Search results for "adaptation"

The Effect of Different High-Intensity Periodization Models on Endurance Adaptations

2016

Purpose: This study aimed to compare the effects of three different high-intensity training (HIT) models, balanced for total load but differing in training plan progression, on endurance adaptations. Methods: Sixty-three cyclists (peak oxygen uptake (V˙O2peak) 61.3 ± 5.8 mL·kg−1·min−1) were randomized to three training groups and instructed to follow a 12-wk training program consisting of 24 interval sessions, a high volume of low-intensity training, and laboratory testing. The increasing HIT group (n = 23) performed interval training as 4 × 16 min in weeks 1–4, 4 × 8 min in weeks 5–8, and 4 × 4 min in weeks 9–12. The decreasing HIT group (n = 20) performed interval sessions in the opposite…

The emotional timeline of September 11, 2001.

2010

Wearing glasses to hear differently? Aftereffects of visuomanual prismatic adaptation on auditory perception

2022

Sensorimotor plasticity is defined as the ability to produce an appropriate motor response face to environmental or bodily changes. The classical experimental paradigm to study sensorimotor plasticity is prism adaptation, which consists of pointing to visual targets while wearing prisms that shift the visual field laterally or vertically. Its aftereffects are not restricted to sensorimotor behavior but extend to sensorial modalities not directly involved during prism exposition, such as audition. There exists a mental representation of auditory frequencies in which low auditory frequencies are associated with the left part of space and high auditory frequencies with the right part of space.…

Sensory adaptation of antennae and sex pheromone-mediated flight behavior in male oriental fruit moths (Leptidoptera: Tortricidae) after prolonged ex…

2013

Sensory adaptation has been measured in the antennae of male Grapholita molesta (Busck) after 15 min of exposure to its main pheromone compound (Z)-8-dodecen-1-yl acetate (Z8-12:OAc) at the aerial concentration of 1 ng/m(3) measured in orchards treated with pheromone for mating disruption. Exposing males to this aerial concentration of Z8-12:OAc for 15 min, however, had only a small effect on their ability to orientate by flight to virgin calling females in a flight tunnel. Experiments were undertaken to determine if exposure to the main pheromone compound in combination with the two biologically active minor compounds of this species, (E)-8-dodecen-1-yl acetate (E8-12:OAc) and (Z)-8-dodece…

Rapid nucleus-scale reorganization of chromatin in neurons enables transcriptional adaptation for memory consolidation

2020

AbstractThe interphase nucleus is functionally organized in active and repressed territories defining the transcriptional status of the cell. However, it remains poorly understood how the nuclear architecture of neurons adapts in response to behaviorally relevant stimuli that trigger fast alterations in gene expression patterns. Imaging of fluorescently tagged nucleosomes revealed that pharmacological manipulation of neuronal activity in vitro and auditory cued fear conditioning in vivo induce nucleus-scale restructuring of chromatin within minutes. Furthermore, the acquisition of auditory fear memory is impaired after infusion of a drug into auditory cortex which blocks chromatin reorganiz…

Assessing teacher leadership in physical education: the Spanish version of the transformational teaching questionnaire

2018

<p>Drawing from the transformational leadership theory, this study aims to translate and analyse the psychometric properties of a Spanish version of the Transformational Teaching Questionnaire (TTQ).</p><p>A cohort sample of 2107 adolescents (997 males and 1110 females) from 82 secondary schools voluntarily participated in the research.</p><p>In Study 1 ((<em>n</em> = 1066), the exploratory factor analysis informed a one-factor solution. In Study 2  (<em>n</em> = 1041), the confirmatory factor analysis showed the single-factor and the four-factor models showed satisfactory and adequate goodness of fit indices, respectively. Confirmatory …

Identification and transcriptional profile of Lactobacillus paracasei genes involved in the response to desiccation and rehydration

2020

International audience; Lactobacillus paracasei is able to persist in a variety of natural and technological environments despite physico-chemical perturbations, in particular alternations between desiccation and rehydration. However, the way in which it adapts to hydric fluctuations and the genetic determinants involved are not clearly understood. To identify the genes involved in adaptation to desiccation, an annotated library of L. paracasei random transposon mutants was screened for viability after desiccation (25% relative humidity, 25 °C). We found 16 genes that have not been described as being involved in this response. Most of them are linked to either the transport of molecules or …

Life-history trade-offs in a generalist digenean from cetaceans: the role of host specificity and environmental factors

2015

Background Adults and larvae of generalist parasites are exposed to diverse hosts and local environmental conditions throughout their life cycles, thus local adaptation is expected to occur through phenotypic plasticity and/or natural selection. We investigated how the combined effect of cryptic host specificity and local selective pressures could shape reproductive traits of a putative generalist parasite in the oceanic realm. Methods The LSU rDNA, ITS2 and the mt-COI of individuals of the digenean Pholeter gastrophilus (Kossack, 1910) Odhner, 1914 (Heterophyidae Leiper, 1909) from oceanic striped dolphins, Stenella coeruleoalba Meyen, and coastal bottlenose dolphins, Tursiops truncatus Mo…

Adaptation of microphysical and chemical instrumentation to the airborne measuring platform Iljushin I1-18 ‘Cyclone’ and flight regime planning durin…

1997

Abstract In 1993 the joint Russian-German Research Project ‘Arctic Haze’ started (see the Introduction and editorial note of this issue, by Jaenicke, Khattatov, Jaeschke and Leiterer). Besides CAO, four German groups were involved. To the present three airborne measuring campaigns have been performed. In total 251 h of flight within altitudes up to 8.7 km were flown in the western and eastern part of the arctic leading to a comprehensive set of data of the northern arctic hemisphere. The measurements were conducted aboard the Russian research aircraft I1-18 ‘Cyclone’ which was used by CAO in numerous scientific projects mainly in the former USSR. This 4 engined turboprop aircraft is well eq…

Adaptation of young teachers at school

2006

Straipsnyje aptariama, kaip Baltijos šalių mokyklose įgyvendinamas (2004–2007) Latvijos mokslo tarybos parengtas jaunųjų mokytojų adaptacijos projektas pirmaisiais darbo metais. Tyrimo dalyviai – 362 Rygos (Latvija), Klaipėdos (Lietuva) ir keturių Latvijos rajonų mokytojai, aukštąsias pedagogines mokyklas baigę 1995–2004 metais. Straipsnyje pateikiami mokslinio tyrimo rezultatai, rodantys mokytojų adaptaciją mokykloje skatinančius ir jai trukdančius veiksnius, vertinamas jaunųjų mokytojų psichologinis pasirengimas dirbti mokykloje. Respondentų teigimu, aukštosiose mokyklose apie pedagoginį darbą teikiama informacija yra objektyvi, jaunieji mokytojai jau pirmaisiais darbo metais sėkmingai ad…