Search results for "adaptation"
showing 10 items of 1775 documents
Improving color correction across camera and illumination changes by contextual sample selection
2012
International audience; In many tasks of machine vision applications, it is important that recorded colors remain constant, in the real world scene, even under changes of the illuminants and the cameras. Contrary to the human vision system, a machine vision system exhibits inadequate adaptability to the variation of lighting conditions. Automatic white bal- ance control available in commercial cameras is not sufficient to pro- vide reproducible color classification. We address this problem of color constancy on a large image database acquired with varying digi- tal cameras and lighting conditions. A device-independent color repre- sentation may be obtained by applying a chromatic adaptation…
Best not to bet on the horserace: A comment on Forrin and MacLeod (2017) and a relevant stimulus-response compatibility view of colour-word contingen…
2018
International audience; One powerfully robust method for the study of human contingency learning is the colour-word contingency learning paradigm. In this task, participants respond to the print colour of neutral words, each of which is presented most often in one colour. The contingencies between words and colours are learned, as indicated by faster and more accurate responses when words are presented in their expected colour relative to an unexpected colour. In a recent report, Forrin and MacLeod (2017b, Memory & Cognition) asked to what extent this performance (i.e., response time) measure of learning might depend on the relative speed of processing of the word and the colour. With keypr…
Implementación y uso clínico de la radioterapia adaptativa. Informe del grupo de trabajo de radioterapia adaptativa de la Sociedad Española de Física…
2021
La radioterapia adaptativa (Adaptive Radiation Therapy, ART) se puede definir como la modificación del plan de tratamiento administrado a un paciente durante el curso de la radioterapia para tener en cuenta los cambios en la anatomía.
 La aplicación de ART supone un cambio en el proceso radioterápico que implica el uso de numerosos recursos adicionales, no estando implementada de forma general. Así, aun tratándose de una idea introducida hace más de 20 años, todavía a fecha de hoy son objeto de estudio muchos de los aspectos que definen la ART: la decisión de proceder a la nueva planificación del tratamiento, el momento óptimo para adaptar el plan, el umbral dosimétrico o anatómico que…
Selection in captive populations
1986
We have briefly reviewed types of genetic variation and selection in the wild as contrasted with selection in captive populations, along with the objectives of captive breeding programs, before recommending selection procedures for the genetic management of captive populations. Although some inadvertent selection for tameness and adaptation to captive environments is inevitable in captive populations, any selection that is actively applied to captive populations should have clearly defined objectives. Much of the apparent disagreement about genetic management of captive populations probably stems from the varying objectives of different captive breeding programs. Objectives differ depending…
Facilitating climate change adaptation through communication:Insights from the development of a visualization tool
2015
Climate change communication on anticipated impacts and adaptive responses is frequently presented as an effective means to facilitate implementation of adaptation to mitigate risks to residential buildings. However, it requires that communication is developed in a way that resonates with the context of the target audience, provides intelligible information and addresses perceived barriers to adaptation. In this paper we reflect upon criteria for useful climate change communication gained over a three year development process of a web-based tool – VisAdapt™ – aimed at increasing the adaptive capacity among Nordic homeowners. Based on the results from continuous user-testing and focus group …
Evidencia sobre la participación comunitaria en salud en el contexto español: reflexiones y propuestas. Informe SESPAS 2018
2018
Resumen: La participación comunitaria se está convirtiendo en fundamental para desarrollar e impulsar acciones de promoción de la salud de ámbito local. Sin embargo, se necesitan herramientas para la implementación de estrategias e intervenciones con enfoque participativo que estén basadas en la evidencia. El objetivo de este artículo es reflexionar sobre la evidencia existente en España sobre participación comunitaria en salud partiendo de los resultados del Proyecto AdaptA GPS (Adapta y Aplica Guías de Promoción de la Salud), cuyo primer objetivo ha sido la adaptación de la Guía NICE NG44 sobre participación comunitaria para mejorar la salud y el bienestar, y para reducir las desigualdade…
Bacterial endosymbionts of insects: insights from comparative genomics.
2004
The development of molecular techniques for the study of uncultured bacteria allowed the extensive study of the widespread association between insects and intracellular symbiotic bacteria. Most of the bacterial endosymbionts involved in such associations are gamma-proteobacteria, closely related to Escherichia coli. In recent years, five genomes from insect endosymbionts have been sequenced, allowing the performance of extensive genome comparative analysis that, as a complement of phylogenetic studies, and analysis on individual genes, can help to understand the different traits of this particular association, including how the symbiotic process is established, the explanation of the specia…
Dynamics of two competing species in the presence of Lévy noise sources
2010
We consider a Lotka-Volterra system of two competing species subject to multiplicative alpha-stable Lévy noise. The interaction parameter between the species is a random process which obeys a stochastic differential equation with a generalized bistable potential in the presence both of a periodic driving term and an additive alpha-stable Lévy noise. We study the species dynamics, which is characterized by two different regimes, exclusion of one species and coexistence of both. We find quasi-periodic oscillations and stochastic resonance phenomenon in the dynamics of the competing species, analysing the role of the Lévy noise sources.
Pulsed-Resource Dynamics Constrain the Evolution of Predator-Prey Interactions
2011
Although temporal variability in the physical environment plays a major role in population fluctuations, little is known about how it drives the ecological and evolutionary dynamics of species interactions. We studied experimentally how extrinsic resource pulses affect evolutionary and ecological dynamics between the prey bacterium Serratia marcescens and the predatory protozoan Tetrahymena thermophila. Predation increased the frequency of defensive, nonpigmented prey types, which bore competitive costs in terms of reduced maximum growth rate, most in a constant-resource environment. Furthermore, the predator densities of the pulsed-resource environment regularly fluctuated above and below …
Associations between success and failure in a face-to-face competition and psychobiological parameters in young women
2012
Within an evolutionary framework, in recent years some questions have been raised about whether women have a pattern of psychobiological response to social stress similar to that described in men. The main objective of this study was to analyze women's patterns of neuroendocrine, cardiovascular and mood responses to an individual competitive task, taking into account the outcome obtained. For this purpose, we measured salivary testosterone (T) and cortisol (C) levels, heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP), in addition to mood changes, in 40 healthy young women before, during and after a face-to-face laboratory competition. We also assessed some relevant psychological traits. Our results i…