The Ecuadorian children with DD and/or ADHD-C in this age range usually have difficulties in visual selective attention, and also in orthographic word recognition. The executive functioning results showed that such func…
Fatigue effects of marathon running on neuromuscular performance
2007
Nine experienced endurance runners performed individual marathon runs that involved several tests of neuromuscular performance before, during and after the marathon. The tests were performed with special force platform and dynamometer techniques. The results showed an overall decrease in performance from the marathon. The maximal sprint velocity decreased parabolically during the marathon, reaching the final value of 84% of the pre-marathon one. Similarly, the other test results after marathon indicated that maximal isometric knee extension torque was 78%, the performance in a special rebound test (drop jump) 84% and the 5-jump performance 92% of the pre-marathon values. These reductions we…
Intrusive Thoughts in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Eating Disorder Patients: A Differential Analysis
2014
The present study aims to compare the unwanted intrusions experienced by obsessive–compulsive (OCD) and eating disorder (ED) patients, their appraisals, and their control strategies and analyse which variables predict the intrusions' disruption and emotional disturbance in each group. Seventy-nine OCD and 177 ED patients completed two equivalent self-reports designed to assess OCD-related and ED-related intrusions, their dysfunctional appraisals, and associated control strategies. OCD and ED patients experienced intrusions with comparable frequency and emotional disturbance, but OCD patients experienced greater disruption. Differences appeared between groups on some appraisals and control s…
Ecological correlates of Spanish adolescents’ physical activity during physical education classes
2016
The public health benefit of school physical education (PE) depends in large part on physical activity (PA) provided during class. According to the literature, PE has a valuable role in public health, and PA levels during PE classes depend on a wide range of factors. The main objective of this study, based on ecological models of behaviour, was to analyse what personal, psychosocial and environmental factors were associated with moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA) during PE lessons. The sample consisted of 189 adolescents (60.8% girls; M = 16.3 years, SD = 0.7) from nine high schools. PA was assessed by accelerometer. Differences in PA behaviour between the study groups were evaluated using the…