Search results for "adaptation"
showing 10 items of 1775 documents
Walk tests : a standardizable tool to assess capacities in cardio-vascular disease
2011
Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases remain the first cause of mortality and handicap in the world. With the improvements in the management of the acute phase, the number of patients with limited exercise capacity due to chronic cardiovascular disease is increasing. The aim of this thesis was to conduct a thorough study of the use of standardized walk tests to assess exercise capacity in coronary artery disease patients. We first explain the concepts of handicap and quality of life in chronic diseases, and the need for functional evaluations in order to assess their impact and evolution. We then present the current modalities of cardiac rehabilitation, emphasizing the importance of p…
Étude des interconnexions dans les réseaux de régulation de Listeria monocytogenes en réponse aux conditions de l'environnement
2019
The facultative intracellular pathogen Listeria monocytogenes is a highly adaptable organism widely distributed in the environment. The ingestion of food contaminated with L. monocytogenes by at-risk individuals can ultimately lead to listeriosis, one of the leading causes of food-borne fatalities in developed countries. Regulatory networks are crucial for the adaptation and survival of this pathogen. The accessory gene regulator (Agr) system has been shown to be involved in virulence, biofilm formation, and survival of L. monocytogenes, affecting the transcription of over 700 genes. The alternative sigma factor Sigma B (σB) controls the general stress response in L. monocytogenes, regulati…
Evidence for the adaptation of bacterial populations to antibiotics degradation in agricultural soils
2013
A recent study has reported accelerated biodegradation of antibiotics in agricultural soils repeatedly amended with sewage manure contaminated by veterinary antibiotics. This pioneer work carried out by the research team directed by Dr E Topp (Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada) led to the characterization of sail microbial communities able to degrade sulfamethazine, an antibiotic belonging to sulphonamides. They showed that up to 30% of 14C0
Analysis of necessary adjustments of farming practices
2002
Effets de la fertilisation et de la perturbation du sol sur la communauté et les populations de champignons mycorhiziens à arbuscules
2013
Réponses adaptatives du Pois protéagineux à une perturbation de la fixation symbiotique d'azote en relation avec le métabolisme carboné
2013
Utilisation des mécanismes d'adaptation microbienne pour caractériser les conséquences écologiques de l'interdiction d'utilisation du diuron en zone …
2014
National audience
Do the high phenotypic plasticity of A. artemisiifolia L. explain its invasive success in France?
2008
International audience; Ambrosia artemisiifolia (Asteraceae) is an invasive annual plant introduced from North America to Europe over 100 years ago. This plant species is now widespread in numerous countries all over the world, causing damages to agricultural crops and human health. Ambrosia artemisiifolia is spreading as a weed in many field crops but is also able to invade a wide range of areas such as various human disturbed habitats or riverbanks (Figure 1). A considerable variability of the life history traits of A. artemisiifolia was previously observed among and within different populations (Fumanal et al., 2007). Since the success of colonization of some invasive plant species may r…
Phenotyping: Case study of legumes plants
2012
International audience; The activities of the GEAPSI group, belonging to the large research unit Agroecology, is devoted to the genetic improvement of legumes important for European agriculture, and focuses on the cultivated species pea (Pisum sativum) and the field bean (Vicia faba). These studies are supported by basic research on a model legume, Medicago truncatula, used for taking advantage of the extensive genomics information available. Some examples will first illustrate how the combination of analytical, non-destructive phenotypical measurements and modelling can improve our understanding of plant functioning, taking as case studies legumes plants. The presentation will then describ…